Wrist and Hand, Vasculature, Connective Tissue

The muscles of the hypothenar eminence move what finger?

small finger

The muscles of the thenar eminence move what finger?

thumb

Name which muscle's tendons pass through the different tunnels formed by the extensor retinaculum. To answer this question make a list starting with the tunnel number followed by the names of the muscle(s) whose tendon(s) pass through that tunnel.

Tunnel #1: abductor pollicis longus tendon, extensor pollicis brevis tendon Tunnel #2: extensor carpi radialis longus tendon, extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon Tunnel #3: extensor pollicis longus tendon Tunnel #4: extensor digitorum tendons, extensor indicis tendon Tunnel #5: extensor digiti minimi tendon Tunnel #6: extensor carpi ulnaris tendon

The superficial palmar arch gives rise to the ___ arteries which bifurcate at the base of the fingers into the ___ arteries. How many of the first arteries you named in this question are there? ___

common palmar digital, proper palmar digital, three

The palmar aspect of the joint capsule at the joints of the fingers is formed by the ___.

palmar ligaments

he radial collateral ligament of the wrist attaches to the ___ of the radius and the ___ bone of the proximal row of carpals.

styloid process, scaphoid

The ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist attaches to the ___ of the ulna and the ___ bone.

styloid process, triquetrum

True or False: The palmar carpal ligament is also known as the flexor retinaculum.

False The transverse carpal ligament is also known as the flexor retinaculum.

The extensor retinaculum functions to maintain the position of the extensor tendons and prevent bowstringing at the wrist. This retinaculum forms tunnels as it gives off septa to the distal radius and ulna. The number of tunnels created is ___.

6

In the hand the ulnar artery and the radial artery anastomose (join together) to form two arterial arches. One arch is the terminal end of the ulnar artery completed by a very small branch from the radial artery. The other is the terminal end of the radial artery completed by a small branch from the ulnar artery. The arch that is the termination of the radial artery is the ___ palmar arch.

deep

Name two connective tissue structures that attach to the palmar ligaments/plates at the metacarpophalangeal joints: ___ and ___

deep transverse metacarpal ligament, extensor hood

The specific muscle of the thenar eminence that is not innervated by the nerve above is the ___ head of the ___ muscle. This head of this muscle is innervated by the ___ nerve.

deep, flexor pollicis brevis, ulnar

Name the structures contained within the carpal tunnel.

-Tendon of flexor pollicis longus. -Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus. -Median nerve

The cord portion of the medial and lateral collateral ligaments at the metacarpophalanageal joints of the fingers is taut in flexion and loose in extension. In your own words, what is the functional implication of this arrangement?

The cord portion of these ligaments limits the ability to abduct the metacarpophalangeal joints when in the joints are in flexion, but not when the joints are in extension.

The long branch that runs distally along the anterior side of the interosseous membrane is the ___ artery.

anterior interosseous

The transverse carpal ligament is important because it forms the roof of the ___.

carpal tunnel

The function of the superficial and deep transverse metacarpal ligaments is to limit movement at the ___ and ___ joints and to help keep the ___ close together.

carpometacarpal, intermetacarpal, metacarpal heads

The name of the short branch that travels to the interosseous membrane in the forearm is the ___ artery.

common interosseous

The majority of the muscles of the thenar eminence are innervated by the ___ nerve with root level(s) of ___.

median, C8

The hood/expansion portion of the extensor mechanism wraps around the head of the ___ and the ___ phalanx. The median band (central slip/band) attaches to the base of the ___ phalanx and the two lateral bands terminate at the base of the ___ phalanx as the terminal tendon.

metacarpal, proximal, middle, distal

The long branch that runs posteriorly along the interosseous membrane is the ___ artery.

posterior interosseous

The radial artery gives rise to the ___ artery to the thumb.

princeps pollicis

Proximally, the largest and most proximal branch of the brachial artery dives posteriorly to supply blood to the posterior arm. This branch is called the ___ artery.

profunda brachii

The artery supplying the lateral side of the index finger that usually arises from the radial artery is called the ___ artery.

radialis indicis

In the hand the ulnar artery and the radial artery anastomose (join together) to form two arterial arches. One arch is the terminal end of the ulnar artery completed by a very small branch from the radial artery. The other is the terminal end of the radial artery completed by a small branch from the ulnar artery. The arch that is the termination of the ulnar artery is the ___ palmar arch.

superficial

The long branch of the brachial artery that gives rise to the short branch that travels to the interosseous membrane in the forearm is the ___ artery.

ulnar

The majority of the muscles of the hypothenar eminence are innervated by the ___ nerve with root level(s) of ___.

ulnar, T1