emt cognitive exam

How would you document the presence of double vision in a patient who was struck in the back of the head with a baseball? a) "+ diplopia" b) "+ consensual response" c) "+ vertigo" d) "+ disconjugate gaze"

"+ diplopia"

The EMT would recognize an era veteran when a family member states: A. "He trained for combat but was never deployed." B. "He has spent his whole life in the military." C. "He served three tours in Vietnam and the Middle East." D. "He was shot in the leg by a sniper in Iraq."

"He trained for combat but was never deployed."

A 48-year-old female patient with a history of depression has called for help because she feels suicidal. During transport, the patient refuses to talk to you despite repeated attempts to obtain her past medical history and learn about the events leading up to her call for help. Which statement is most appropriate at this time? A. "I really must have information related to your medical history; therefore, you must talk to me." B. "It's okay if you do not want to talk, I will be right here if you change your mind." C. "Talking often helps people feel better. If you talk to me, I am sure that it will help." D. "I know that people with depression seem to get better very quickly by taking medications. Have you thought about them?

"It's okay if you do not want to talk, I will be right here if you change your mind."

When you are driving 55 mph at night with your high-beam headlights on, how many seconds does that allow you to see ahead? a) 15 seconds b) 4.5 seconds c) 6 seconds d) 10 to 12 seconds

4.5 seconds

A pt exhibits signs and symptoms of diabetes, but he informs you that he has not been diagnosed with the disease. You decide to check his blood sugar. If the pt truly has diabetes, such of these readings would you expect? A. 0 mg/dL B. 110 mg/dL C. 465 mg/dL D. 70 mg/dL

465 mg/dL

A vagus nerve stimulator usually provides electrical pulses for 30 seconds and then stops for: a) 10 minutes b) 3 minutes c) 1 minute d) 5 minutes

5 minutes

A 42-year-old patient weighs 154 pounds (70 kg), How much activated charcoal would you administer to him? a) 500 grams b) 154 grams c) 100 grams d) 70 grams

70 grams

A newborn is 5 minutes post-delivery. Which of the following is a normal preductal Spo»? A. 87% B. 82% C. 74% D. 69%

82%

Which of the following injuries has a high probability for associative spinal injury? A. A twisting fracture of the tibia B. A gunshot wound to the pelvis C. Knife wounds to the proximal extremities D. A full-thickness burn to the chest

A gunshot wound to the pelvis

What is a common characteristic of MOST poisonous snakes? A. An oval-shaped head the same size as the neck B. A pit between the eye and the mouth C. Round pupils D. Small teeth/fangs

A pit between the eye and the mouth

football player in full uniform has been stung by a bee. Your assessment reveals him to be confused with stridorous respirations and weak radial pulses. His skin is warm and flushed and covered with hives. Vital signs are pulse, 164; respirations, 28 breaths/min; blood pressure, 74/58 mmHg; and Sp02, 87%. The coach notifies you that the patient allergic to bees and hands you the patien's epinephrine pen. Your next action would be to: A. Completely expose the patient and administer the epinephrine into his anterior thigh B. Lift the patient's shoulder pads and shirt and administer the epinephrine into his upper arm muscle C. Administer the epinephrine through a pad-less area of the patient's pants over the side of his thigh D. Lift the shirt over the patient's abdomen and administer the epinephrine into his abdomen below the umbilici

Administer the epinephrine through a pad-less area of the patient's pants over the side of his thigh

Which factor is LEAST likely to increase a person's risk of heat-related illness? A. Healed full-thickness burns over 35 percent of the total body surface area B. Using methamphetamine C. Parkinson's disease D. Adolescent age

Adolescent age

A 15-year-old female was struck in the mouth with a baseball bat. She has lost her front teeth and is spitting blood. The EMT's priority concern when caring for this pt would be A. Airway compromise B. Blood loss C. Jaw fracture D. Seizure activity

Airway compromise

You are treating a 22-year-old male pt who slipped while running down the stairs in a factory and had injured his right tibia and fibula. The bones are through the skin, and his lower leg is severely deformed. There is no distal pulse or motor function. He denies any other injuries. What should you do? A. Apply ice to the bone ands and move the patient on a long spine board. B. Apply slight traction to realign the extremity, splint the leg, and then reassess for a distal pulse C. Splint the extremity in the position in which it was found and transport right away. D. Call for ALS before any movement

Apply slight traction to realign the extremity, splint the leg, and then reassess for a distal pulse

When starting a new career as an EMT, what should become one of the earliest habits you form? A. Working only with strong male partners B. Calling for backup for every obese patient C. Carrying the light equipment into the house to minimize your risk of injury D. Applying the principles and techniques of proper lifting and moving every day

Applying the principles and techniques of proper lifting and moving every day

What is your primary responsibility while at the scene of a domestic violence incident? A. Protect the crime scene. B. Assess and treat the patient. C. Document the incident. D. Notify hospital staff.

Assess and treat the patient

When utilizing the SOAP mnemonic for documentation, what does the "A" stand for? A. Agitation B. Accidents C. Actions D. Assessment

Assessment

The inferior vena cava is the portion of the vena cava that is positioned where in reference to the heart? A. To the right of B. Below C. Above D. Behind

Below

You are transporting a male patient with a deep stab wound to the groin, with damage also noted to the genitalia following an assault by his girlfriend. The patient is alert and oriented, albeit restless. Vital signs on scene were pulse, 128 beats/min; respirations, 20 breaths/min; blood pressure. 108/64 mmH; and Sp02, 92%. Oxygen is being administered via nasal cannula. Upon reassessment, which sign would be most concerning to the EMT? A. Heart rate of 132 beats/min B. Blood pressure is now 106/88 mmHg C. Patient's urge to void D. Sp02 stabilizing at 96% despite 02 therapy

Blood pressure is now 106/88 mmHg

On scene, a paramedic directs you to help another EMS crew who is caring for a patient who was hit and trapped under a passenger van that ran into a crowd. As you approach the patient, which scene size-up clue seemingly indicates that the patient is suffering from traumatic asphyxia? A. Bilateral femur deformity B. Abdominal bruising and distention C. Bluish discoloration to the neck and face D. Wound to the chest making a sucking sound

Bluish discoloration to the neck and face

How can you exercise some control over apt who talks too much? A. By asking open-ended questions B. By summarizing C. By reflecting D. By asking closed-ended questions

By asking closed-ended questions

When getting a medical history from a pt, you refer to him as Mr.Wrask. He stops you and asks you to call him Derek. You should: A. Avoid calling him by his name altogether B. Call him Derek during the rest of your interactions C. Confirm with family members how they would like him addressed D. Continue to address him as Mr. Wrask

Call him Derek during the rest of your interactions

The medical director is discussing changes in body temperature with a group of EMTS. Which statement best describes generalized hypothermia? A. Caused by heat gain and decreased heat production B. Caused by heat loss and decreased heat production C. Caused by heat gain and increased heat production D. Caused by heat loss and increased heat production

Caused by heat loss and decreased heat production

Which law of physics explains the fact that when a commercial diver is very deep in the water, where the temperature is much colder, the inhaled gases will contract in size? A. Henry's law B. Dalton's law C. Boyle's law D. Charles's law

Charles's law

Which of these is included in the daily inspection of the ambulance? A. Changing the engine oil. B. Rotating the tires. C. Checking the turn signals. D. Recharging the fire extinguishers.

Checking the turn signals

You have been called to a New Year's Eve party for a male patient who was stabbed in the anterior chest. According to partygoers, the patient went outside with another male and was stabbed. Fifteen minutes later, he was found in the snow, and 911 was called. When assessing this patient, which finding would you consider to be the most serious and warranting immediate attention? A. Complaint of a worsening headache B. Pain and bruising to the left thigh C. Decreased breath sounds to the left lung D. Capillary refill of 3 seconds

Decreased breath sounds to the left lung

What is the second step in applying spine motion restriction to an ambulating pt? A. Apply a cervical collar. B. Have the patient lie back onto the stretcher. C. Direct the patient to sit back onto the stretcher. D. Place the patient's legs on the stretcher.

Direct the patient to sit back onto the stretcher

You are transporting a pt in cardiac arrest. The AED is being used and a shock has been advised. Prior to administering the shock, what should you do? A. Move the patient from the metal stretcher to a nonmetal surface B. Withhold all shocks because metal will conduct the shock into the ambulance C. Ensure that no rescuer is touching the stretcher D. Stop the ambulance and have all rescuers exit prior to shocking the patient with the AED

Ensure that no rescuer is touching the stretcher

The parameters of the Glasgow Coma Scale are: A. Verbal and motor response B. Eyes, motor, and verbal response C. Vital signs and mental status D. Mental status, vital signs, and verbal response

Eyes, motor, and verbal response

Which of the following exists between the scalp and the skull? A. Fascia B. Arachnoid C. Dura mater D. Meninges

Fascia

You have been called for a 77-year-old male with chest discomfort. On scene, the patient denies ever having chest discomfort and requests to sign a refusal-of-care form. Before having the form signed, the EMT must consider that many geriatric patients may deny symptoms because of: A. Fear of losing independence and dignity B. Confusion that chest discomfort often creates in geriatric patients C. Acute onset of dementia and other neurologic diseases D. Apprehension about having to take medications

Fear of losing independence and dignity

Which of the following injuries require transport to a trauma center? A. Penetrating trauma to the forearm B. Bilateral tibia fracture C. Flail chest D. Open femur fracture

Flail chest

Which of the following is a common sign of altered mental status associated with trauma? A. Hot, dry skin B. Flexion C. Pinpoint pupils D. Loss of bowel control

Flexion

Which of the following is accurate regarding the cardiovascular system changes in the pregnant female? A. Plasma content decreases. B. Cardiac output decreases C. Heart rate increases by 10 to 15 beats per minute. D. Blood pressure increases during the first trimester.

Heart rate increases by 10 to 15 beats per minute

You are assessing a patient who is complaining of chest pain that started about 45 minutes ago. His skin is pale, clammy, and he has very little energy. His vital signs are respirations of 24, pulse of 120, and BP of 94/70. What would you give this patient? A. Low because his respirations are normal B. High because of the blood pressure reading C. High because of the elevated pulse D. Low unless there is breathing difficulty

High because of the blood pressure reading

______ can cause a pt to become agitated and aggressive A. Hyperventilation B. Decreased carbon dioxide C. Cyanosis D. Hypoxia

Hypoxia

Which phase is NOT associated with a nuclear blast? A. Incipient phase B. Secondary phase C. Primary phase D. Tertiary phase

Incipient phase

When a pts sugar level rises following a mean, what is the body's response to bring the level back down to normal? A. Epinephrine is secreted from the adrenal glands. B. Growth hormone is secreted from the pituitary gland. C. Glucagon is secreted from the pancreas. D. Insulin is secreted from the pancreas.

Insulin is secreted from the pancreas.

When relocating local residents away from a disaster, you should: A. Keep residents in their social groupings as much as possible B. Ensure that a triage system is in place at the rendezvous point C. Wait as long as possible to ensure that the relocation is necessary D. Relocate residents to hospitals and clinics as much as possible

Keep residents in their social groupings as much as possible

The EMT is caring for a pt who is experiencing contractions. The pt states she has had Braxton-Hicks contractions last week. Which assessment findings indicates the presence of true labor? A. Irregular intervals between contractions B. Decreased intensity of contractions C. Undilated cervix without effacement present D. Longer-duration contractions with shortened interval

Longer-duration contractions with shortened interval

Which of these is an anatomical difference in newborns compared to older children and adults? A. Newborns' tracheas are cylindrical rather than funnel-shaped. B. Newborns rely on the chest and accessory muscles of breathing rather than the diaphragm C. Newborns are nasal obligate breathers D. Newborns have a greater number of alveoli in each area of the lungs.

Newborns are nasal obligate breathers

Which of these situations is MOST suggestive of abuse and will require the completion of a special reporting form? A. Ten-month-old with a laceration above his eye; his parents state he was trying to pull up using a plastic chair when t B. Six-year-old who has bruises on both shins in different stages of healing C. Ten-year-old who has an isolated femur fracture, which he states occurred when he jumped out of his tree house D. Nine-year-old with bruises to her face, arms, legs, and back, all in different stages of healing

Nine-year-old with bruises to her face, arms, legs, and back, all in different stages of healing

An alert and oriented 69-year-old female patient complains of low, right- sided abdominal pain. She describes the pain as "knife-like" and states that it started suddenly 1 hour ago. Her only medical history is hypertension, for which she takes the medication Lisinopril. Which of these assessment findings shows that EMT is appropriately assessing this patient given the chief complaint? A. No deformity to the upper extremities B. No abdominal guarding noted C. No pain on palpation to the chest D. No trauma noted to the head

No abdominal guarding noted

You are by the side of a confused patient who has diabetes and a low blood sugar level. You know that the patient needs orally administered sugar, so following your service's guidelines, you call the physician on duty at the hospital emergency department and request permission to administer it. This request is an example of: A. On-line medical direction B. Medical cooperation C. Off-line medical direction D. Standing orders

On-line medical direction

You have a patient with a spinal cord injury, as evidenced by paralysis of the legs. The patient has become unresponsive and you note sonorous airway sounds. What should you do? A. Insert an OPA airway if there is no gag reflex. B. Open the airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver. C. Initiate PPV with oxygen at a rate of 10 to 12 per minute. D. Provide full immobilization on a backboard before managing the patient any further.

Open the airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver

Your are triaging a 9-year-old who is unresponsive and NOT breathing. What treatment is acceptable for this pt? A. Applying oxygen by nonrebreather mask B. No treatment is acceptable during triage. The patient must be tagged "black." C. Opening the airway and, if a pulse is present, giving five rescue breaths D. Manual airway maneuvers, basic airway adjuncts, suction, and ventilation

Opening the airway and, if a pulse is present, giving five rescue breaths

Which of the following is a solid organ in the abdominal cavity? A. Gallbladder B. Internal urethra C. Pancreas D. Urinary bladder

Pancreas

How would the emergency medical technician (EMT) know if the pt is having an anaphylactoid or anaphylactic reaction? A. Patient history B. Blood pressure differences C. Pitch of wheezes D. Size of hives

Patient history

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding pediatric trauma? A. Pediatric patients have strong neck muscles. B. Pediatric patients have a greater body surface area than adults C. Pediatric patients lose heat slower than an adult. D. Pediatric patients are less likely to suffer multisystem trauma

Pediatric patients have a greater body surface area than adults

Which of the following is most important at the multisystem trauma scene? A. Bystander safety B. Patient safety C. Crew safety D. Personal safety

Personal safety

On scene, a young male experiencing a behavioral emergency talks very rapidly and constantly interrupts you while you attempt to ask him questions. As such you would recognize that the patient is exhibiting: A. Pressured speech B. Tardive dyskinesia C. Word salad D. Verbal dystonia

Pressured speech

A pt has been pulled from a house fire. Assessment reveals him to be lethargic with stridorous respirations, minimal chest wall motion, and a rapid but strong radial pulse. Firefighters are dousing his body with water to cool him and ensure he is extinguished. Which action would the EMT perform immediately once the fire on the patient is adequately extinguished with water? A. Provide positive pressure ventilation with a bag-valve mask B. Determine if critical areas of the body have been burned C. Begin removing the patient's clothes to determine the type of burn D. Administer oxygen through a nonrebreather face mask and obtain a full set of vital signs

Provide positive pressure ventilation with a bag-valve mask

Of the following, which is NOT an example of good communications at the scene of a call? A. Quickly enter the residence and proceed immediately to the patient. B. Use the patient's name throughout the contact. C. Speak clearly, slowly, and distinctly, using language the patient understands. D. Be aware of how your body language mav communicate to the patient.

Quickly enter the residence and proceed immediately to the patient.

When approaching a combat veteran who is highly agitated, the EMT must remember that: When approaching a combat veteran who is highly agitated, the EMT must remember that. A. Combat veterans are more dangerous than civilians because of their training B. Reassurance with a firm, calm voice may be necessary and should be attempted first C. Combat veterans are more likely to assault caregivers and medical providers D. Identification of the event that led to the PTSD is essential

Reassurance with a firm, calm voice may be necessary and should be attempted first

Which of the following help to reduce your job-related stress? A. Consider taking a job as an EMS supervisor because they have a smaller daily workload. B. Request to work at a busier station so the day goes by faster. C. Request to work at a slower station or a station that has a different type of call volume. D. Ask for a partner that you do not know so you're less likely to confide personal information with them.

Request to work at a slower station or a station that has a different type of call volume

Which of these statements is most correct regarding the difference between respiration and ventilation? A. Ventilation describes the exchange of gases at the collular level, while respiration describes the same process bet B. Respiration describes the exchange of 02 and CO2, while ventilation describes the movement of air that carries th (cutoff) C. Respiration and ventilation are similar terms that both describe normal and healthy breathing in the living organism D. Ventilation describes the absorption of O2 into the cells, while ventilation is the excretion of CO2 from the cells

Respiration describes the exchange of 02 and CO2, while ventilation describes the movement of air that carries th (cutoff)

What is required to be kept on file at a site where a hazardous material is used? A. Safety data sheet (SDS) B. NFPA 704 placard C. Bill of lading D. Manifest

Safety data sheet (SDS)

A vehicle has rolled onto its passenger side after rubbing a red light at an intersection and striking another car. The restrained driver remains in the car, screaming in pain. To manage this scene, what should you do first? A. Stabilize the vehicle B. Remove the roof C. Determine the patient's injuries D. Hold manual cervical spine motion restriction

Stabilize the vehicle

After placing a small rock in her mouth, a 7-month-old girl begins to choke. You are on scene within minutes and find her unresponsive in her mother's arms. You attempt to provide ventilations with the bag-valve mask, but are unsuccessful after two attempts. What would your next action be? A. Attempt ventilation with a pocket mask B. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation C. Provide five abdominal thrusts D. Administer five chest thrusts

Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Which of the following is an accurate statement in regards to violence towards EMS personnel? A. Staying constantly vigilant is imperative. B. Personal protective equipment will protect the EMS from all violence. C. Complacency will develop with experience. D. Violence toward EMS personnel is uncommon.

Staying constantly vigilant is imperative

Why is it important to attend to your mental health as much as your physical health? A. Stress from the job can cause you to be more empathetic to homeless people. B. Stress from the job can impact your professional life. C. Stress from the job can result in feelings of superiority. D. Stress from the job can impact your personal and professional life

Stress from the job can impact your personal and professional life

A 21-year-old woman is 22 weeks pregnant and fell down a flight of steps. You currently have you fully immobilized. During transport, she keeps complaining of dizziness. In what position should you place her to minimize this? A. Supine B. Supine with the legs elevated C. Sitting up D. Supine with the backboard tilted to the left

Supine with the backboard tilted to the left

An alteration in brain function caused by an external force can be caused by a(n): A. TBI. B. seizure. C. stroke. D. epidural bleed.

TBI

A car has struck a utility pole at a high rate of speed. The male driver appears to be unresponsive and has snoring respirations. The vehicle has just been stabilized, and you have donned the appropriate personal protective equipment. What should you do next? A. Take manual spine motion restriction B. Apply a cervical collar to the patient's neck C. Place a tarp over some spilled antifreeze D. Perform a head-tilt, chin-lift airway maneuver

Take manual spine motion restriction

A paramedic arrives on scene of a multi-vehicle motor collision and finds a pt ego has suspected internal bleeding. Which additional assessment should the paramedic expect to find? A. Cherry-red skin coloration B. Tender abdomen C. Decreased respirations D. Bleeding from the nasal passages

Tender abdomen

What is one reason the EMT should summon ALS to the scene of a cardiac arrest pt who experienced return is spontaneous circulation (ROSC)? A. The ALS interventions may prevent arrest from recurring. B. State law requires ALS on every cardiac arrest. C. Only ALS providers can adequately ventilate a patient once an advanced airway is in place. D. After one shock by the EMT, any additional shocks must be performed by the ALS provider.

The ALS interventions may prevent arrest from recurring

How does the EMT's role in an "active shooter" incident vary from any other unsecured "shots fired" scene? A. The EMT's role is the same in both types of scenes B. The EMT's primary concern is patient rescue C. EMTs should not respond unless they are TEMS certified D. EMTs should respond only if they are armed

The EMT's role is the same in both types of scenes

You respond to a 30-year-old male patient who "passed out." He is conscious upon your arrival. Which of the following should lead you to consider that the patient experienced a seizure? A. The patient received bad news prior to the episode. B. The patient was light-headed prior to the incident. C. The patient was running a high fever. D. The patient's skin is pale and clammy.

The patient was running a high fever.

What forms the physical barrier against the entrance of undesirable microorganisms, found in the environment, into the body? A. Eschar tissue B. The skin C. The small intestine D. White blood cells

The skin

Which of the choices is an advantage of the paper-based charting system? A. The paper system will not fail if the PCR is accidentally left out in the rain. B. Since the paper system cannot connect to monitoring equipment, it is easier to use. C. The user can just rip up a PCR they made an error on, and start a new one. D. The user typically has more freedom on the type of information entered, including writing style

The user typically has more freedom on the type of information entered, including writing style

What is the ultimate goal of prevention programs? A. To create safer environments for childhood playgrounds B. To reduce pediatric injuries C. To reduce the number of pediatric patients seen in the emergency department D. To improve the relations between EMS providers and children in the community

To reduce pediatric injuries

Which statement BEST describes the use of secondary triage? A. When there are too many casualties to be categorized during the primary triage B. To treat EMS workers injured while assisting in the first phase of the rescue operation C. To categorize patients found after all of the other patients have been triaged D. To reevaluate the treatment priorities made during primary triage

To reevaluate the treatment priorities made during primary triage

Which of these methods should be tried FIRST to access a pt in a vehicle? A. "Pop" the door with hydraulic spreaders. B. Break the windshield. C. Break the rear window. D. Try all of the doors on the vehicle to see if they are unlocked. If possible, ask the patient to carefully unlock the door

Try all of the doors on the vehicle to see if they are unlocked. If possible, ask the patient to carefully unlock the door

A 62-year-old female with severe kyphosis fell and hit the back of her head, which is now oozing blood from a small laceration. Family members state that she suddenly complained of a "very bad headache" before collapsing to the kitchen floor. She has snoring respirations and cyanosis in the extremities. Which intervention should you perform first? A. Cover the laceration B. Start positive pressure ventilation C. Use a jaw-thrust maneuver D. Apply a cervical collar

Use a jaw-thrust maneuver

You have been tasked with teaching a class on child injury prevention. Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding downing prevent? A. Be sure to check on children once in awhile if they are near water. B. Water and alcohol do not mix. C. Life jackets are not necessary when boating for those who know how to swim. D. You don't need a fence around a backyard pool if the parents will be there to supervise.

Water and alcohol do not mix

Which of the following is the most common criminal cases of hazardous material that the EMT is most likely to encounter? a) a methamphetamine lab b) x-ray radiation c) a pressure cooker bomb d) ANFO

a methamphetamine lab

If a commercial pelvic splint is not available, the NEXT BEST alternative is to use A. a sheet using the improvised pelvic wrap. B. a sling and swathe. C. backboard straps and a long wooden splint. D. cot straps and a backboard.

a sheet using the improvised pelvic wrap

When a patient presents with the chief complaint of dyspnea, the EMT should be sure to: A. check the blood sugar. B. apply the AED. C. lay the patient down. D. administer oxygen as appropriate.

administer oxygen as appropriate

Barotrauma usually affects a) air cavities b) the stomach c) the spinal column d) the cranium

air cavities

Once a dressing has been applied to a​ wound, you​ should: A. apply a hot pack. B. wash the area around the wound. C. apply a bandage. D. place the injury lower than the heart.

apply a bandage

In the mnemonic MEND A MIND, the A stands for a) allergic reaction b) anxiety c) arterial d) assessment

arterial

The EMT is caring for an elderly patient who presents with confusion and a fever. The patient is unable to answer questions or participate in the assessment. Which should the EMT do next? a) ask the caregiver about the patients mental status yesterday b) contact the pts primary care provider c) transport the pt to the ER d) administer oxygen to the pt

ask the caregiver about the patients mental status yesterday

Which one of the following medications is administered to a patient suffering from chest pain a) aspirin b) epinephrine c) naloxone d) atrovent

aspirin

According to the recommended guidelines for securing and tracking vehicle access in the ambulance industry, how often should security briefings be held? a) daily b) at the beginning of each shift c) no less than once a week d) whenever there is a change in the Homeland Security threat level

at the beginning of each shift

Closed injuries to the chest after the result of what type of mechanism of injury applied to the chest wall? a) internal b) sustained c) blunt d) open

blunt

The amount of blood that is ejected by the left ventricle in one minute is called a) vascular preload b) systolic volume c) stroke volume d) cardiac output

cardiac output

Your pt has an abdominal wound that resulted in an evisceration of bowel. How should this be managed? a) wash off the bowel with an occlusive dressing b) cover the exposed bowel with an occlusive dressing c) gently tuck the bowel back into the abdominal cavity without rinsing it with saline d) cover the exposed bowel with a saline-soaked trauma pad

cover the exposed bowel with a saline-soaked trauma pad

A female 78-year-old reports that she is experiencing frequent falls. She denied and complain of injury or loss of consciousness. You should suspect that the falls are related to a) myocardial infarction b) decreased reaction time c) an acute stroke d) hypertension

decreased reaction time

Coronary arteries fill during A. ventricular contraction. B. atrial contraction. C. diastole. D. systole.

diastole

You have responded to a 45-year-old male complaining of chest pain. He claims that he is fine and refuses care. You should A. immediately return to service. B. wait at the scene in case he changes his mind. C. request law enforcement to witness the refusal. D. encourage the patient to seek care if the pain returns.

encourage the patient to seek care if the pain returns

The tough, leathery dead soft tissue that forms after a full-thickness burn is called: A. deep injury. B. keratosis. C. eschar D. scar tissue.

eschar

Researching a current​ protocol's effect on patient outcome is best described​ as: A. performance review. B. evidence-based medicine. C. continuing education. D. patient advocacy.

evidence-based medicine

Common locations where dislocations may occur include each of the following EXCEPT the: A. knee. B. elbow. C. acromioclavicular joint. D. femur.

femur

You are treating an infant with no seizure history who presented with a tonic-clonic seizure. What is a likely cause? A. Status epilepticus B. Tumor C. Old formula D. Fever

fever

Assessment and care guidelines for a pt with an eye injury should include: A. opening the eye if it is swollen shut to properly examine the globe. B. giving the patient nothing by mouth. C. bandaging only the injured eye, as the patient will be more at ease if she is able to see what is goinf D. placing drops in the eye to keep it lubricated.

giving the patient nothing by mouth

the nonrebreather mask can deliver what percent oxygen concentrate at 15lpm? a) 80 to 90 percent b) 70 to 70 percent c) greater than 90 percent d) 70 to 80 percent

greater than 90 percent

Responders trained to stop the release of hazardous materials are trained to the level of: A. first responder operations. B. hazardous materials specialist C. hazardous materials technician. D. first responder awareness.

hazardous materials technician

By carefully and completely documenting everything that happens during an encounter with an emotionally disturbed pt, you can A. retain a copy of the trip for your own records. B. stop the patient from filing a complaint. C. explain what you think the patient was perceiving. D. help protect yourself against false accusations.

help protect yourself against false accusations

The body system whose function is MOST involved during an allergic reaction is​ the: A. immune system. B. gastrointestinal system. C. endocrine system. D. nervous system.

immune system

Which of the following mechanisms have been found to cause distributive shock in a pt? a) pulmonary embolism b) blood loss c) infection d) cardiac output

infection

Opiate abusers switch to heroin due to its: A. ease of use. B. lower cost. C. increased potency. D. limited side effects.

lower cost

A black eye is frequently an indication of a fractured A black eye is frequently an indication of A. occipital complex. B. temporal bone. C. maxilla. D. mandible.

maxilla

Involuntary bed-wetting at night, after the age of 10 is known as A. nocturnal enuresis. B. interstitial cystitis. C. stress incontinence. D. overactive bladder.

nocturnal enuresis

A 35-year-old female pt states that she was shot in the abdomen. Her vital signs are P 110, R 22, BP 86/50, and SpO2 is 90 percent in room air. Oxygen should be administered via a: A. nonrebreather mask at 15 Ipm. B. bag-valve mask at 15 Ipm. C. nasal cannula at 3 Ipm. D. simple mask at 8 1pm.

nonrebreather mask at 15 Ipm

A gurgling sound may indicate a liquid substance in the airway. You should immediately: A. open the mouth and suction out the contents. B. insert an airway adjunct. C. set the patient up in a sitting position so that the contents drain out of the mouth. D. tilt the head back farther to more completely open the airway.

open the mouth and suction out the contents

A 3-year-old female patient was found unconscious in a garage. You smell the odor of gartic coming from the patient. You should suspect the patient has been exposed to: A. cyanide. B. organophosphates. C. hydrogen sulfide. D. camphor.

organophosphates

The "P" in the acronym SAMPLE stands for: A. palpation. B. pertinent past history. C. pain. D. provocation.

pertinent past history

A pt found sitting in tripod position at the kitchen table likely has what problem? a) trouble swallowing b) abdominal pain c) a stroke d) respiratory distress

respiratory distress

Which agent is a biological toxin A. Smallpox B. Ricin C. Brucellosis D. Tularemia

ricin

In what abdominal quadrant is most of the liver located? a) right upper b) left upper c) right lower d) left lower

right upper

A shoulder harness worn without a lap belt can result in: A. airbag injury. B. loss of control. C. steering wheel deformation. D. severe neck injury.

severe neck injury

When faced with a pt who is complaining of an abrupt-onset headache with severe pain that worsens with bending over, the EMT should a) leave the area b) suspect a serious underlying condition c) assist ventilations d) administer instant glucose

suspect a serious underlying condition

In which form is activated charcoal administered? a) syrup b) suspension c) aerosolized powder d) tablet

suspension

The "fight-or-flight" response is generally tied to the A. parasympathetic nervous system. B. peripheral nervous system. C. voluntary nervous system. D. sympathetic nervous system.

sympathetic nervous system

Absence of a radial pulse may indicate all of the following​ EXCEPT: A. that the heart has stopped beating. B. that the blood pressure is extremely low. C. the patient is not breathing. D. that an artery has been injured.

the patient is not breathing

Why is emergency medical service (EMS) access often delayed in immunocompromised pts suffering from an abdominal condition? a) their abdominal conditions are often not treatable b) their medications often reduce the risk of abdominal problems c) they have poor inflammatory response to abdominal problems d) they are worried about acquiring an infection in the hospital

they have poor inflammatory response to abdominal problems

When caring for a pt with paralysis, be careful: A. when removing colostomy hags for transport B. to keep catheter bags above the arza of insertion C. to focus on issues other than that of paralysis D. to avoid suggestions provided by family members

to focus on issues other than that of paralysis

Why is it important to administer oxygen to a pt with respiratory compromise? a) to maintain the pts body temp b) to improve the blood flow to the brain c) to dilate the bronchioles d) to minimize the cell hypoxia

to minimize the cell hypoxia

What is the structure that houses the urine by the kidneys until it is eliminated from the body? a) urinary cavern b) urinary bladder c) urinary urethra d) urinary ventricle

urinary bladder

In evaluating the kinetic energy that was involved in a car accident, which factor has the greatest effect in energy? a) density b) angulation c) velocity d) mass

velocity