Chapter 3 PSYC2501

Experiences resulting from stimulation of the senses and information from the senses that can help guide are actions are called ________

Perception

The recognition-by-components approach proposes that there are a number of basic features such as

Rectangular solids and cubes

Some perceptions result from assumptions we make about the environment that we are not even aware of. This theory of unconscious inference was developed by

Helmholtz

The process by which small objects become perceptually grouped to form larger objects is

perceptual organization

The sequence of steps that includes the image on the retina, changing the image into electrical signals, and neural processing is an example of _____ processing.

bottom-up

Gauthier and coworkers' experiment on experience-dependent plasticity showed that after extensive "Greeble recognition" training sessions, FFA neurons had a(n) _______ response to faces and an _________ response to Greebles.

decreased;increased

You look at a rope coiled on a beach and are able to perceive it as a single strand because of the law of _______

good continuation

When a double dissociation occurs, this indicates that two functions

involve different mechanisms

The landmark discrimination problem is more difficult to do if you have damage to your _____ lobe.

parietal

You are at a parade where there are a number of marching bands. You perceive the bands that are all in the same uniforms as being grouped together. The red uniforms are one band, the green uniforms another, and so forth. You have this perceptual experience because of the law of

similarity

Which of the following is an example of an effect of top-down processing?

speech-segmentation

The "indentations in the sand / bumps in the sand" example from your text illustrates

the light-from-above heuristic

A heuristic for finding a cat that is hiding somewhere in the house is

to look in the first places the cat likes to hide

If a word is identified more easily when it is in a sentence than when it is presented alone, this would be an example of _____ processing.

top-down

"Perceiving machines" are used by the U.S. Postal service to "read" the addresses on letters and sort them quickly to their correct destinations. Sometimes, these machines cannot read an address, because the writing on the envelope is not sufficiently clear for the machine to match the writing to an example it has stored in memory. Human postal workers are much more successful at reading unclear addresses, most likely because of

top-down processing