Cancer EAQ

The nurse is conducting a teaching session for a patient who will have a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy to determine the presence of cancer cells. Which is the most appropriate statement by the nurse?

"A small-gauge needle is used to remove cells for cytologic examination."

the nurse is preparing a patient for diagnostic testing. the patient reports being anxious about the possibility of cancer. which response would the nurse make?

"Here is information about the biopsy."

Which tumor feature is known if a patient has been diagnosed with stage II cervical cancer?

It has spread locally.

which patient statements indicate a correct understanding of ways to prevent cancer

"I will limit my alcohol intake." "I will use sunscreen when outdoors." "I will reduce my fatty food consumption."

For which reason would a patient with cancer have an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level?

"It may be newly formed due to altered expression of protooncogenes."

which statement would the nurse use to explain the loss of contact inhibition in cancer cells?

"The cells grow on top of one another

Which statements should the nurse include when conducting a teaching session regarding gender differences related to cancer?

"The mortality rate of lung cancer is higher in men than in women." "The cancer with the highest incidence among men is prostate cancer." "Head and neck cancers occur more frequently in men than in women."

The registered nurse is teaching student nurses about cancer cell proliferation. Which statement by a student nurse indicates a need for further teaching?

"The proliferation rate of cancer cells is faster than normal cells."

The community nurse is teaching preventive cancer measures to a group of people. Which statements indicate effective learning by the participants? Select all that apply.

"We should avoid smoked and salt-cured meats." "We should add whole grains and fiber foods in our diet." "We should be familiar with our family history regarding health."

The nurse is educating a group of adolescents about the prevention of skin cancer. Which information would the nurse include regarding sun protection?

"You should use a sunscreen of SPF 15."

which explanation would the nurse provide to a patient who will have an excisional biopsy

"You will have a surgical procedure to remove the entire lesion."

The patient and his family are upset that the patient is going through procedures to diagnose cancer. What nursing actions should the nurse use first to facilitate their coping with this situation (select all that apply)?

- Maintain hope. - Exhibit a caring attitude. - Be available to listen to fears and concerns.

which information regarding the incidence and death rates of cancer is accurate?

-african americans have a higher death rate from cancer than whites-thyroid cancer is more prevalent in women than in men -more men than women die from cancer -related deaths each year

Which cancer diagnosis for a female patient is most likely to cause death? 1. Lung cancer 2. Breast cancer 3. Uterine cancer 4. Pancreatic cancer

1. Lung cancer

a patient's diagnostic results indicate the presence of chondrosarcoma. which interpretation of the result would the nurse make

A malignant tumor in cartilage

a patient is suspected of having ovarian cancer. Which oncofetal antigen would the nurse anticipate seeing when the lab results return

CA-125

the nurse is preparing a patient to have a biopsy. Which term on the surgical permit indicates a process that could improve localization during the biopsy

CT

The diagnostic reports of a patient indicate cancer in the pancreas and gallbladder. Which oncofetal antigen is specific for this type of cancer?

Carbohydrate antigen-19-9 (CA-19-9)

A patient is awaiting breast biopsy results. The patient's family history includes a sister and mother with breast cancer. The patient has a history of multiple breast biopsies. Which nursing action will most help alleviate this patient's anxiety?

Correct misconceptions by providing evidence-based answers to questions.

a nurse is teaching a group of patients who are high risk for developing cancer due to family history. Which agents should the nurse describe as cancer-promoting

Dietary fats Cigarette smoking Alcohol consumption

which method would the nurse recommend to prevent cancer

Eating a diet high in fiber Maintaining a healthy weight Participating in regular exercise

A patient has been diagnosed with Burkitt's lymphoma. Which exposure would the nurse expect to find in the patient's history?

Epstein-Barr virus

A patient with a cancer diagnosis is undergoing excisional biopsy. Which anatomic specimen may be removed during the procedure? Select all that apply.

Nodule Lymph node Entire lesion

a patient has a tumor of the skin that has increased in size to 3 cm. whcih stage could this tumor be

T4

A patient is in the promotion stage of cancer development. What action can the nurse take to facilitate cancer prevention?

Teach the patient about factors to avoid.

A patient is diagnosed with carcinoma in situ. Which tumor classification would the nurse observe on the health record?

Tis

Which tumor feature would the nurse expect when a patient's histology report mentions grade IV tumors? a. Undifferentiated b. Well differentiated c. Poorly differentiated d. Moderately differentiated

a. Undifferentiated

which condition is present in a patient who has a grade IV histologic tumor

anaplasia

which immune response cells produce antibodies that are often detectable in serum and saliva

b cells

Which diagnostic tool would the nurse expect to include in the plan of care for a patient who may have leukemia?

bone marrow aspiration

which type of cancer produces excess epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)?

breast

a patient is suspected of having state 2 cancer, which procedure will the nurse prepare the patient for

excisional biopsy

which health history question would help the nurse determine a patient's risk for cancer related to inflammation

how do you manage your ulcerative colitis

for which type of lesion would the patient have a tissue sample of cytologic examination collected through a laparotomy

not easily reached

which tumor suppressor gene mutation would increase a patients risk for liver cancer

p53 gene

Which method will the nurse explain to a patient as being the only definitive way to diagnose cancer?

pathologic evaluation

a patient is awaiting the results of a diagnostic study for cancer. which intervention would hte nurse use to help decrease the patients anxiety

provide written info in simple terms to the patient and family

which is the term that desribes when cancer cells produce more than 2 cells at the time of mitosis

pyramid effect

which recommendation would the nurse make when educating a patient about the early detection of cancer

routine screenings

which info in the health history indicates that a patient has a complete carcinogen risk factor for the development of cancer

smoking

a patient with breast cancer has tender vertebrae and intense back pain that gets worse with the valsalva maneuver. which complications would the nurse suspect

spinal cord compression