Database Midterm 1
3) Metadata are data that describe the properties of other data
T
1) A requirement to begin designing physical files and databases is: A) normalized relations. B) definitions of each attribute. C) technology descriptions. D) all of the above.
d
10) A good data definition will describe all of the characteristics of a data object EXCEPT: A) subtleties. B) examples. C) who determines the value of the data. D) who can delete the data.
d
11) Organizations that utilize the file processing approach spend as much as ________ of their IS development budget on maintenance. A) 40 percent B) 25 percent C) 60 percent D) 80 percent
d
3) The common types of entities are: A) strong entities. B) weak entities. C) associative entities. D) all of the above
d
17) Database development projects are never done in a bottom-up fashion
f
19) The steps of the systems development life cycle can only be viewed as a linear process
f
5) A constraint is a rule in a database system that can be violated by users
f
7) Reduced program maintenance is an advantage of file processing systems
f
9) The term legacy system refers to a newly installed database management system
f
9) Which of the following is a completeness constraint? A) Total specialization B) Partial generalization C) Total recall D) Partial hybridization
a
1) Which of the following is a generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes? A) Megatype B) Supertype C) Subgroup D) Class
b
10) Because applications are often developed independently in file processing systems: A) the data is always non-redundant. B) unplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than the exception. C) data can always be shared with others. D) there is a large volume of file I/O.
b
13) An entity type whose existence depends on another entity type is called a ________ entity. A) strong B) weak C) codependent D) variant
b
13) The ________ rule specifies that each entity instance of the supertype must be a member of some subtype in the relationship. A) semi-specialization B) total specialization C) partial specialization D) total convergence
b
14) The following figure shows an example of: A) a one-to-many relationship. B) a strong entity and its associated weak entity. C) a co-dependent relationship. D) a double-walled relationship.
b
14) ________ are established between entities in a well-structured database so that the desired information can be retrieved. A) Entities B) Relationships C) Lines D) Ties
b
15) A(n) ________ is the relationship between a weak entity type and its owner. A) member chain B) identifying relationship C) jump path D) chain link
b
16) The ________ rule specifies that an entity can be a member of only one subtype at a time. A) exclusion B) disjoint C) removal D) inclusion
b
18) An attribute that must have a value for every entity (or relationship) instance is a(n): A) composite attribute. B) required attribute. C) optional attribute. D) multivalued attribute.
b
2) A key decision in the physical design process is: A) knowing the user base. B) selecting structures. C) deciding on the monitor. D) all of the above
b
2) Older systems that often contain data of poor quality are called ________ systems. A) controlled B) legacy C) database D) mainframe
b
2) The logical representation of an organization's data is called a(n): A) database model. B) entity-relationship model. C) relationship systems design. D) database entity diagram.
b
21) ________ is a tool even non-programmers can use to access information from a database. A) ODBC B) Structured query language C) ASP D) Data manipulation query language
b
24) A rule that CANNOT be violated by database users is called a: A) password. B) constraint. C) program. D) view.
b
28) The need for consensus on data definitions is an example of which type of risk in the database environment? A) Specialized personnel needs B) Organizational conflict C) Conversion costs D) Legacy systems
b
29) A knowledge base of information on facts about an enterprise is called a(n): A) enterprise information system. B) repository. C) systems information unit. D) database process.
b
3) Designing physical files requires ________ of where and when data are used in various ways. A) maps B) descriptions C) keys D) hints
b
7) All of the following are properties of metadata EXCEPT: A) data definitions. B) processing logic. C) rules or constraints. D) data structures.
b
9) A fact is an association between two or more: A) words. B) terms. C) facts. D) nuggets
b
1) One application of data warehouses is: A) shipping of information. B) order processing. C) decision support. D) file updating.
c
11) The ________ rule specifies that an entity instance of a supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype. A) semi-specialization B) total specialization C) partial specialization D) disjointedness
c
14) A ________ constraint is a type of constraint that addresses whether an instance of a supertype must also be an instance of at least one subtype. A) disjoint B) overlap C) completeness D) weak
c
15) Relational databases establish the relationships between entities by means of common fields included in a file called a(n): A) entity. B) relationship. C) relation. D) association.
c
16) An entity type name should be all of the following EXCEPT: A) concise. B) specific to the organization. C) as short as possible. D) a singular noun
c
17) A(n) ________ is often developed by identifying a form or report that a user needs on a regular basis. A) enterprise view B) reporting document C) user view D) user snapshot
c
19) A user view is: A) what a user sees when he or she looks out the window. B) a table or set of tables. C) a logical description of some portion of the database. D) a procedure stored on the server.
c
20) An attribute of an entity that must have a value for each entity instance is a(n): A) optional attribute. B) composite attribute. C) required attribute. D) fuzzy attribute
c
21) An attribute that can be broken down into smaller parts is called a(n) ________ attribute. A) associative B) simple C) composite D) complex
c
27) Which of the following is NOT a cost and/or risk of the database approach? A) Specialized personnel B) Cost of conversion C) Improved responsiveness D) Organizational conflict
c
3) The property by which subtype entities possess the values of all attributes of a supertype is called: A) hierarchy reception. B) class management. C) attribute inheritance. D) generalization.
c
30) Which of the following is software used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to databases? A) Network operating system B) User view C) Database management system (DBMS) D) Attribute
c
4) The storage format for each attribute from the logical data model is chosen to maximize ________ and minimize storage space. A) query design B) programmer productivity C) data integrity D) data integration
c
5) Data processed in a way that increases a user's knowledge is: A) text. B) graphics C) information. D) hyperlink.
c
7) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good business rule? A) Declarative B) Atomic C) Inconsistent D) Expressible
c
8) One disadvantage of file processing systems is: A) reduced data duplication. B) program-data independence. C) limited data sharing. D) enforcement of integrity constraints.
c
12) Which of the following is an entity type on which a strong entity depends? A) Owner B) Member C) Attribute D) None of the above
d
13) A person, place, an object , an event or concept about which the organization wishes to maintain data is called a(n): A) relationship. B) object. C) attribute. D) entity.
d
16) All of the following are primary purposes of a database management system (DBMS) EXCEPT: A) creating data. B) updating data. C) storing data. D) providing an integrated development environment.
d
18) With the database approach, data descriptions are stored in a central location known as a(n): A) server. B) mainframe. C) PC. D) repository.
d
2) A graphical system used to capture the nature and relationships among data is called a(n): A) logical data model. B) hypertext graphic. C) ERD. D) data model.
d
20) Which organizational function should set database standards? A) Management B) Application development C) Technical services D) None of the above
d
23) The most common source of database failures in organizations is: A) lack of planning. B) inadequate budget. C) inadequate hardware. D) failure to implement a strong database administration function.
d
26) Databases may be more expensive to maintain than files because of: A) the need for specialized personnel. B) the complexity of the database environment. C) backup and recovery needs. D) all of the above.
d
4) Which of the following types of data can be stored in a database? A) Voice B) Letters C) Numbers D) All of the above
d
6) A business rule: A) defines or constrains some aspect of the business. B) asserts business structure. C) controls or influences the behavior of the business. D) all of the above
d
6) Data that describe the properties of other data are: A) relationships. B) logical. C) physical. D) none of the above.
d
8) Which of the following is NOT a good characteristic of a data name? A) Relates to business characteristics B) Readable C) Repeatable D) Relates to a technical characteristic of the system
d
1) A user view is how the user sees the data when it is produced
f
11) Organizational commitment to a database project is not necessary for its success.
f
12) Repositories are always used in file processing systems.
f
14) Personal databases are designed to support a small group of individuals working together on a project
f
15) Database development begins with the design of the database.
f
16) An enterprise data model describes the scope of data for only one information system
f
10) A modern database management system automates more of the backup and recovery tasks than a file system
t
13) The user interface includes languages, menus, and other facilities by which users interact with various system components
t
18) The systems development life cycle is the traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems
t
2) One reason for improved application development productivity with the database approach is that file design and low-level implementation details do not need to be handled by the application programmer
t
20) Enterprise modeling sets the range and general contents of organizational databases.
t
3) The data repository assists database administrators in enforcing standard
t
4) The failure to implement a strong database administrative function is the most common source of database failures in organizations.
t
6) End users can often retrieve and display data easily with a relational database
t
8) Cost and complexity are just two of the disadvantages of database processing
t
1) Data modeling may be the most important part of the systems development process because: A) data characteristics are important in the design of programs and other systems components. B) the data in a system are generally less complex than processes and play a central role in development. C) data are less stable than processes. D) it is the easiest.
a
11) Customers, cars, and parts are examples of: A) entities. B) attributes. C) cardinals. D) relationships.
a
17) A ________ addresses whether an instance of a supertype may simultaneously be a member of two or more subtypes. A) disjointedness constraint B) disjoint rule C) partial specialization D) total specialization
a
17) A property or characteristic of an entity type that is of interest to the organization is called a(n): A) attribute. B) coexisting entity. C) relationship. D) cross-function.
a
6) The process of defining one or more subtypes of a supertype and forming relationships is called: A) specialization. B) generalization. C) creating discord. D) selecting classes
a
8) The process of defining a more general entity type from a set of more specialized entity types is called: A) generalization. B) specialization. C) normalization. D) none of the above
a
10) Many of the disadvantages of file processing systems can also be limitations of databases.
F
4) Databases were developed as the first application of computers to data processing
F
7) With the traditional file processing approach, each application shares data files, thus enabling much data sharing
F
9) Organizations that utilize the file processing approach spend only 20 percent of development time on maintenance
F
9) Program-data dependence is caused by: A) file descriptors being stored in each application. B) data descriptions being stored on a server. C) data descriptions being written into programming code. D) data cohabiting with programs.
a
1) Information is processed data.
T
2) In practice, databases today may contain either data or information.
T
5) File processing systems have been replaced by database systems in most critical business applications today
T
6) Unplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than the exception in file processing systems.
T
8) Development starts from scratch with the traditional file processing approach because new file formats, descriptions, and file access logic must be designed for each new program
T
19) A person's name, birthday, and social security number are all examples of: A) attributes. B) entities. C) relationships. D) descriptors
a
2) Given the following entities, which of the choices below would be the most complicated? Automobile: VIN, EngineSize, NumberOfDoors, NumberOfPassengers, FuelType, Transmission SUV: VIN, EngineSize, NumberOfPassengers, NoWheelDrive, FuelType, Transmission Truck: VIN, EngineSize, NoWheelDrive, FuelType, Transmission, Payload A) Define one vehicle entity type to hold all entities. B) Define a separate entity type for each entity. C) Define a supertype called vehicle and make each of the entities subtypes. D) Keep only the Truck entity type.
a
22) The following figure shows an example of: A) a composite attribute. B) a relational attribute. C) a derived attribute. D) a multivalued attribute.
a
22) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of database systems? A) Redundant data B) Program-data independence C) Better data quality D) Reduced program maintenance
a
25) In a file processing environment, descriptions for data and the logic for accessing the data are built into: A) application programs. B) database descriptors. C) fields. D) records.
a
3) A database is an organized collection of ________ related data. A) logically B) physically C) loosely D) badly
a
4) In an E-R diagram, there are ________ business rule(s) for every relationship. A) two B) three C) one D) zero
a
4) Subtypes should be used when: A) there are attributes that apply to some but not all instances of an entity type. B) supertypes relate to objects outside the business. C) the instances of a subtype do not participate in a relationship that is unique to that subtype. D) none of the above.
a
5) Business policies and rules govern all of the following EXCEPT: A) managing employees. B) creating data. C) updating data. D) removing data
a
5) Database access frequencies are estimated from: A) transaction volumes. B) user logins. C) security violations. D) none of the above
a
5) In the figure below, which of the following are subtypes of patient? A) Outpatient B) Physician C) Bed D) All of the above
a
