Bio Ch. 24
Which organisms use Malpighian tubules to excrete uric acid?
Insects
Muscular dystrophy affects the functioning of skeletal muscle. As this disease advances, it can impair the contraction of the diaphragm and the muscles of the rib cage. What affect will this have on the ability of someone with this disease to carry out gas exchange?
It will decrease their ability to exchange air into and out of the lungs, decreasing gas exchange
At the area labeled "A" in the figure shown here,
O2 enters the lungs and CO2 leaves the lungs
Vanessa and her friends are having lunch together. Just as Vanessa takes a drink of her chocolate milk, one of her friends tells a joke. Laughing, Vanessa has some of her milk come out of her nose. What is the explanation for this unusual event?
The laughter interfered with the movement of the soft palate so it did not shut off the nasal cavity.
You are at your cousins high school graduation party. The only thing good to drink is lemonade. You end up staying at the party for a long time and drinking four large glasses of lemonade. What would you expect to happen to your urine production?
You will produce an increased amount of dilute urine.
A genetic defect in the epithelial cells of the villi can result in which of the following situations?
a decrease in the ability to digest peptides and sugars
Without villi, a person would not be able to
absorb enough nutrients
Which of the following is NOT a function of the large intestine?
absorption of amino acid
The functional unit of the lungs where gas exchange occurs is the
alveolus.
Which of the following events will cause problems with the body's ability to exchange gasses between the blood and tissue fluid?
an increase in the blood pH due to smoking
Increasing the size of the thoracic cavity through contraction of the diaphragm and rib muscles causes
an inhalation.
If the stomach lining lacks mucus it will not efficiently absorb nutrients and can result in
an ulcer.
Most carbon dioxide is carried in the blood
as bicarbonate ion formed from carbonic acid in the plasma.
In the figure shown here, O2 enters the blood stream and CO2 leaves the blood stream
at B.
Alicia and Juan are hiking in the woods and come across the skull of an animal. The teeth are still in the skull. The front teeth or incisors are short but sharp. The canines are long and pointed. The back teeth, or molars and premolars, are jagged. Based on these teeth, the skull likely belonged to a
carnivore.
The mechanism by which oxygen moves into capillaries from alveoli is
diffusion.
Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?
eliminate nitrogenous waste
The digestion and absorption of fats differs from that of sugars and proteins in that
fats are absorbed into lymphatic capillaries instead of blood capillaries
In fish
gases are exchanged between the lamellae of the gills and the water
In the figure shown here, "E" represents
internal respiration, the exchange of gases between the body tissues and the blood.
Digestion in humans and earthworms
is similar in that both organisms, digestion is an extracellular process, occurring in a complete digestive tract.
In the figure shown here, "A" is referring to the
liver.
Emphysema occurs when the walls of alveoli are destroyed, reducing surface area for gas exchange. This condition impacts the
lower respiratory system more than the upper
Which of the following incorrectly pairs the enzyme and the molecule on which it acts?
maltase - starch
Starch digestion begins in the _____ and protein digestion begins in the
mouth; stomach.
Which of the following is the correct pathway of air into the lungs to the site of gas exchange?
nasal cavity - pharynx - larynx - trachea - bronchi - bronchioles - alveoli
Hair within the nose and cilia lining the respiratory tract
prevents particles from entering the lungs
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
produces insulin and glucagon
The figure shown represents urine formation. What specific process is occurring at #2?
reabsorption
Which event occurs during inspiration but not expiration?
rib cage moves out and up.
Which of the following is an incorrect match?
sinuses - remove dust particles from the air
Humans are omnivores as shown by the type of
teeth they have.
Refer to the figure shown here. In structure "B"
the contents are acidic.
The primary role in digestion of the structure indicated by "C" in the figure shown here is
the production of digestion enzymes that are released into the small intestine.
Food in the digestive tract is called chyme after
the stomach processes it.
The first step of starch digestion is performed by
the tongue mixing food with saliva which contains amylase
During respiration in fish, what percentage of dissolved oxygen in absorbed?
80-90%