English: Chapters 1-7 Test

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If the 1st part of a divided quotation is dependent, what do you put after ID of speaker?

,

What are the principal parts of lay (set down)?

Lay, laid, laid, laying

What are the special infinitive verbs?

Let, make, help, hear, see, watch, dare, please

What are the principal parts of lie (recline)?

Lie, lay, lain, lying

What are the reference incidents?

Multiple Antecedents, Implied Antecedent, Possessive, Relative Pronouns, Demonstrative Pronouns, Broad They, You

What is the Relative Pronoun problem?

Must have antecedent; not clause (Ex. John ran fast, WHICH made the coach proud)

What are impersonal pronouns?

No specific antecedent; has a form of "one"

What is a restrictive element and do you use commas?

Not as definite as it can be and no

What is the Implied Antecedent problem?

Not clear or direct antecedent (Ex. John likes writing, but he doesn't know if he can make a living from IT)

If a dependent clause is introduced by Relative Pronoun ending in -ever, what is it?

Noun

What are 3 types of dependent clauses?

Noun (have functions and start sentences), Adjective (modify N/PRO), Adverb (Modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs)

If a dependent clause introduces a sentence and is NOT set off by comma, what is it?

Noun (subject)

Subject of infinitives are in what case?

Objective

What case is whom and whomever?

Objective

If you have past tense in the other time period, you use _______ perfect.

Past Perfect

If there is a sentence with After + a Gerund OP (Ex. After completing high school) what tense is the verb after the gerund?

Perfect

What methods work for correcting divided quotations?

Period capitalization and semicolon

What are the 4 acceptable methods of correction?

Period capitalization, semicolon, comma coordinating conjunction, subordination

What is a noun?

Person, place, thing, or idea

What are Verbal phrases?

Phrases with words that look like verbs (Gerunds, participles, infinitives)

What are Nonverbal phrases?

Phrases without verbs (Prep or appositive)

Subject of gerunds are in what case?

Possessive

When you are marking up the sentence, what should you find first?

Prep Phrases

If you have future tense in the other time period, you use _______ perfect.

Present Perfect

If you have present tense in the other time period, you use _______ perfect.

Present Perfect

What are the function steps (Very important!)?

Put prep phrases in (), double underline verbs, single underline subjects, decide if action or linking, find SC if linking, find DO if action, find IO if action and DO, find OC if action and DO but no IO, find appositives (words left over are adj adv conj int)

What are the principal parts of raise (lift something)?

Raise, raised, raised, raising

What are personal pronouns?

Refers to a person (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

What are reflexive pronouns?

Refers to antecedent and is essential (ends in -self)

What are the principal parts of rise (elevate)?

Rise, rose, risen, rising

What is present tense used for?

Scientific facts, habitual actions, and literature

What are the principal parts of set (place down)?

Set, set, set, setting

What are the principal parts of shine (like shine your shoes)?

Shine, shined, shined, shining

What are the principal parts of shine (like the sun)?

Shine, shone, shone, shining

What titles are put in quotations?

Short story, article, essay, poem, song, tv programs

What is possessive case?

Showing possession, subject of gerunds

What are the sentence types?

Simple, compound, complex, compound-complex

If there is an only in front of the "...one of the....", what number is everything?

Singular

What is rule number 1?

Singular subjects have no s ending, but plural subjects do

What are the principal parts of sit (chair)?

Sit, sat, sat sitting

What is rule number 10?

Some nouns ending in -s are singular (News, civics, politics, mathematics)

What is passive voice?

Subject is being acted upon

What is active voice?

Subject is doing action of the verb

What case is who and whoever?

Subjective

What are the 3 type of cases?

Subjective, objective, possessive

What is subjective case?

Subjects, subjective complements, appositives

When do you use a dash?

Sudden break in thought

What is rule number 7?

The indefinite pronouns many, several, few, both are plural (Memphis State Foot Ball)

What is rule number 6?

The indefinite pronouns much, one, neither, either, each are singular (MONEE)

What is rule number 8?

The indefinite pronouns some, most, all, such, half, more, any, none are dependers (SMASHMAN)

What is the Demonstrative Pronoun problem?

This/that cannot have clause as antecedent (Ex. Eli Manning is garbage, trash, horrible, and ugly. THIS made Madoc sad :)

What is rule number 11?

Titles of books, movies, short stories, poems are singular

How do you make a Infinitive in the perfect tense?

To have + past participle of verb

What is the Multiple Antecedent problem?

Too many antecedents (Ex. John and Tom went to the store and HE got bread)

What is a fused sentence?

Two independent elements separated by nothing

What is a comma splice?

Two independent elements separated by only a comma

What is a divided quotation?

Two spoken parts divided by identification of speaker

What is rule number 2?

Two subjects joined together by and are plural

When is Future Perfect used?

Two time periods when neither has occurred (earlier is indicated by verb, later is indicated by deadline)

What is the Broad They problem?

Unidentified persons Ex. Over in New England, THEY win games Ex. Over in Boston, THEY win games

What are adjectives?

Words that modify nouns or pronouns (which one, what kind, how many, how much, whose)

What are adverbs?

Words that modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs (where, when, how, why, to what extent, under what conditions, despite what conditions)

In a Contrary to fact If Clause, what is the present for the independent clause?

Would + verb

In a Wish That clause, what is the present?

Would + verb

In a Contrary to fact If Clause, what is the past for the independent clause?

Would have + verb

In a Wish That clause, what is the past?

Would have + verb

What is rule number 4?

"A number" is plural, but "the number" is singular

In a Contrary to fact If Clause, what is the past for the if clause?

Had been

What are the principal parts of hang (kill)?

Hang, hanged, hanged, hanging

What are the principal parts of hang (hang a picture)?

Hang, hung, hung, hanging

What do you use for Perfect Progressive?

Has (some form of has) + Been + verb with ing

How do you make a Gerund in the perfect tense?

Having + past participle of verb

How do you make a Participle in the perfect tense?

Having + past participle of verb

What is Subjunctive mood?

Hypothetical situations (like if the Jets and Lions were in the Super Bowl...)

What is a Contrary to fact If Clause?

If something, then something

What is rule number 3?

If two subjects joined together by or or nor, the subject closer to the verb determines number (singular or plural)

What is Indicative mood?

Indicating or portraying fact

What are the types of mood?

Indicative, imperative, and subjunctive

What do you use for the verb in a Hope For/Desired Situation Clause?

Infinitive form of verb

What are the 4 principle parts?

Infinitive, past (Yesterday I), past participle (He had), present participle (He is)

What is set off by commas?

Interjections, transitional expressions, parenthetical elements, absolute phrases, name of person being addressed, state or country with city, items in address, academic titles, items in series

What is a subordinating conjunction?

Introduces dependent clauses

What do you italicize?

- Words used as a word - Letter and numbers - Foreign words - Proper names of ships, planes, trains - Paintings and sculptures

What does a simple sentence type mean?

1 independent clause

What does a complex sentence type mean?

1 independent clause and 1 or more dependent clauses

What is rule number 13?

Clauses and phrases are singular when they are subjects

What is Imperative mood?

Commands

What does a compound sentence type mean?

2 or more independent clauses

What does a compound-complex sentence type mean?

2 or more independent clauses and 1 or more dependent clauses

When are prepositional phrases set off by commas?

5 or more words or gerund object of prep or to avoid confusion

What is a fragment?

A dependent element punctuated as if it were independent

What are transitive verbs?

AV with direct object

What are intransitive verbs?

AV without DO or LV without SC

When is present perfect used?

Action that started in the past and continues into the present

What are the two types of voice?

Active and passive

What is the Possessive problem?

Adjectives cannot be antecedents; only nouns or pronouns (Ex. SOHUM's weight shows when HE gets on a scale)

If a dependent clause introduces a sentence and is set off by comma, what is it?

Adverb

If a dependent clause is introduced by subordinating conjunction, what is it?

Adverb

What part of speech are elliptical clauses?

Adverbial

When do you use a colon?

After a completed independent element when what follows is a list, result, or explanation

What word is used for habitual actions?

Always

What is rule number 14?

Always find true subjects

When you have a 1st person singular pronoun (I/me) + relative pronoun + to be verb, which helping verb do you use? Ex. He called me, who __________ asleep.

Am

What is rule number 12?

Amounts of money or time is singular

What does a relative pronoun have that a subordinating conjunction does not have?

Antecedent Function (Air Force)

What is rule number 9?

Antecedents of relative and interrogative pronouns determine their number

What is rule number 5?

Any indefinite pronoun ending in -one, -body, -thing is singular

When you have a "... one of the _____ relative pronoun..." what verb should you use and what number is everything in the dependent clause? Ex. Paul Pierce is one of the best players who ____ small forwards in the NBA.

Are and plural

What is a non-restrictive element and do you use commas?

As specific as it can be and yes (Hint: if given someone's name, it's non-restrictive)

When you have a Triple P (perfect progressive passive), what verbs do you always use?

Been being

What are prepositions?

Begins a prep phrases (preposition, optional modifiers, objects of preps)

What are intrerrogative pronouns?

Begins a question

When is a semicolon used?

Between 2 independent clauses or by separating items containing commas

What titles are underlined?

Books, newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, plays, operas, long music, record album, movies, tv series

What are conjunctions?

Connectors

What is a coordinating conjunction?

Connects equal elements (and, or, nor, for, so, but, yet)(Lack of Parallelism)

What is a correlative conjunction?

Connects equal elements but contains two parts (Either or)

What are the 3 types of Subjunctive Mood?

Contrary to fact If Clause, Wish That Clause, Hope for/Desired Situation

When are parentheses used?

Definitions and additional information

What are the verbs that show a Hope For/Desired Situation clause?

Demand, require, suggest, recommend, insisted, commanded, move, ordered, it is necessary, hope

What is objective case?

Direct object, indirect object, object of preposition, objective complement, subjects of infinitives, appositive of objectives

What is the You problem?

Don't use 2nd person you in formal writing (Ex. Before buying clothes, YOU should try them)

What is Perfect tense used for?

Earlier of multiple time periods

What are intensive pronouns?

Emphasizes but is not essential (ends in -self)

What are the special infinitive preps?

Except, but, besides

What is Progressive tense used for?

Express ongoing action

What is a interjection?

Expression of emotion set off by commas

What are the type of sentence errors?

Fused sentence, comma splice, fragment

What are indefinite pronouns?

General antecedent (-one, -body, -thing)

What are the two ways of correcting a relative pronoun problem?

Give it an antecedent (fact or act), revise the word order (make dependent clause, gerund/participle)

What are clauses?

Group of words with its own subject and verb

What are phrases?

Group of words without its own subject and verb

What are demonstrative pronouns?

This, that, these, those

What are elliptical clauses of comparison?

Verb is omitted (Ex. I am faster than he (is))

What are two types of phrases?

Verbal and nonverbal

In a Contrary to fact If Clause, what is the present for the if clause?

Were

What are relative pronouns?

Who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whosever, whichever, whatever, that

Where do you use Sequence of Tenses?

Within each independent clause

What are pronouns?

Word that takes the place of a noun

What are verbs?

Words that depict actions or states of condition or states of being (Action, Linking, Helping)

What is a common/proper noun?

common - general (ear) proper - specific and capitalized (Del Laptop)

What is a concrete/abstract noun?

concrete - things you can touch abstract - intangible

What are the 8 parts of speech?

noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, interjection

What is simple/compound noun?

simple - 1 part (washer) compound - 2 parts (dishwasher)


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