behavioral mgmt chapter 7

Arielle is part of a team charged with developing a new name for a product. This is an ___

idea generation

a few people in the company who get together to play tennis on the weekend would be considered a _________________ group

informal

formal work group

made up of managers, subordinates, or both with close associations among group members that influence the behavior of individuals in the group

sequential interdependence

when one person's output becomes another person's input

outcome interdependence

when the rewards that an individual receives depend on the performance of others

can groups have too much cohesion?

yes, Members may become conflict avoidant, focusing more on trying to please each other so as not to be ostracized.

pooled interdependence

when team members may work independently and simply combine their efforts to create the teams output

self managed teams

Teams that manage themselves and do not report directly to a supervisor. Instead, team members select their own leader, and they may even take turns in the leadership role.

what should you do after the meeting

follow up on action items

what are the two types of groups

formal and informal

storming

stage when participants focus less on keeping their guard up as they shed social facades, becoming more authentic and more argumentative

traditional manager - led teams

Teams where the manager serves as the team leader.

a group is

A collection of individuals. Within an organization, groups might consist of project-related collectives such as a product group or division, or they can encompass an entire store or branch of a company

social loafing

Develops when a perception of inequality in regard to rewards and/or blame arises in a group

Team

a cohesive coalition of people working together to achieve mutual goals

team contract

agreements on established ground rules, goals, and roles

process loss

any aspect of group interaction that inhibits group functioning

in many cases groups get stuck in the _______ stage

storming

production tasks

tasks that include actually making something such as a building, product, or a marketing plan

reciprocal interdependence

team members working on each tasks simultaneously

cohesion

the degree of camaraderie (friendship) within the group/ like the social glue

task interdependence

the degree that team members are dependent upon one another to get information, support, or materials from other team members to be effective

T/F The purpose of assembling a team is to accomplish larger, more complex goals than what would be possible for an individual working alone or even the simple sum of several individuals working independently.

true

cross functional teams

Teams that involve individuals from different parts of the organization.

what are some tips to avoid getting stuck?

- normalize conflict - be inclusive - make sure everyone is heard - support all group members - remain positive - don't rush the groups development

boundary-spanning roles

1. consul - gather info from the larger organization and informing those about team activities, goals, and successes (team managers or leaders) 2. coordinator- interfacing with others within the organization so that the team's efforts are in line with others

task roles

1. contractor - organize the team's work 2. creator - changes in the teams task process structure 3. contributor - brings information and expertise to the team 4. completer- transforms ideas into action 5. critic- "devil's advocate"

social roles

1. cooperator - supporting those with expertise toward the team's goal 2. communicator- behaviors that are targeted at collaboration, such ask listening skills 3. calibrator- an important one that serves to keep the team on track in terms of suggesting any needed changes to the team's process/ discussing teams problems/struggles/tensions

3 types of task interdependence

1. pooled interdependence 2. sequential interdependence 3. reciprocal interdependence

what are some things you can do during the meeting to make sure the team starts and keeps on track?

1. start on time 2. getting on the same page 3. follow the agenda 4. managing group dynamics for full participation 5. summarize the meeting with action items 6. end on time

how does a group differ from a team

A group is often a collection of people working independently on their own goals ; a team is assembled to accomplish mutual goals.

Collective efficiency refers to

A groups perception of its ability to perform well

after action review

A meeting conducted at the end of a project or event, where team members discuss what went right, what went wrong, and what could have been done differently. Commonly used alternative names include "retrospective meeting", "de-brief meeting", or post mortem.

product development teams

A team in charge of designing a new product.

task force

A type of temporary team which is asked to address a specific issue or problem until it is resolved.

which of the following is true for group decision making

Groups often perform lower than the best individual in the group

forming-storming-norming-performing model

Proposed by Bruce Tuckman in 1965 and involved a four-stage map of group evolution.

T/F A collection of people is not a team

TRUE

T/F Research shows that a group's collective efficacy is related to its performance

TRUE

T/F The social loafing tendency is less a matter of being lazy and more a matter of perceiving that one will receive neither one's fair share of rewards if the group is successful nor blame if the group fails.

TRUE

top management teams

Teams appointed by the chief executive officer (CEO) and, ideally, reflect the skills and areas that the CEO considers vital for the company.

empowered teams

Teams that have the responsibility as well as the authority to achieve their goals.

virtual teams

Teams where members are not located in the same physical place.

___________effect found that as the number of group members increases, the effort of each member decreases.

The Ringelmann

The decision-making technique designed to help with group decision making by ensuring that all members participate fully is

The nominal group technique

adjourning phase

The fifth and final stage later added to the Tuckman model.

does cohesion result in higher performing teams? a. yes b. no c. it depends

c

group

a collection of individuals who interact with each other such that one person's actions have an impact on the others

Collective efficacy

a group's perception of its ability to successfully perform well. "we can do this" "we can do better than them"

groupthink

a tendency to avoid a critical evaluation of ideas the group favors. Groupthink is most common in highly cohesive groups

adjourning

a working group may dissolve due to an organizational restructuring.

what are the 6 key things you should do before the meeting?

aks: 1. is a meeting needed? 2. decide who all should be at the meeting 3. how long? Keep it short 4. create and distribute agenda 5. determine how all members can attend 6. send reminder prior to meeting

process loss refers to

any aspect of group interaction that inhibits group functioning

Mariana is encouraging her sorority sisters to function as a cohesive group she list all of the following as benefits EXCEPT a. If you are experiencing stress, as you might during finals week, you can depend on your sisters to help get you through. b. If you experience a personal tragedy or challenge, your sisters will help you cope. c. If you are part of the sorority, you do not have to attend meetings and events often because you can depend on your sisters to cover for you. d. You will have greater self-confidence and self-esteem if you are a regular part of the group.

c

Mike listens carefully to the exchanges between team members during meetings and is particularly adept at using humor to lighten any tense situations that arise between team members because of those exchanges. Mike plays the a. calibrator role. b. cooperator role. c. communicator role. d. completer role.

c

the following questions can help to create a meaningful team __________ Team Values and Goals What are our shared team values? What is our team goal? Team Roles and Leadership Who does what within this team? (Who takes notes at the meeting? Who sets the agenda? Who assigns tasks? Who runs the meetings?) Does the team have a formal leader? If so, what are his or her roles? Team Decision Making How are minor decisions made? How are major decisions made? Team Communication Who do you contact if you cannot make a meeting? Who communicates with whom? How often will the team meet? Team Performance What constitutes good team performance? What if a team member tries hard but does not seem to be producing quality work? How will poor attendance/work quality be dealt with?

contract

idea- generation

creative tasks such as brainstorming a new direction or. creating a new process

the superintendent of the school district is writing a new mission statement for the district. He is engaged in the _______ role

creator

The tendency to avoid a critical evaluation of ideas that the group favors is called

groupthink

Hank is part of a team doing engineering design on a new hybrid automobile. Hank's team has completed designing the vehicle. His team is now ready to hand off to another team who will be dealing with ___

production

3 major classes of tasks

production idea generation problem solving

problem-solving tasks

refers to coming up with plans for actions and making decisions

norms refers to a. shared expectations about how things operate within a group or team. b. agreements on established ground rules, goals, and roles. c. measures of camaraderie in the group or team. d. formal approaches to decision making in a group or team

shared expectations about how things operate within a group or team

team norms

shared expectations about how things operate within a group or team

the fundamental factors affecting group cohesion

similarity stability size support satisfaction

performing

stage when participants are not only getting work done, but they also pay greater attention to how they are doing it

norming

stage when participants find it easy to establish their own ground rules (or norms) and define their operating procedures and goals

Jennifer has been very empathetic in her comments supporting the new addition to the product line. Christopher has been equally spirited in his opposition to the item. Gordon and antonio seem to be leaning to discussion about the product has consumed the last hour of the meeting of the marketing group. At what stage of tuckman's model does this group seem to be functioning?

storming

The decision-making technique design to help with group decision making by ensuring that all members participate fully is

the nominal group technique

forming

the stage when the group comes together for the first time

social loafing

the tendency for individuals to put in less effort when working in a group context

punctuated equilibrium

the theory that change within groups occurs in rapid, radical spurts rather than gradually over time

informal work groups

two or more individuals who are associated with one another in ways not prescribed by the formal organization