Bio 1 exam 2 practice test

Which of the following is not an enzyme? a. Sucrose b. Amylase c. Sucrase d. catalase

a. Sucrose

Prokaryotic cells are most similar to _______ a. The mitochondria b. The ribosome c. The nucleus d. The Golgi apparatus

a. The mitochondria

What do active transports require to be able to function? a. Transport proteins and energy b. Transport proteins and transport vesicles c. Energy and ATP d. Only ATP

a. Transport proteins and energy

The phospholipid head has a ____ charge, which causes ____ to be attracted to it and are then ____ to pass through the membrane a. Positive, anions, able b. Negative, cations, unable c. Negative, anions, able d. Positive, cations, unable

b. Negative, cations, unable

The diffusion of oxygen through the membranes of lung cells into blood cellsis an example of what kind of transport? a. Active transport b. Passive transport c. Facilitated transport d. Endocytosis

b. Passive transport

Kinetic energy is _____, potential energy is _______. a. Ready for immediate use, stored in the mitochondria b. Ready for immediate use, stored in the bonds of molecules c. Stored in the mitochondria, ready for immediate use d. Stored in the bonds of molecules, ready for immediate use

b. Ready for immediate use, stored in the bonds of molecules

Which of the following organelles synthesizes, modifies, and packages proteins and accountsfor more than half the membranes in a eukaryotic cell? a. Smooth ER b. Rough ER c. Ribosomes d. Golgi apparatus

b. Rough ER

What is the 'skeleton of the cell'? a. The extracellular matrix b. The cytoskeleton c. The cytosol d. All of the abovework together to be the 'skeleton of the cell'

b. The cytoskeleton

Membranes are composed of many different kinds of molecules and described as not rigid. What is this referred to as? a. The flexibility principle b. The fluid mosaic model c. The semi permeable standard d. The phospholipid model of fluidity

b. The fluid mosaic model

Osmosis refers specifically to the movement of a. Solute b. Solvent c. Water d. Sugar

c. Water

Inhibitor that binds non-covalently to a location outside of the active site causing the enzyme to change shape and prevent the substrate from binding. a. Allosteric inhibitor b. Competitive inhibitor c. Noncompetitive inhibitor d. A and B e. A and C

e. A and C

Diffusion rate is affected by a. Temperature b. Electrical charge c. Concentration gradient d. Molecule size e. All of the above f. Some of the above are correct

e. All of the above

T/F: ATP is a rechargeable energy source.

true

T/F: Enzyme inhibitors can be both permanent and reversible.

true

T/F: Most biological enzymes function between 6-8 on the PH scale.

true

T/F: plant cells have both mitochondria and chloroplasts

true

How many products would be formed if 25 enzymes and 20 substrates are present? a. 20 b. 25 c. 23 d. Not enough information given

a. 20

What are the products of glycolysis? a. 2x pyruvates, 2 ATP, 2 NADH b. 2x pyruvates, 4 ATP, 2 NADH c. 2x pyruvates, 4 ATP, 2 FADH2 d. 2x pyruvates, 2 ATP, 2 FADH2

a. 2x pyruvates, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Which of the following is not part of the cell theory? a. Cells are the smallest units of matter b. New cells come only from pre-existing cells by division c. All cells have similar compositions d. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells

a. Cells are the smallest units of matter

Enzymes __________ activation energy to __________the rate of reaction. a. Decrease; Increase b. Increase; decrease c. Increase; increase d. Decrease; decrease

a. Decrease; Increase

The smaller the cell, __________ the diffusion across its membrane. a. Greater b. Lesser c. No change in

a. Greater

What does the term amphipathic refer to? a. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions b. The solubility of a molecule across a membrane c. The structure of two DNA strands d. Waters polar ability to bind to other polar molecules

a. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions

A piece of celery has become flexible and limp after being left in the refrigerator for too long and is placed in a glassof water where it becomes rigid. What is the tonicity of the solution after it has been placed in the water? a. Hypotonic b. Hypertonic c. Isotonic d. None of the above are correct

a. Hypotonic

If a cell weighs 37g and is observed to have lost mass to be 29g by the diffusion of water, what is the tonicity of the solution inside of the cell? a. Hypotonic b. Hypertonic c. isotonic

a. Hypotonic

A 50% glucose pouch is put into a beaker containing 35% glucose, water will flow ____ the environment, ____ the pouch. a. Out of, in to b. In to, out of

a. Out of, in to

An enzymes main function is too... a. Speed up reactions by lowering activation energy b. Speed up reactions by increasing activation energy c. Slow down reactions by lowering activation energy d. Slow down reactions by increasing activation energy

a. Speed up reactions by lowering activation energy

Which of the following is not true about enzymes? a. They are changed and consumed by the reaction b. Enzymes do not change the products of the reaction from what would occur naturally c. They are specific d. They can be reused

a. They are changed and consumed by the reaction

Most enzymes function best around what temperature? a. 28 degrees C b. 37 degrees C c. 45 degrees C d. 52 degrees C

b. 37 degrees C

Defined as the ability to promote change or to do work: a. Work b. Energy c. Temperature d. Force

b. Energy

A type of active transport that packages material inside the cell via transport vesicles and utilizes the endomembrane system to excrete that material to the outside of the cell. a. Endocytosis b. Exocytosis c. Facilitated transport d. Passive transport

b. Exocytosis

Please select the correct pathway: a. Glucose → Acetyl CoA → pyruvate → citrate → ETC b. Glucose → pyruvate → Acetyl CoA → citrate → ETC c. Glucose → Citrate → pyruvate → Acetyl CoA → ETC d. Glucose → pyruvate → Citrate → Acetyl CoA → ETC

b. Glucose → pyruvate → Acetyl CoA → citrate → ETC

Which of the following organelles consists of flattened membranous sacs and functions to process, sort, and secrete proteins. a. Rough ER b. Golgi apparatus c. Mitochondria d. Smooth ER

b. Golgi apparatus

Why does the body use enzymes rather than extreme heat to speed up reactions? a. It requires less energy for the body b. High temperature will denature other proteins that exist in the body c. Enzymes require carbohydrates to undergo hydrolysis reactions, which releases energy d. Enzymes cause lipids to reproduce quickly, which is good for the body

b. High temperature will denature other proteins that exist in the body

A 20% glucose pouch is put into a beaker containing 85% water, water will flow ____ the pouch into the ____ environment. a. Inside, hypotonic b. Inside, hypertonic c. Outside, hypotonic d. Outside, hypertonic

b. Inside, hypertonic

In osmosis, water moves from an area of ______ solute to an area of _________solute. a. Higher; lower b. Lower; higher c. Only solute moves d. Water does not move

b. Lower; higher

Plant cells do not contain which organelle? a. Smooth ER b. Lysosome c. Peroxisomes d. Cell membrane

b. Lysosome

What organelle contains digestive enzymes that hydrolyze and recycle macromolecules brought into the cell? a. Peroxisomes b. Lysosomes c. Vacuoles d. Golgi apparatus

b. Lysosomes

What organelle do most muscle cells have an abundance of? a. Lysosome b. Mitochondria c. Peroxisome d. RER

b. Mitochondria

Which of the following is not a function of the smooth ER? a. Detoxifies harmful molecules b. Hydrolyzes glycogen c. Synthesizes proteins d. Modifies lipids

c. Synthesizes proteins

What dictates the movement of water in the process of osmosis? a. The concentration of solvent b. The concentration of water c. The concentration of solute d. The amount of energy

c. The concentration of solute

Prokaryotic is to___________ as Eukaryotic is to __________. a. Plant; bacteria b. Yeast; bacteria c. Yeast; plant d. Bacteria; yeast

d. Bacteria; yeast

Which of the following is not a function of the extracellular matrix? a. Filter materials b. Support and organize cells into tissues c. Allow for cell communication d. Contributes to chemical reactions w/n the cell

d. Contributes to chemical reactions w/n the cell

Surface area to volume ratio dictates... a. Increases in cell size b. Maximum size a cell can get c. Diffusion across a membrane d. One or more of the above is correct

d. One or more of the above is correct

What type of molecules can pass through the cell membrane readily? a. Polar, large b. Small, polar c. Nonpolar, large d. Small, nonpolar

d. Small, nonpolar

What molecules can diffuse through the membrane without the assistance of a transport protein? a. Large, polar molecules b. Large, unpolar molecules c. Small, polar molecules d. Small, unpolar molecules

d. Small, unpolar molecules

What affects enzyme activity rates? a. Concentrations b. Inhibitors c. PH d. Temperature e. All are correct

e. All are correct

Facilitated transport is... a. A passive transport involving a transport protein b. An active transport involving a transport protein c. Utilizes only selective proteins d. Requires ATP e. More than one is correct

e. More than one is correct (a&c)

Which of the following is present in ONLY plant cells but not in animal cells a. Chloroplasts b. Cell wall c. lysosomes d. Mitochondria e. More than one of the above is correct

e. More than one of the above is correct (cholorplast/cellwall)

The head of a phospholipid is a. A phosphate group b. Polar c. Hydrophilic d. Negatively charged e. One or more of the above are correct

e. One or more of the above are correct

Which of the following requires energy to transport molecules? a. Facilitated b. Osmosis c. Active transport d. Exocytosis e. One or more of the above are correct

e. One or more of the above are correct (c&d)

What affects the rate of diffusion? a. Kineticenergy b. Molecule size c. Electrical charge d. Concentration gradient e. Only A and B f. All of the above

f. All of the above

T/F Solute is permeable across a membrane in the process of osmosis.

false

T/F: Enzymes are altered when they speed up reactions.

false

T/F: The smooth ER is part of the endomembrane system

false

True/False: All cells have the exact same organelles and the exact same number of organelles

false

true/False The plasma membrane is a fixed rigid structure that allows specific molecules to pass through

false

Which of the following types of work is incorrectly matched? a. Mechanical work: movement of chromosomes and cilia, or contractions of muscle cells b. Transport work: pumping of substances across the membrane in the direction of spontaneous movement(passive transport) c. Chemical work: involving the breakdown, rearranging, and synthesis of substances

b. Transport work: pumping of substances across the membrane in the direction of spontaneous movement(passive transport)

How many NADHs, FADH2, and ATP are made from a singleAcetyl CoA? a. 2 ATP, 2 FADH2, and 6 NADH b. 2 ATP, 1 FADH2, and 3 NADH c. 1 ATP, 1 FADH2, and 3 NADH d. 2 ATP, 3 FADH2, and 10 NADH

c. 1 ATP, 1 FADH2, and 3 NADH

Roughly how many ATP are produced in cellular respiration? a. 37 b. 35 c. 30 d. 27

c. 30

When an inhibitor binds to the active sight it is referred to as _____, when an inhibitor binds to a location besides the active sight is referred to as ____. a. Noncompetitve inhibition, competitive inhibition b. Allosteric inhibition, competitive inhibition c. Competitive inhibition, noncompetitive inhibition d. Allosteric inhibition, noncompetitive inhibition

c. Competitive inhibition, noncompetitive inhibition

Which of the following is not true about a prokaryotic cell a. No membrane bound organelles b. No membrane bound nucleus c. Contains many molecules of DNA d. Have appendages used for movement

c. Contains many molecules of DNA

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the cell membrane? a. Semi-permeable b. Non rigid structures c. Covalent bonds in membrane hold each phospholipid together with the next d. Seperate the internal environment from external e. Lipidsfrom the SER make up a portion of the membrane

c. Covalent bonds in membrane hold each phospholipid together with the next

Which of the following refers to the fluid like region of the cell rich in water, ions, and other macromolecules? a. hydrophilic microplasm b. Extracellular matrix c. Cytoplasm d. cytoskeleton

c. Cytoplasm

The net movement of a substance form a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration a. Passive transport b. Active transport c. Diffusion d. Osmosis

c. Diffusion

Why is the cell membrane referred to as a fluid mosaic model? a. The membrane is flexible and fluid like b. The cytoplasm is made up of the cytosol and organelle fluid c. It is composed of molecules such as phospholipids, carbs, and proteins embedded in the double layer of phospholipids d. The membrane allows fluids such as water to readily pass

c. It is composed of molecules such as phospholipids, carbs, and proteins embedded in the double layer of phospholipids

What order of organelles are involved in the endomembrane system? a. Nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, plasma membrane b. Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, plasma, membrane c. Nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes or plasma membrane d. Nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, ER, lysosomes or plasma membrane

c. Nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes or plasma membrane

Which of the following increases enzyme activity, and therefore the rate of the reaction. a. Denaturation of a protein by temperature b. Denaturation of a protein by pH c. Optimal increase of temperature d. Low concentration of enzymes e. One or more of the above are correct

c. Optimal increase of temperature

Chloroplasts take energy from the sun to make ______ that are then processed into _______. a. ATP (potential energy), sugars (kinetic energy) b. ATP (kinetic energy), sugars (potential energy) c. Sugars (potential energy), ATP(kinetic energy) d. Sugars (kinetic energy), ATP (potential energy)

c. Sugars (potential energy), ATP(kinetic energy)

You drop your phone into a puddle of water, to try and fix your phone you put it in a bowl of rice. Which statement is true? a. The phone is hypertonic, so water should flow into the hypotonic rice b. The phone is hypotonic, so water should flow away from the hypertonic rice c. The phone is hypotonic, so water should flow into the hypertonic rice d. The phone is hypertonic, so water should flow into the hypotonic rice

c. The phone is hypotonic, so water should flow into the hypertonic rice

The addition reaction of a phosphate or input of energy to an ADP molecule to form ATP is specifically... a. ATP hydrolysis b. Dephosphorylation c. Phosphorylation d. ATP cycle

d. ATP cycle

Which of the following determines the maximum size of the cell? a. The internal volume to external surface area ratio b. The shape of the cell c. The rate of transporting waste out of the cell and nutrients in d. All are correct e. More than one iscorrect

d. All are correct

What are the locations where ribosomes can be found? a. Mitochondria b. Free floating in the cytoplasm c. Rough ER d. All of the above are correct

d. All of the above are correct

Which of the following is not a function of the Golgi Apparatus? a. Determining if vesicles need to leave the cell or not b. Providing additional modification to the protein if needed c. Creating the lysosomes d. All of the above are correct e. Only some of the above are correct

d. All of the above are correct