4. Color Management

What is color?

"Color is the visual perception of certain wave lengths by the retina of the eye."

What are challenges in color?

- Color variation in fibers, dyes and environment conditions during dyeing process - Color must read similarly under retail lighting, homelight

The 2 main color systems are

- The standard color textile dictionaire international de la couleur (SCOTDIC) - The Pantone matching system

1. Age & Life Stage:

- Young Consumers - More Trendy, Cutting edge (all black for goth, or bights to attention seekers) - More susceptible to peer pressure, often lasting 1 season

3. Personal coloring

- different skin tones so color palette must offer variety

5. End Use

-Category of Apparel affects which colors you choose.

When does color management begin?

-Color management begins by having an understanding of color theory

2. Fashion Level

-Designer Level=More Daring Color choices - Mass Market

Older Consumers

-More Practical -Buy more classics

Name the 3 attributes of Color

1. Hue 2. Value 3. Chroma

Factors Affecting Color Management

1. Light Source 2. Fabric 3. Human Vision 4. Color Calibration

colors hues can be de-saturated (reduced in purity, weakened) by affecting its value in one of three ways:

1. Tints = light colors 2. Shades = dark colors 3. Tone = complement to either lighten or darken the value.

Visual color approval done through

1. lab dips 2. digital color approval 3. illuminants

what does the basic color wheel contain?

1. primary colors - 3 2. secondary colors - 6 3. tertiary colors - 12

How many colors can the human eye see?

10 million

2. Analogous Colors

Analogous colors are any three colors which are side by side on a 12 part color wheel, such as yellow-green, yellow, and yellow-orange. Usually one of the three colors predominates.

Hues one attribute is

Chromatic colors have hue.

Regarding color palettes to target markets

Color trends are not necessarily the same for all segments of the market.

1. Monochromatic Colors

Colors of the same hue, with similar value or Chroma

3. Complementary Colors

Complementary colors are any two colors which are directly opposite each other in the color wheel. These opposing colors create maximum contrast and maximum stability.

Color Standards

Each Color Specification System Uses its own method of notation to help identify the increments of color by hue, value and chroma.

Secondary colors

Green, orange and purple

Define Value

How we distinguish light colors from dark colors.

Define Color Management

Is the method by which the Product Developer communicates and controls the outcome of a color, from the initial concept to the final production output, in a way that is acceptable to the consumer.

What does light consist of?

Light consists of a spectrum of electromagnetic waves of energy

What must product developers consider when it comes to color?

Product developers must consider color from the beginning of the process until the final product

Whats are Hues families of colors (5 major hues)

Red, yellow, green, blue, purple

What does the color management process start with?

Starts with matching color concept to a standard

Symbolic Color

The history, culture and psychology of color have profoundly complex relationships.

Define Chroma

The saturation of a color, or purity of a color in relation to gray.

What is the 1st color selected by?

Trend or Design

What color can we not see?

Ultra-violet

What must product developers have an understanding of regarding color?

Understanding of the color science to overcome all the color variables

4. Geographical Location

Warm vs. cold weather

What do PD's have to look at

at the factors that will influence their consumer's choices in color.

How is Chroma determined?

by the amount of pigment in a color.

What does quality insurance determine?

color fastness

The two color temperatures

cool and warm

Achromatic colors

have NO hue. (white, gray, black)

What is electromagnetic waves measured in?

meters

How a society forms meaning around color ranges from the

natural, the religious, the political, to the purely emotional

Primary colors are

red, yellow and blue

Define Metamerism

refers to a change of color under different light sources, with different spectral reflectance curves under different illuminants.

Define Color constancy

refers to a color perceived to be similar regardless of the light source.

What does a color specification system identify?

the range of colors per materials for each products