Chapter 8

Vector

A living organism such as a mosquito that transfers a pathogen from one host to another

Twoessential components that all viruses have

A outer capsid composed of protein units and an inner core of nucleic acid

Functions of bacterial capsules

Aid in sticking to surfaces. Help avoid phagocytosis

Opportunistic infection

An infection that takes advantage of a weekend immune system

Descriptions of malaria

Can be diagnosed by viewing parasites and blood. Severe anemia is possible. "Cyclical pattern of symptoms corresponds with bursting of red blood cells

HIV-1B infection

Causes more infections in the United States then HIV once he does and HIV want to be an effects helper T cells in micro figures

Biosynthesis

Cell produces viral RNA and viral proteins

Chronic

Early symptoms of illness become constant

Acute

HIV - want to be undergoes pro lithic replication

Attachment

HIV gp120 binds to CD4 receptor

HAART

Highly active antiretroviral therapy:

Prions

Infectious particle is made of only proteins

Acquired defenses

Kill infection agent does aloe dad to the body, protect against cancer

Protists

Malaria is caused by organisms of genus plasmodium(parasites) these are protists

Pilus

Many bacteria have hollow appendages called pillows that can transfer DNA between cells

Assembly

New viral particles are made

Beginning infection with any mosquito

One mosquito is infected with plasmodium from human blood to plasmodium forms male and female gametes three plasmodium undergo sexual replication for plasmodium is transmitted to humans via mosquito saliva five plasmodium are undergoes a sexual division

Steps in a typical virus replication cycle

One virus interacts with receptor on host cell service to viral DNA or RNA enters the cell three viral proteins are translated for viral components including the capsid are assembled

First responders

Phagocytic white blood cells

All bacteria are _____ that_____ a nucleus

Prokaryotes;lack

Barriers to entry

Skin and mucous membranes

Aids

T cell count drops below 200 cells per milliliter

Pathogen

The general charm for a bacteria and virus or other microbes that causes disease

Mycobacterium

Tuber cillosis is caused by a bacterial species of the genus

Viruses

Type of microbe is a parasite of cells that it's self is a cellular and bridges the gap between living and nonliving

Integration

Viral DNA inserts into host cell genome

Reverse transcription

Viral RNA genome converted into DNA

Fusion/entry

Viral envelope fuses with host cell, I HIV RNA is released

Budding

Virus exits host cell