Endocrine System

The nervous system

A and B only

Alcoholic beverages cause excessive urine production by blocking the action of

ADH

The ___ gland is located along the superior border of the kidney

Adrenal

Generally the actions of hormones

All of the above

The endocrine system

All of the above

Steroid hormones

Are lipids and are structurally similar to cholesterol

Peptide hormones

Chains of amino acids

Effects of medullary hormones include all of the following except

Decreased glycogen breakdown

Diabetes insipid is caused by

Decreased levels of ADH

Inability of the pancreases to produce insulin would result in

Diabetes mellitus

This condition is characterized by abnormally high glucose concentration that overwhelm the reabsorption capabilities of the kidneys

Diabetes mellitus

The condition known as seasonal affective disorder may be cause by

Increased leaves of melatonin

Cells of the thyroid gland are the only cells in the body with a need for the mineral ___

Iodine

Thyroid hormone contains the mineral

Iodine

The pituitary hormone that stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin is

MSH

During the alarm phase of the general adaption syndrome, there is

Mobilization of energy reserves

The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaption syndrome is

Epinephrine

The basic pattern of response that the body produces in response to stress is called the ___

Fight or flight

The stimulus for hormone release may be neutral, hormonal, or ___

Humoral

Cortisol

adrenal cortex

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce

aldosterone

Sodium concentration imbalance may cause release of ___

aldosterone

Growth hormone causes

all of the above

diabetes mellitus is characterized by

all of the above

The release of parathyroid hormone is controlled by

blood calcium levels

The adrenal medulla produces

epinephrine

Two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla are

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Which of the following primarily targets the gonads

follicle-stimulating hormone

The thyroid gland is composed of many ____ that produce and store thyroid hormone

follicles

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to rise is

glucagon

When blood glucose levels fall

glucagon is released

Another name for the pituitary gland is the

hypophysis

Hormones that control the function of the anterior pituitary gland are released from the

hypothalamus

Increased blood calcium levels would result in

increased secretion of calcitonin

Parathyroid glands produce a hormone that

increases the level of calcium ions in the blood

The beta cells of the pancreas produce

insulin

The inner portion of the adrenal gland is the adrenal ____

medulla

Hormone concentration levels are most commonly controlled by

negative feedback

The hormone released from the adrenal medulla is

none of the above

All hormones are

organic compounds

Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions

pancreas

Increased levels of the hormone ___ will lead to increased levels of calcium ions in the blood

parathyroid hormone

The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is

parathyroid hormone

The hormone that is the antagonist of calcitonin is

parathyroid hormone

This gland is responsible for establishing daily circadian rhythms

pineal

Melatonin

pineal gland

Growth hormone

pituitary

Excessive urine production is known as

polyuria

The hormone oxytocin

promotes uterine contractions

Peripheral cells sensitive to the presence of hormones are called ____

target cells

Increased aggressive behavior is associated with increases in

testosterone

Decreased levels of parathyroid hormone could result in

tetany

In type 2 diabetes, insulin levels are frequently normal, yet the target cells are less sensitive to the effects of insulin. This suggests that

the target cells may lack enough insulin receptors

Thymosins

thymus

Calcitonin

thyroid

Hormones from which of the following glands are responsible for calorigenic effect

thyroid gland

The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is

PRL

Explain the interactions of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

PTH causes Ca in blood to rise. Calcitonin is released causing Ca levels to drop.

Hormone producing cells if the testes produce

Testosterone and inhibin

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is also known as

Type I