CSCI 1101 Final Questions

Which of the following does data represent?

All of the above

Which of the following is a kind of input that computers can accept?

All of the above

In a computer, most processing takes place in a component called the ______________________________, which is sometimes described as the "brain" of the computer.

CPU central processing unit central processing unit (CPU)

Data is processed in the ____.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Case 1 Susan is researching how a computer represents words and letters. She has learned that computers employ several types of codes to represent character data, including ASCII, EDCDIC, and Unicode. Susan needs a code to represent character data boxes and graphical symbols. She should use the ____ code.

Extended ASCII

A computer that you use to play a 3-D action game has a vastly different instruction set than the computer that your grandmother uses to type e-mail messages.

False

A handheld computer, with add-ons, is powerful enough to handle all of the tasks performed by a desktop computer.

False

A multiplexor is a circuit that has 2^N output lines.

False

A personal computer, workstation, or software that requests data from a server is referred to as a customer.

False

A strictly black/white image has greater storage requirements than an image represented using a gray scale.

False

A(n) megabyte is 1,024 bytes.

False

ASCII mapping is the process of assigning a printable letter in our alphabet a unique number.

False

After we normalize a number, its first significant digit is immediately to the left of the binary point. (underlined left)

False

Although you might be asked to provide your own password, typically you are assigned one.

False

Concatenation is the process of converting text, numbers, sound, photos, and video into data that can be processed by digital devices.

False

Digital divide is a term that refers to entities that exist largely within computer networks.

False

Human speech cannot be digitized.

False

Information is stored in the memory of a computer using the decimal numbering system.

False

Memory is the area where data can be left on a permanent basis when it is not immediately needed for processing.

False

Storage is the area of a computer that temporarily holds data that is waiting to be processed, stored, or output.

False

The Boolean AND is a(n) unary operator.

False

The binary-to-decimal algorithm is based on successive divisions by 2.

False

The emitter and collector are the two input lines of a transistor.

False

The sum-of-products algorithm always produces an optimal circuit.

False

To construct an AND gate, two transistors are connected in parallel.

False

Case 4 Because they can be a little expensive and he is still paying off his student loans, Jim is interested in learning as much as he can about handheld devices before purchasing one. He wants to know about their limitations, their history, and their potential Which of the following is NOT true of an iPod?

It is designed for users to add software

Case 3 Sometimes it is hard to define precisely what kind of computing device a particular machine is—the lines are sometimes a little blurry. Help to identify these types of computing devices. What keeps Sony's PlayStation from being referred to as a personal computer?

Its history as a dedicated game device

Case 3 Sometimes it is hard to define precisely what kind of computing device a particular machine is—the lines are sometimes a little blurry. Help to identify these types of computing devices. Which of the following is true of a server?

Just about any personal computer can be configured to perform the work of a server

____ schemes compress data in a way that does not guarantee that all of the information in the original data can be fully and completely recreated.

Lossy compression

The ____ operation complements the value of a Boolean expression.

NOT

At which of the following would you use your low-security password?

None of the above

____ is a circuit construction algorithm.

Sum-of-products

A handheld computer is sometimes called a PDA.

True

A mainframe is a large and expensive computer, capable of simultaneously processing data for hundreds or thousands of users.

True

A password is a series of characters that verifies the user ID and guarantees that you are the person you claim to be.

True

A(n) integrated circuit is a super-thin slice of semiconducting material packed with microscopic circuit elements such as wires, transistors, capacitors, logic gates, and resistors.

True

An integrated circuit, also known as a(n) chip, is mounted on a circuit board. (underlined chip)

True

Application software is a set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task.

True

Cache memory system inside the CPU is implemented for data as well as for code instructions.

True

Computers advertised as workstations are usually powerful desktop computers designed for high-performance tasks.

True

Data travels along a bus with n bits running in parallel, where the bus is n bits wide. In modern architectures n is equal to 64 bits.

True

Every Boolean expression can be represented pictorially as a circuit diagram, and every output value in a circuit diagram can be written as a Boolean expression.

True

Images can be digitized by treating them as a series of colored dots.

True

Images such as photos, pictures, line art, and graphs are not small, discrete objects like numbers or the letters of the alphabet.

True

In a(n) analog representation, objects can take on any value. (underlined analog)

True

Just about any personal computer can be configured to perform the work of a server.

True

Programs that control digital devices are usually written in a high-level programming language, such as C, Basic, COBOL, or Java.

True

Requests from hardware devices are called interrupts.

True

The Basic Input-Output System (BIOS) is a collection of low-level subroutines that communicate directly with hardware devices.

True

The arithmetic logic unit performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operations.

True

The control unit (CU) coordinates the sequencing of steps involved in executing machine instructions.

True

The machine cycle also called CPU cycle is a 4 process cycle that includes reading and interpreting the machine language, executing the code and then storing that code.

True

The main busses in a Von Neumann architecture are for data, addresses and units control.

True

There is no theoretical reason why one could not build a "decimal" computer, but computers use binary representation for reasons of reliability.

True

Today, just about every computer uses one or more microprocessors as its CPU.

True

Two's complement representation is a signed integer representation that does not suffer from the problem of two zeros.

True

What is the limitation keeping you from editing an intense scene from a family-oriented Harry Potter film?

U.S. laws against such modifications, even for private viewing

Case 1 Susan is researching how a computer represents words and letters. She has learned that computers employ several types of codes to represent character data, including ASCII, EDCDIC, and Unicode. The ____ code would be best for representing Russian Cyrillic letters.

Unicode

A ____ is one or more collaborative documents posted on the Web that can be viewed and changed by users.

Wiki

A(n) ____ device works with continuous data.

analog

The ALU stands for _________________________.

arithmetic logic unit

A(n) ____ protocol refers to any method that confirms a person's identity using something the person knows.

authentication

After you use a "forgot my password" link, if your identity checks out, your password is ____ to you.

e-mailed

The way information is represented by humans and the way it is entered at the keyboard is known as the ____ of information.

external representation

A ____ is a named collection of data that exists on a storage medium.

file

A(n) ____ is a circuit that performs binary addition on two unsigned N-bit integers.

full adder

An iPAQ, a Blackberry, and an Axim are examples of a ____ computer.

handheld

The difference between data and information is that ____.

information is presented in a format that people can understand and use

A(n) ____ circuit is a super-thin slice of semiconducting material packed with microscopic circuit elements such as wires, transistors, capacitors, logic gates, and resistors.

integrated

A ____ is 1,024 bits.

kilobit

After a compiler converts source code into the 0s and 1s that correspond to instructions in the microprocessor's instruction set, the end product is called ____ code.

machine

An iPod or similar device is classified as a(n) portable ____________________ player.

media

Any whole number that can be represented in base 10 can also be represented in base 2, although it may take ____ digits.

more

A(n) ____ code is a command word for an operation such as add, compare, or jump.

op

A(n) ____ system is essentially the master controller for all of the activities that take place within a computer.

operating

A ____ computer is a type of microprocessor-based computing device that is designed to meet the needs of an individual.

personal

A(n) ____ is a distinct point located on an image's surface.

pixel

The ALU uses ____ to hold data that is being processed.

registers

A multiplexor chooses one specific input by using an additional set of N lines called ____ lines.

selector

Silicon and germanium are ____.

semiconducting materials or semiconductors

Transistors are constructed from ____, such as silicon and gallium arsenide.

semiconductors

Using the leftmost bit of a number to represent the sign, with 0 meaning positive and 1 meaning negative is termed ____ notation.

sign/magnitude

In a modern computer, the idea of a(n) ____________________ program means that a series of instructions for a computing task can be loaded into a computer's memory.

stored

Which of the following makes a computer a multipurpose machine?

stored programs

A computer falls into the ____ category if it is, at the time of construction, one of the fastest computers in the world.

supercomputer

What are the four steps of the sum-of-products algorithm?

truth table construction, subexpression construction using AND and NOT gates, subexpression combination using OR gates, circuit diagram production

All of the following are numeric data EXCEPT ____.

your Social Security number

The total number of ____ per second is called hertz.

cycles

A(n) ____ device works with discrete data or digits, such as 1 or 0.

digital

A multiplexor is a circuit that has 2^N input lines and ____ output line(s).

1

The True Color scheme uses ____ bits.

24

ASCII is able to encode a total of ____ different characters.

256

UNICODE is able to encode a total of ____ different characters.

65,536

Case 4 Because they can be a little expensive and he is still paying off his student loans, Jim is interested in learning as much as he can about handheld devices before purchasing one. He wants to know about their limitations, their history, and their potential Which of the following is currently preventing a single device from integrating all of the features possible for a handheld device?

battery life

Computers represent numeric data using the ____ number system.

binary

The ____ is the number of bits used to encode each sample.

bit depth

A ____ attack exhausts all possible keys to decrypt a password.

brute force

A personal computer that requests data from a server is called a ____.

client

A(n) ____ converts all the statements in a program in a single batch, resulting in a collection of instructions called object code.

compiler

A computer is a server if the ____.

computer can be configured to perform the work of a server