ANTH 215 Ch 11

There is a large amount of variation in the hominin species Homo erectus. Order the following Homo erectus geographical variants by cranial capacity, from smallest to largest.

Dmanisi individuals -> Nariokotome boy -> Java man

Click the sites where Homo erectus has been found dating to 1.8 mya.

Dmanisi, Ileret, Olorgesailie, and Sangiran

Drag the significant Asian Homo erectus finds to the locations where they were found.

Dmanisi: five small skulls and assorted other bones that exhibit gracile features Gongwangling: a skull dating to 1.2 mya with well-developed browridges and thick cranial bones Zhoukoudian: a collection of bone fragments from 40-50 individuals

In the early 20th century, - discovered a skull cap, teeth, and a complete femur in Java. These were later identified as the remains of the hominin -.

Eugene Dubois; Homo erectus.

Drag the developments in human evolution to their correct locations on the timeline. Note the relationship between the rise of certain species and the evidence of their behavior.

From left to right: transition from Australopithecus to Homo appearance of Homo erectus in Asia and Africa ancient footprints confirming that Homo erectus had a gait like a modern human first use of fire

Which of the following correctly describes tool use by Homo erectus? Indicate your answer by dragging each statement to the appropriate box.

Homo erectus butchered and ate large mammals. Acheulian tools were used for animal butchery. Homo erectus used stone tools for hunting.

Indicate which of the following statements about Homo erectus are correct and which are incorrect by dragging them to the appropriate boxes.

Homo erectus had large browridges. Homo erectus overlapped in time with Australopithecus.

Indicate which of the following statements about Homo erectus are correct and which are incorrect by dragging them to the appropriate boxes.

Homo erectus was completely committed to terrestrial locomotion. Homo erectus appears in Asia and Africa at about the same time.

Match the behaviors to the appropriate species.

Homo habilis: developed Oldowan tools; walked like an australopithecine Homo erectus: developed Acheulian tools; cooked their food

The hominin species - is recognized as the first species of the genus Homo, with the earliest fossil evidence dating from around -.

Homo habilis; 2.5-1.0 mya.

Match the characteristics to the correct genus.

Homo: smaller teeth; Oldowan tool use Australopithecus: smaller brain; larger, protruding face

Drag the significant African Homo erectus finds to the locations where they were found.

Ileret: a partial skull whose gracile nature demonstrates the degree of a variation in the species Nariokotome: a juvenile male and one of the most complete early hominin skeletons ever discovered Bodo: a cranium that has evidence of cutmarks made by stone tools, a possible sign of ritual activity

Which of the following statements about the Homo erectus fossil that Eugene Dubois found are true?

It was also known as Pithecanthropus erectus.

Why is the date 1.8 mya so important in hominin evolutionary history?

It was the time Homo erectus appeared in both Africa and Asia. It was the time Homo erectus appeared in Asia.

Click the island in the Dutch East Indies where the first Homo erectus fossil was found.

Java

Homo habilis was first found at - and had a somewhat - brain than the australopithecines.

Olduvai; larger

Important changes in the landscape of East Africa and South Africa may have been associated with the rise of Homo habilis and the eventual extinction of the australopithecines. Which of the following statements describe this transition?

There was a significant increase in C-4 (warm season) grasses at around 2.5 mya. Underground plant parts (edible roots, etc.) became more important, which increased selection for the use of tools. Habitat changes correlated with changes in cranial and tooth morphology in Homo habilis as compared to australopithecines.

We do not know which hominin is the direct ancestor of Homo habilis, but anthropologist -suggests that similarities in the face, jaws, and teeth indicate that - is a good candidate.

Tim White; Australopithecus garhi

Place in chronological order the developments in human culture associated with Richard Wrangham's cooking hypothesis.

development of Acheulian tools control of fire cooking increased brain and body size

The change in body size between Homo habilis and Homo erectus...

involved a dramatic and sudden increase

Which of the following changes occurred between Homo habilis and Homo erectus due to their use of fire?

larger body smaller teeth, relatively smaller face and jaws

This artist drawing demonstrates early hominins using tools. While australopithecines may have used primitive tools, an increase in intelligence led to widescale tool use by the genus Homo. Which of the following statements correctly describes early hominin tool use?

A larger brain in Homo habilis indicates that tool use may have been more important to their survival than in australopithecines. Homo habilis relied more on tools than did other early hominins. Homo habilis seems to be more often associated with stone tools than are other early hominins.

Although he did not directly study fossils, - first postulated that humans evolved from African apes, while his contemporary, biologist -, first suggested that humans evolved from Asian apes.

Charles Darwin; Ernst Haeckel

Place each characteristic in the correct area on the Venn diagram, whether it corresponds to Australopithecus, Homo, or both.

Australopithecus: specialized diet Homo: large brain; more generalized diet both: short legs and long arms

Drag the appropriate hominin species to the tool complex associated with it.

Acheulian Complex: Homo erectus Oldowan Complex: Homo habilis Neither tool complex: Australopithecus anamensis

Place the following hominins in order with respect to when they first appeared in evolutionary history. There was overlap between these species, but the overall beginning dates allow us to place them in order.

Australopithecines Homo habilis Homo erectus Homo sapiens

These images show the hominins Australopithecus boisei and Homo erectus. Drag the description of each difference to the appropriate box.

Australopithecus boisei: large premolars and molars and thicker enamel, a sagittal crest to anchor large chewing muscles Homo erectus: smaller molars and thinner enamel, smaller chewing muscles and no sagittal crest

These images depict three important hominin sites. Drag the information about each site to the appropriate part of the graphic.

remains of hundreds of butchered animals along with many handaxes and other tools -> a vast collection of Homo erectus fossils, excavated in the 1920s-1940s -> earliest evidence for the controlled use of fire by early hominins

The image below is a close-up of the Bodo skull found in Africa. Why is the discovery of this skull significant?

the cutmark on the skull demonstrates defleshing of the face

On the flow chart below, place the developments in human culture and physical features in the historical order in which they occurred.

tool use -> organized social structure -> increased access to protein (hunting) -> increase in Homo erectus's height