biology homework 3-22-22

A child is born with a hole in his heart between the left and right ventricles. This condition must be immediately corrected with surgery because the hole ________.

allows mixing of both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, which reduces oxygen delivery to tissues

The path to a myocardial infarction starts with a fat-filled plaque blocking a coronary artery. This condition is called ________.

ateriosclerosis

To which of the following substances does hemoglobin most readily bind?

carbon monoxide

In terms of public health, the major lethal effect of smoking is ________.

cardiovascular disease

Which of the following causes blood to move through veins?

contraction of skeletal muscle

Emeliano was flying nonstop from Los Angeles to Tokyo on an important business trip — more than 14 hours in the air. As a result of sitting with his legs bent not being able to walk around, which of the following circulatory conditions does he risk having?

deep vein thrombosis

Which of the following characterizes blood flow through capillaries?

enormous total cross-sectional area, but narrow so that blood cells pass slowly

Which of the following lifestyle changes might be used to treat or prevent high blood pressure?

exercise regularly

An embolus could block blood flow to the ________, resulting in a myocardial infarction, or it may block blood in the ________ and cause a stroke

heart; brain

Which protein transports oxygen in the bloodstream?

hemoglobin

Which of the following is true of diabetes mellitus type 1?

Patients always require insulin.

Tunde is worried that she has diabetes since a lot of her family has it. Which of the following blood findings would set her mind most at ease?

90 mg/dl glucose

When these valves open, blood goes from the atria to the ventricles.

AV valves

Your friend Matti accidentally injected himself with double the correct dosage of insulin. He has collapsed. Quick! It's all up to you. What do you do?

Give him glucagon.

Which of the following is caused by nicotine in cigarette smoke?

Nicotine causes all of the above.

All forms of diabetes mellitus involve defects in the production or function of insulin. The result of this defect in insulin is ________.

a buildup of glucose in the bloodstream

Shabir has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 and will have his blood tested within the next 2 weeks. He has been warned by his physician to stay on a specific diet, but he loves desserts that are not on his recommended treatment plan. You see him eating a huge piece of birthday cake, and when questioned, he says that his doctor will never know because he will fast for a few days before his blood glucose test and fool the physician. What blood test might the physician order to detect Shabir's deception?

hemoglobin A1c

This is the major cause of type 2 diabetes.

insulin resistance

Which of these conditions is a cancer that causes uncontrolled division of white blood cells, such that the number of cells greatly increases?

leukemia

George is stuck out in the hot, dry desert without any water, and he is sweating a lot. Which of these components of the blood should decrease?

plasma

Which of the following is a likely side effect of gestational diabetes?

preeclampsia

If a person were to receive such a high dose of radiation that all of the cells were to die in this area, anemia would develop. This place is the ________.

red bone marrow

You are worried about your friend Mary, a type 1 diabetic. She is nauseated, short of breath, tired, and confused. She says not to worry because she just has a case of the flu. What diagnostic test should you urge her to perform to make sure that there is nothing more serious going on?

urinary ketones

Which of the following is (are) found in many veins that help direct blood flow in one direction only: toward the heart?

valves

These vessels take the blood back most directly to the heart.

veins