CCS week 6 quiz
In Gainesville, about what percent of the summer will be in a heat wave (temperatures beyond 3-sigma from mean) by the end of the century, as predicted by RCP8.5?
80
When did the carbon cycle first begin to appear in climate models?
1990s
According to the Dire Prediction reading this week, Which of these is NOT predicted by climate models? increased winter preciitation in polar and subpolar regions increaed precipitation near the equator All of these are predicted decreased summer precipitation in middle latitudes decreased precipitation in the subtropics
All of these are predicted
According to the Dire Prediction reading this week, The projected poleward shift in the jet streams will cause increased precipitation in the middle latitudes (30-60 degrees north and south). True False
False
If atmospheric CO2 composition were held constant at 2000 levels, the average global surface temperatures would stabilize at its present level. True False
False
Which of these scenario results in the highest CO2 concentrations in 2100? RCP 8.5 RCP 6 none of these predict future CO2 concentrations RCP 2.6 RCP 4.5
RCP 8.5
Which of these is NOT one of the basic steps in constructing a general circulation climate model? Developing the computer code Running the model with different sets of initial conditions Building a 3-D map of the Earth's climate system Making the model run through time
Running the model with different sets of initial conditions
Climate models predict that, due to global warming, El Nino will become.....
Uncertain, the models don't agree
GCMs that coupled the atmosphere and the ocean ('Coupled Climate Models')were first available in the late 1970s. True False
True
Models show that rainfall will be generally greater than present day in the tropics by 2100. True False
True
Most models project temperature increases that will be higher over land than over water. T/F
True
Which of these is NOT one of the basic steps in constructing and running a general circulation climate model?
Tune the model parameters so it predicts expected future conditions
Which statement best reflects model predictions of precipitation trends over the next century? Wet regions will get dryer, dry regions will get wetter There are no general statements that can be made on this topic Wet regions will get wetter, dry regions will get dryer Most regions will get dryer Most regions will get wetter
Wet regions will get wetter, dry regions will get dryer
most models project that surface temperatures will increase the most in which part of the world?
arctic
which of these was a new element incorporated into the models used for the 2007 IPCC AR4 as compared to the 2001 model?
atmosphere chemistry
The example of the thunderstorm life cycle illustrated what type of model?
conceptual
which of these is NOT one of the immediate goals when constructing a climate model?
condense large amounts of data into summary parameters
Which of these is NOT one of the 3 general types of models? mathematical conceptual elemental physical
elemental
What does one call the smallest unit used in any climate model?
grid cell
The possibility that future human CO2 emissions will produce a scenario similar to the RCP2.6 is
highly uncertain
Dire Predictions lists key features of the actual climate that current models do a good job of reproducing. which of the following is NOT in that list?
hurricanes
Which of the following has high relevance when running an NWP model? ocean dynamics clouds and radiation initial conditions type of surface
initial conditions
which of the following conditions has low relevance when running a gcm?
initial conditions
RCP6 is a scenario in which, by the year 2100, __________ will be 6 times that of the early 20th century.
radiative forcing
If atmosphere CO2 concentrations were held constant, over the next century average global temperature, would likely
rise another 1 degree C
the RCP (emissions scenario) that is mostly to occur depends upon all EXCEPT
solar output variability
For modelers, the term 'Climate sensitivity' specifically refers to:
the amount of warming that would occur in response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2
which of these is NOT one of the ways that our climate models have been validated?
they have successfully predicted the future climate
climate model simulations must include both natural and human factors to best represent the observed pattern of surface warming. T/F
true
What example is given for a mathematical model?
volume