Cellular Regulation

The nurse is describing some of the major characteristics of cancer to a patient who has recently received a diagnosis of malignant melanoma. When differentiating between benign and malignant cancer cells, the nurse should explain differences in which of the following aspects? Select all that apply.

Ability to spread Rate of growth Ability to cause death

A 50-year-old man diagnosed with leukemia will begin chemotherapy. What would the nurse do to combat the most common adverse effects of chemotherapy?

Administer an antiemetic

A nurse is assisting with conducting a health promotion program to community members regarding testicular cancer.The nurse determines that further teaching is needed if a community member states that which of the following is a sign of testicular cancer?

Alopecia

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note specifically in this disorder?

Increased calcium level.

Antineoplastic drugs destroy human cells. They are most likely to cause cell death among healthy cells that :

Are rapidly turning over.

An oncology nurse is caring for a patient who has developed erythema following radiation therapy. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do?

Avoid using soap on the treatment area.

The hospice nurse visits a client dying of ovarian cancer. During the visit, the client expresses that "If I can just live long enough to attend my daughter's wedding." Which phase of coping is this client experiencing?

Bargaining.

The client is diagnosed as having a bowel tumor and several diagnostic tests are prescribed. The nurse understands that which test will confirm the diagnosis of malignancy?

Biopsy of the tumor.

Cancer treatment usually occurs in several different treatment phases. In assessing the appropriateness of another round of chemotherapy for a particular client, the nurse would evaluate which of the following as most important?

Bone marrow suppression.

The clinic nurse is reviewing a teaching plan for the client receiving an antineoplastic medication. When implementing the plan, the nurse tells the client:

Consult with health care providers before receiving immunizations.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has just been given a 6-month prognosis following a diagnosis of extensive stage small-cell lung cancer. The patient states that he would like to die at home, but the team believes that the patient's care needs are unable to be met in a home environment. What might you suggest as an alternative?

Discuss a referral for hospice care.

The nurse is orienting a new nurse to the oncology unit. When reviewing the safe administration of antineoplastic agents, what action should the nurse emphasize?

Dispose of the antineoplastic wastes in the hazardous waste receptacle

The nurse is caring for a patient with an internal radiation implant. When caring for the client, the nurse should observe which of the following principles?

Do not allow pregnant women into the client's room.

When assessing the laboratory results of the client with bladder cancer and bone metastasis, the nurse notes a calcium level of 12mg/dl. The nurse recognizes that this is consistent with which oncological emergency?

Hypercalcemia.

As part of chemotherapy education, the nurse teaches a female client about the risk for bleeding and self care during the period of the greatest bone marrow suppression (nadir). The nurse understands that further teaching is needed when the client states:

I'm going to take aspirin for my headache as soon as I get home."

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client with leukemia who has received a regimen of chemotherapy.Which laboratory value would the nurse specifically note as a result of the massive cell destruction that occurs with the chemotherapy?

Increased uric acid levels

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is receiving chemotherapy and notes that the the platelet count is 10,000cells/mm3. On the basis of this laboratory value the priority action is to monitor which of the following?

Level of consciousness.

A patient newly diagnosed with cancer is scheduled to begin chemotherapy treatment and the nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about potential adverse effects. When addressing the most common adverse effect, what should the nurse describe?

Nausea and vomiting

It is important to explain to women that chemotherapeutic agents would not be used during pregnancy because:

Of potential serious adverse effects on the rapidly multiplying cells of the fetus.

The client is hospitalized for insertion of an internal cervical radiation implant. While giving care, the nurse finds the radiation implant in the bed. The initial action by the nurse is to:

Pick up the implant with long-handled forceps and place it in a lead container.

The nurse is caring for a 39-year-old woman with a family history of breast cancer. She requested a breast tumor marking test and the results have come back positive. As a result, the patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy. This surgery is an example of what type of oncologic surgery?

Prophylactic surgery

A nurse is assisting with developing a plan of care for a client who is experiencing hematological toxicity as a result of chemotherapy. The nurse suggests including which of the following in the plan of care?

Restricting fresh fruits and vegetables in the diet

The nurse on a bone marrow transplant unit is caring for a patient with cancer who is preparing for a stem cell transplant. What is a priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

Risk for infection related to altered immunologic response

The public health nurse is presenting a health-promotion class to a group at a local community center. Which intervention most directly addresses the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America?

Smoking cessation

The client is receiving external radiation to the neck for cancer of the larynx. The most likely side effect to be expected is:

Sore throat.

While a patient is receiving IV doxorubicin hydrochloride for the treatment of cancer, the nurse observes swelling and pain at the IV site. The nurse should prioritize what action?

Stopping the administration of the drug immediately

Traditionally, nurses have been involved with tertiary cancer prevention. However, an increasing emphasis is being placed on both primary and secondary prevention. What would be an example of primary prevention?

Teaching patients to wear sunscreen

A client experiences bone marrow depression as a result of chemotherapy. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?

Temperature 102F.

The nurse is assessing the colostomy of a client who has had an abdominal perineal resection for a bowel tumor. Which of the following assessment findings indicates that the colostomy is beginning to function?

The passage of flatus.

The client receiving chemotherapy is experiencing mucositis. The nurse advises the client to use which of the following as the best substance to rinse the mouth?

Weak salt and bicarbonate mouth rinse.