ch.6 people and identify
Hessians
German soldiers hired by George III to smash Colonial rebellion, proved good in mechanical sense but they were more concerned about money than duty.
Haym Solomon
A Polish Jew who ran lucrative brokerages in New York City and Philadelphia
"Common Sense"
A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that claimed the colonies had a right to be an independent nation
Battle of Oriskany
A punishing defeat for Americans in a ravine named Oriskany near Fort Stanwix in New York in August 1777. German American militiamen aided by allied Oneida warriors were ambushed by Mohawk and Seneca Indians, and 500 on the revolutionary side were killed.
Baron von Steuben
A stern, Prussian drillmaster that taught American soldiers during the Revolutionary War how to successfully fight the British.
Prohibitory Act
Act of Parliament (1775) which removed British protection from the colonies.
Thomas Paine
American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England). Wrote common sense
General Horatio Gates
American general at Battle of Saratoga. Formed a new Southern army after defeat at Charles Town. Lost to Cornwallis in Camden.
John Paul Jones
American naval commander in the American Revolution (1747-1792) said " I have not yet begun to fight."
John Barry
American naval hero known for capturing British warships
Battle of Saratoga
American victory over British troops in 1777 that was a turning point in the American Revolution.
John Locke
English political theorist. Promoted"social contract theory" Gov derives power from governed. Wrote "2 treaties of gov"
Marquis de Lafayette
French soilder who became a close and valuable aid to general washington.
General Thomas Sumter
"Fighting Game Cock" they harrased british troops, interfered with their communication lines, and hid in the swamps when pursued by superior forces.
General Nathaniel Greene
Patriot of Quaker descent to replace Gates as a leader of the southern forces. Known as "Fighting Quaker"
Robert Morris
Pennsylvania superintendent of finance in 1781
William Blackstone
Published Commentaries on the Laws of England. Definition of the law of nature/ will of God
Loyalists
Remained loyal to the king
Sir Henry Clinton
Replaced Howe as commander in chief of the British forces in America. Decided to concentrate all northern british forces in one location
Goerge Rodgers Clark
Siezed british posts at Kaskasika and Cahokia in present-day Illionois.
Declaration of Independence
Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries; it declared the United States as a free state.
Francis Marion
South Carolina militia leader nicknamed the "Swamp Fox" for his hit-and-run attacks on the British during the American Revolution.
Bonhomme Richard
John Paul Jones' ship that defeated to Serapis, named after Ben Franklin's POOR RICHARD ALMANAC
Battle of Yorktown
Last major battle of the Revolutionary War. Cornwallis and his troops were trapped in the Chesapeake Bay by the French fleet. He was sandwiched between the French navy and the American army. He surrendered October 19, 1781.
Battle of Kings Mountain
Loyalists vs. Patriots. South wants to be separate from the North. Patriot victory.
Richard Henry Lee
Member of the Second Continental Congress who presented a momentous resolution to the continental congress
Joseph Bryant
Mohawk chief who led many Iroquois to fight with Britain against American revolutionaries
Admiral Lord Richard Howe
admiral of the British naval fleet that, along with Sir William Howe's British troops, captured several areas of New York
Treaty of Paris
agreement signed by British and American leaders that stated the United States of America was a free and independent contry
Molly pitcher
heroine of the American Revolution who carried water to soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth Court House and took over her husband's gun when he was overcome by heat (1754-1932)
General Nicholas Herkimer
patriot general whose troops defeated Colonel St. Leger's at the Battle of Oriskany
Goerge Washington
was the first president of the u.s. and had led american troops to victory in the revolution. Appointed commander in chief of continental army. First president.
Nathan Hale
young 22 year old who was killed (hanged) without trial said that he regretted that he only has one life to die for America.
Whigs
Those who favored independence
Sir William Howe
British General who had been forced to flee Boston with his troops in novia scott and sailed for new york city
General John Burgoyne
British general appointed by King George III to crush the rebel forces; 1777, subordinate of Howe, lead invading force down Hudson from Canada to Alabany; was present at the Battle of Saratoga
General Cornwallis
British general who fought the Patriots in the south; surrounded at Yorktown and surrendered to George Washington; who also wanted to capture genral washington
"Mad Anthony" Wayne
The leader of the army that crushed the Indians of the Northwest Territory in 1794. Was also known for his reckless courage.