Biomedical Technology Quia Questions

What percentage of animals used in biomedical research are rodent?

90%-95%

The Animal Welfare Act was originally written to protect the use of:

All animals except birds, rats, and mice

The law or act that requires the humane and responsible treatment of animals that are used in biomedical research is the:

Animal Welfare Act

Which serve as the best surrogates to use for research because of their close similarities to human structures and functions?

Animals

Julio is a researcher and has been assigned to collect statistical data on the Zika virus. What level of research is he working on if his findings will be used to develop a vaccine or new treatment?

Applied

The use of mice in biomedical research most frequently occurs at which level?

Applied

Which type of research is directed towards specific objectives and is conducted using animals and other non animal models such as computers and tissue cultures?

Applied research

Which type of research method may be conducted on either animals, humans, computer models, or tissue cultures?

Applied research

Which level of biomedical research is considered a foundation or "building block" level?

Basic

Which area of science studies biological life processes and the causes for disease?

Biomedical research

Which animal group is used least often in laboratory research?

Cats and dogs

Which medical development used to treat children battling leukemia was made possible by animal research?

Chemotherapy

Which type of research involves human subjects and is conducted after other forms of research have already taken place?

Clinical research

A major disadvantage of epidemiological studies is that:

Considerable human exposure can take place before a toxic effect is detectable

Which group is often given a placebo or inactive substance when a new medication is tested in biomedical research?

Control

An experimental medication is being tested on research mice. To obtain the most accurate results, the test should include an experimental group and a/an:

Control group

descriptive epidemiological studies identify:

Correlations

The FBI had described the tactics of the Animal Liberation Front (ALF) as:

Domestic terrorism

Which study, performed earlier this century, established that the fourteenth-century Black Plague was spread from rats to humans via fleas?

Epidemiological

Which term best describes the study of disease incidence and its distribution in the population?

Epidemioogy

Which type of epidemiological study is greatly limited by ethical and legal considerations?

Experimental

Which type of study is the human equivalent of animal testing and is administered by providing or withholding a substance to determine its toxic or beneficial effects?

Experimental epidemiology

Epidemiology studies may be divided up into three general types:

Experimental, descriptive, and observational

The agency that requires all prescription and over-the-counter drugs to be tested on animals before being tested on humans is the:

FDA

In order for scientific findings to be valid and useful, research animals must be:

Healthy and protected from undue stress

The Animal Welfare Act states that the use of animals must be reviewed and approved by which organization?

IACUC

Which agency approves the use of animals in research?

IACUC

Valid and useful scientific findings are obtainable only when research animals are:

In a normal, healthy state

Scientists are currently conducting studies in vitro. Where are these studies most likely taking place?

In a petri dish or test tube

Stan is working with a type of research study with some limitations. This study cannot respond to other functions within a living organism or whole body systems. This type of research can be identified as:

In vitro

Scientists will have the opportunity to analyze their research over longer periods of time if animals have a longer:

Life span

When a researcher anticipates that an animal may experience pain during a procedure, the researcher:

Makes every effort to ensure the animal does not feel discomfort

Which animal, most often used in medical research, has a short life span, breeds easily, and is biologically similar to humans?

Mice

What is the main goal of animal research guidelines?

Minimize pain and distress of animals

During biomedical research using animals, a control group was given a placebo. This group will most likely have what type of response?

No response

What research method is the best known surrogate for humans in the laboratory?

Nonhuman animal models

Animal research is only valid if the animals are:

Not stressed out and are healthy

Which animal rights group stages controversial public demonstrations with activists dressed in attention-getting suits?

PETA

Which phase of clinical research is used to determine a drug's interaction with the human system, involves a small number of healthy volunteers, and usually takes around one year to finish?

Phase 1

During which phase of clinical trials is the safety and effectiveness of a medication tested on the greatest number and variety of participants?

Phase 3

What stage of clinical trials involves extensive testing, using around 1,000-3,000 subjects, with the overall purpose of determining a drug's efficacy and adverse reactions?

Phase 3

The FDA requires laboratory animal testing be conducted for which products before being tested on humans

Prescription and over-the-counter drugs

The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) applies to all:

Public and private research facilities

Animals that were not included in the original Animal Welfare Act include:

Rats, mice, and birds

Chemical, mechanical, and computer simulations are effective research methods but cannot:

Replace laboratory testing on animals

Research experiments that use animals as models should be set-up using the three Rs, which are:

Replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals

The American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) is an organization that:

Requires accreditation of animal research facilities

The AWA requires all research facilities to establish an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). This committee is responsible for:

Reviewing and approving procedures involving animals

Which disease was eradicated in the United States due to animal research, and children are no longer required to have its vaccine to enter public school?

Smallpox

Human intolerance and discrimination of animals is known as:

Speciesm

Regenerative medicine is developed using:

Stem cells

Totipotent stem cells

Stem cells that can differentiate into any type of specialised cells found in organisms of that species.

The main difference between animal rights and animal welfare is that people who support animal rights believe:

That humans should not interfere with the lives of animals

Which indicator would make research using animals valid?

The animals are not placed in a stressful environment

Every effort is made to ensure the animals are pain free during the research process unless:

The pain medicine will interfere with the results

The Animal Welfare Act was passed in 1966 specifically to govern:

The use of animals in research, testing, and teaching

Which statement best describes the usefulness of animals in biomedical research?

They are similar to humans in their reactions and responses because they have similar biological structures

Animals are used in biomedical research because:

They are the best surrogates because of their similarities to humans.

A major university is using animals to study multiple sclerosis. What agency must make annual unannounced inspections of this biomedical research lab?

USDA

Which agency enforces the Animal Welfare Act?

USDA

Which agency is in charge of enforcing laws that regulate the use of animals in a research testing facility?

USDA

Which organization conducts unannounced inspections of animal research facilities?

USDA

An example of reduction in animal research is:

substituting 1 rabbit for 100 mice

An example of reduction in animal research is:

substituting in vitro tests.