Chapter 4 Review Questions
In observing epithelial cells under a microscope, the cells are arranged in a single layer and look tall and narrow, and the nucleus is located close to the basal side of the cell. The specimen is what type of epithelial tissue?
a. columnar
The process by which a less specialized cell matures into a more specialized cell is called ____.
a. differentiation
The ______ exocrine gland stores its secretion until the glandular cell ruptures, whereas the ____ gland releases its apical region and reforms.
a. holocrine; apocrine
The cells of muscles, myocytes, develop from _____.
a. myoblasts
The cells responsible for the transmission of the nerve impulse are ____.
a. neurons
Striations, cylindrical cells, and multiple nuclei are observed in ________.
a. skeletal muscle only
Which connective tissue specializes in storage of fat?
b. adipose tissue
The nerve impulse travels down a (n) ____, away from the cell body.
b. axon
Connective tissue is made of which three essential components?
b. cells, ground substance, protein fibers
Differentiated cells in a developing embryo derive from ____.
b. ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
When a mast cell reacts to an irritation, which of the following chemicals does it release?
b. histamine
Atrophy refers to _____.
b. loss of mass
In adults, new connective tissue cells originate from the ________.
b. mesenchyme
Ligaments connect bones together and withstand a lot of stress. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain?
c. dense regular connective tissue
Which of the following is not a type of tissue?
c. embryonic
Which of the following processes is not a cardinal sign of inflammation?
c. fever
Individuals can slow the rate of aging by modifying all of these lifestyle aspects except for _____.
c. genetic factors
Which of the following is the epithelial tissue that lines the interior of blood vessels?
c. simple squamous
Which of the following central nervous system cells regulate ions, regulate the uptake and/or breakdown of some neurotransmitters, and contribute to the blood-brain barrier?
d. astrocytes
Under the microscope, a tissue specimen shows located in spaces scattered in a transparent background. This is probably ____.
d. hyaline cartilage
Skeletal muscle is composed of very hard working cells. Which organelles do you expect to find an abundance in skeletal muscle cell?
d. mitochondria
Which of the following lines the body cavities exposed to the external environment?
d. mucosa
In bone, the main cells are _____.
d. osteocytes
Which type of epithelial tissue specializes in moving particles across its surface and is found in airways and lining of the oviduct?
d. stratified squamous
