Ch 17 bio

Which of the following is not true of RNA processing

Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.

True or false. A tRNA with an anticodon complementary to the stop codon catalyzes the reaction by which translation is terminated.

False

True or false? A codon is a group of three bases that can specify more than one amino acid.

False

What is the process called that converts genetic info stored in DNA to an RNA copy

Transcription

The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is

complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon

In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until

several transcription factors have bound to the promoter

A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5' AGT 3'. The corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is

3' UCA 5'

At which site do new aminoacyl tRNAs enter the ribosome during elongation?

A-site

Which of the following processes occurs in eukaryotic gene expression

A cap is added to the 5' end of the mRNA

The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume which of the following?

A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.

During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 3' end of the RNA

A long string of adenine nucleotides

During elongation, which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?

A site

What is a promoter?

A site in DNA that recruits the RNA Polymerase

Which do the following processes occurs when termination of translation takes place

A stop codon is reached

Which of the following structures, if missing, would usually prevent translation from starting

AUG codon

post-translational modification of proteins may include which of the following processes

Addition of carbohydrates to form a glycoprotein

What determines which base is to be added to an RNA strand during transcription

Base pairing between the DNA template strand and the RNA nucleotides

The tRNA anticodon, GAC, is complementary to the mRNA codon with the sequence _____.

CUG

Which component is not directly involved in translation?

DNA

Which of the following is not true of codon

It extends from one end of a tRNA molecule.

What happens to RNA polymerase II after it has completed transcription of a gene?

It is free to bind to another promoter and begin transcription.

The genetic code is redundant. What is meant by this statement

More than one codon can specify the addition of the same amino acid.

Which mutation(s) would not change the remainder of the reading frame of a gene sequence that follows the mutation(s)?

One addition and one deletion mutation.

The initiator tRNA attaches at the ribosome's _____ site.

P site

Which of the following processes occurs during transcription

RNA is synthesized

Which of the following molecular structures contain codons

mRNA

What name is given to the process which pre-mRNA is edited into mRNA

RNA processing

Which one of the following statements about RNA processing is correct

Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.

Which of the following steps occurs last in the initiation phase of translation

The large ribosomal subunit joins the complex.

Best describes the promoter of a protein-coding gene

The promoter is a non-transcribed region of a gene

What is meant by translocation

The ribosome slides one codon down the mRNA.

Which of the following DNA mutations is most likely to damage the protein it specifies

a base-pair deletion

The most commonly occurring mutation in people with cystic fibrosis is a deletion of a single codon. This results in

a polypeptide missing an amino acid

What enzyme catalyzes the attachment of an amino acid to tRNA?

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Polypeptides are assembled from _____.

amino acids

Accuracy in the translation of mRNA into the primary structure of a polypeptide depends on specificity in the

bonding of the anticodon to the codon and the attachment of amino acids to tRNAs

Relationship between the newly synthesized RNA molecule and the DNA template strand

complementary

Translation occurs in the _____.

cytoplasm

If a DNA sequence is altered from TAGCTGA to TAGTGA, what kind of mutation has occurred?

deletion

The RNA segments joined to one another by spliceosomes are _____.

exons

DNA——> ___________——>Proteins

mRNA

RNA processing converts the RNA transcript into _____.

mRNA

Which nucleic acid is translated to make a protein?

mRNA

Which do the following molecules are required for the process of translation

mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA

During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 5' end of the RNA.

modified guanine nucleotide

DNA does not store the information to synthesize which of the following?

organelles

Example of post translational modification

phosphorylation

Where does translation take place?

ribosome

Spliceosomes are composed of _____.

small RNAs and proteins

What name is given to the process in which a strand of DNA is used as a template for the manufacture of a strand of pre-mRNA

transcription

Which of the following processes occurs in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes

transcription and translation occur simultaneously

What name is given to the process in which info encoded in a strand of mRNA is used to construct a protein

translation