AP Euro Part 1

Ptolemy's Geography

A second century CE work that synthesized the classical knowledge of geography and introduced the concept of latitude and longitude.

Caravel

A small, maneuverable, 3 mast sailing ships developed by the Portuguese in the 15 century that gave the Portuguese a distinct advantage in exploration and trade

Which best describes the economic situation caused by the Black Death? A. Production fell, prices rose, workers wages fell B. Production fell, prices fell, workers wages rose C. Production fell, prices rose, workers wages rose D. Production fell, prices fell, workers wages fell

C. Production fell, prices rose, workers wages rose

The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Calvin's formulation of Christian doctrine, which became a systematic theology for Protestantism

Politiques

Catholic and protestant moderate to help the only strong monarchy could see France from total collapse

Portuguese settle Madeira off the coast of Africa

1420

Portuguese settle the Azores off the coast of Africa

1427

Gutenberg's printing press

1440

End of 100 years war

1453

Spanish Inquisition begins

1478

Columbus discovers Caribbean

1492

Reconquista of Spain is completed

1492

Treaty of Tordesillas

1494

Martin Luther posts 95 Theses

1517

Charles V becomes emperor of HRE

1519

Cortez conquers the aztec

1521

Diet of Worms

1521

German Peasants' War

1524

Augsburg Confession

1530

Charles V abolishes the encomienda system

1531

Schmalkaldic League Forms

1531

Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca

1533

Church of England established

1534

Calvin begins re-formation in Geneva

1536

Council of Trent

1545

Schmalkaldic War

1546

Peace of Augsburg

1555

Union of Utrecht

1579

Defeat of Spanish Armada

1588

Edict of Nantes

1598

Dutch East India Company formed

1602

Shakespeare publishes Othello, the Moor of Venice

1603

English found first permanent colony at Jamestown

1607

de Champlain founds of the first French parliament settlement at Quebec

1608

Dutch West India Company formed

1621

Dutch colony of New Amsterdam ( modern New York) captured by British

1664

Edict of Nantes

A document issued by Henry the eighth of France in 1598, granting liberty of conscience and public worship to Calvinist, which help to restore peace in France

Indulgence

A document issued by the Catholic Church lessening penance or time in purgatory, widely believed to bring forgiveness of all sins

Encomienda system

A system where by the Spanish crown granted to Congress the right to forcibly employee groups of Indians; it was a disguised form of slavery.

During which period was the plague introduced to virtually all of Europe? A. 1345-1350 B. 1300-1305 C. 1365-1370

A. 1345-1350

What would best describe the common treatment for plague victims? A. Afflicted people were made to sweat and vomit frequently and have blood drained periodically to flush their body of poisons B. Afflicted people would immerse themselves into any large body of fresh, cold water daily to shock their systems and clean their body and organs C. Afflicted people were expected to repeat the 'Prayer of the Infirm' that had been written and introduced by Pope Innocent the six, once a day to alleviate their symptoms

A. Afflicted people were made to sweat and vomit frequently and have blood drained periodically to flush their body of poisons

Mexica Empire

Aztec Empire a large complex Native American civilization in modern Mexico and Central America that possessed advanced mathematical, astronomical, and engineering technology

Which would be the best definition for speculation? A. Predicting the future market trends based on previous consumer purchasing data B. Holding back the supply of a good or product, waiting for conditions to be desperate and prices are high before introducing it to the market C. Planting crops based on the predicted rain fall for the next to growing year D. Anticipating future disasters and constructing or repairing infrastructure meant to alleviate those hazards before they occur

B. Holding back the supply of a good or product, waiting for conditions to be desperate and prices are high before introducing it to the market

What best describes the conditions of Europe that participated the rapid spread of the plague? A. Rivers and other main water sources have been contaminated from the rise of cities due to urbanization, which allowed rapid spread of the plug through the drinking water available. B. Urban areas full of citizens weakened by famine, with low standards of a personal hygiene, and the universal afflictions of fleas and body lice or more prone to transmitting the plague C. Europeans are genetically more but susceptible to contracting the plague because of Europeans relative lack of white blood cells compared to the other humans

B. Urban areas full of citizens weakened by famine, with low standards of a personal hygiene, and the universal afflictions of fleas and body lice or more prone to transmitting the plague

Which would most accurately describes the reaction many Christians had to the Black Plague? A. Christians flooded towards cities, and centers of religions to seek answers from priests, bishops and cardinals B. Bishops began to drift away from the church, finding more comfort in science and reason C. Christians sought alternative religions; feeling betrayed or left behind by the Christian god. D. Christians interpreted the plague as a punishment from God for the sins of humanity.

D. Christians interpreted the plague as a punishment from God for the sins of humanity.

Which description would best fit the term flagellants? A. Priests known for their strong sermons condemning man as innately evil B. The derogatory term used to describe Jews who had been expelled from their cities during the plague C. Artist who painted and a realistic style, depicting the fatalist and morbid mindset of the time D. Groups of religious zeal lots who whip to themselves as penance for their sins

D. Groups of religious zeal lots who whip to themselves as penance for their sins

Huguenots

French Calvinists

Jesuits

Member of the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius Loyola, whose goal was the spread of the Roman Catholic faith.

Anticlericalism

Opposition to the clergy

Conquistadors

Spanish for "conqueror"; Spanish solider-explorers, such as Hernando Cortez and Francisco Pizarro, who sought to conquer the New World for the Spanish crown

Treaty of Tordesillas

The 1494 agreement giving Spain everything to the West and giving Portugal Eat of the imaginary line drawn down the Atlantic

Union of Utrecht

The alliance of seven Northern provinces (led by Holland) that declared its independence from Spain and it formed the United Provinces of the Netherlands

Pluralism

The clerical practice of holding more than one church benefice (or office) at the same time and enjoying the income from each

Colombian exchange

The exchange of plant, animals, and diseases between the New and Old World

Spanish Armada

The fleet sent by PhilipII of Spain in 1588 against England as a religious crusade against Protestantism. Weather and the English fleet defeated it.

Viceroyalties

The name for the for administrative units of Spanish's possessions in the Americas: new Spain, Peru, New Granada, and La Plata

Protestant

The name originally given to Lutherans which came to mean all non-Catholic Western Christian groups

Holy Office

The official Roman Catholic agency founded in 1542 to combat international doctrinal heresy

Predestination

The teaching that God has determined the salvation or damnation of individuals based on his will and purpose, not on their merit or works

Inca Empire

The vast and sophisticated Peruvian empire centered at the capital city of Cuzco that was at its peak from 1438 to 1532