Comet, Meteors, Asteroids

What is the composition/parts of a comet?

Comets are composed of ice and dust. They have a body and a tail.

What is the difference between a meteoroid, meteor, and a meteorite?

Meteroid-small space rock within the solar system. Meteor-rock that has encountered a planet or moon's atmosphere and is burning up. Meteorite-if rock doesn't completely burn up and make contact with a planet or moon's surface.

Where do asteroids reside?

Mostly in the 'Asteroid Belt' between Mars and Jupiter.

Where do comets reside?

The Kuiper Belt or Oort Cloud beyond Neptune's orbit.

Which direction is the tail pointing in relation to the Sun?

The comet's tail is allows pointing away from the Sun.

What was is the main goal of the Rosetta/Philae mission?

To explore the comet's composition to see if it provided Earth/Solar System with raw materials for our composition/development.