Breast Sonosim Mastery Test

The upper outer quadrant of the breast typically contains the highest quantity of glandular tissue, as compared to the other quadrants of the breast.

True

When little fat is present within the mammary layer of the breast, the breast has a relatively uniform echogenic appearance.

True

The aging (postmenopausal) female breast __________.

will contain more fatty tissue and less glandular tissue, as compared to a pubertal breast

Which of the following is considered a layer of the breast?

A and B only A. Subcutaneous B. Mammary

In the provided breast image, which of the following is correct?

A and B only a. The area beneath Arrow 1 is termed an acoustic shadow. b. Arrow 2 identifies a superficial fascial layer. c. Arrow 3 identifies a deep fascial layer. d. A and B only e. A and C only

Which of the following correctly describes tissues within the breast?

A and B only a. The breast is organized and held together by a framework of fibers called Cooper's ligaments. b. Breast parenchymal tissue is partially glandular and produces milk during lactation. c. A breast lobe is the most basic unit of functional breast tissue. d. All of the above e. A and B only

Which of the following is a normal anatomical variant of breast anatomy?

A and C only a. Fatty breast b. Mastitis c. Fibrocystic breast d. A and C only e. None of the above

Which of the following statements best describes relevant aspects of breast ultrasound imaging?

A and C only a. Optimizing patient and breast positioning is an important part of breast sonography. b. Standoff pads and/or application of copious coupling gel play no role in breast sonography. c. Optimizing gain and preset parameter selection is an important component of breast sonography. d. All of the above e. A and C only

Which of the following should be done when preparing a patient for breast imaging?

A and C only a. The patient should be placed in a supine position that attempts to flatten the breast. b. The ipsilateral arm should be brought across the body to the contralateral hip. c. The ipsilateral arm should be raised, with the hand positioned above the head. d. All of the above e. A and C only

When performing breast sonography of a targeted, specific lesion __________.

A and C only a. center the probe over the area of interest and scan in two orthogonal planes b. one must use a radial and anti-radial scanning approach c. meticulously label the side, location, and probe orientation of the images and note suspicious findings d. All of the above e. A and C only

Which of the following statements is correct?

All of the Above A. Arrow 1 identifies the superficial fascial layer within the breast. b. Arrow 2 identifies the mammary layer within the breast. c. Arrow 3 identifies the pectoralis muscle layer. d. All of the above e. A and C only

Which of the following is an appropriate consideration when choosing a transducer for breast sonography?

All of the Above a. Superficial structures should be imaged using a high-frequency transducer. b. Optimal imaging of large breasts may require use of a lower frequency ultrasound probe. c. Linear transducers have an ideal physical footprint for breast imaging. d. All of the above e. A and C only

Which of the following statements regarding the sonographic appearance of the subcutaneous layer of breast tissue is correct?

All of the Above a. The subcutaneous layer is seen externally (superficially) to the mammary layer. b. Oblique hyperechoic linear elements, known as Cooper's ligaments, may occasionally be seen within it. c. The subcutaneous layer appears more hypoechoic than the mammary layer in younger patients. d. All of the above e. None of the above

Prolactin __________.

All of the Above a. stimulates milk production b. is released by the pituitary gland c. is a hormone d. All of the above e. B and C only

The breast's lactiferous ducts __________.

All of the Above a. typically converge at the nipple b. are surrounded by a connective tissue layer that varies in thickness c. have greater size variability during lactation d. All of the above e. None of the above

Which of the following is true regarding venous and lymphatic drainage from the breast?

All of the above a. The veins typically run parallel to the arteries within the breast. b. A majority of breast lymphatic vessels drain to lymph nodes within the axilla. c. The lymphatic vessels typically course and flow in the same direction as the veins. d. All of the above e. None of the above

The arrow in this breast ultrasound image points to which listed structure?

C. Muscle

The arrow in this breast ultrasound image points to which listed structure?

Skin

The anatomic structures denoted by the arrowheads in this breast ultrasound image __________.

Wrong answer a. produce milk during lactation b. are composed of dense connective tissue c. are a normal component of the mammary layer d. All of the above e. None of the above

The retromammary layer __________.

c. is located anteriorly (superficially) to pectoralis muscles, ribs, and intercostal musculature