Entomology Exam #1

3 ways in which cockroaches may have a medical significance:

- as pathogens - as vectors of human pathogens - as producers of etiologic agents

Which of the following are characteristics of all arthropods?

- jointed legs - metamerism - bilateral symmetry

The lesion that forms when T. cruzi enters the host through the skin is called a:

Chagoma

Which subphylum of arthropods has biramous appendages?

Crustacea

You have found an organism that you believe is an Arthropod living in a saltwater tide pool. To which subphylum does it most likely belong?

Crustacea

In which of these countries is there no risk of getting infected with leishmaniasis?

Denmark

Nematocera is the suborder of:

Diptera

Both bedbugs and triatomine bugs are proven biological vectors of human disease (True or False)

False

Perplaneta Americana

American Cockroach - 30-50 mm - reddish brown with yellow patches - ootheca is NOT carried by female but is stuck to furniture

Exopterygota

Gradual metamorphosis Egg --> Nymph --> Adult

Insects are in which subphylum?

Hexapoda

Supella Longipalpa

Brown-banded Cockroach - 10-15 mm - 2 cross bands - ootheca is NOT carried by female but is stuck to furniture

An emotional disorder in which patient is convinced that tiny or nearly invisible insects or mites are present on the body is called:

Delusory Parasitosis

The imagined infestation of one's home is called:

Delusory cleptoparasitosis

Blatella Germanica

German Cockroach - 10-15 mm - 2 broad dark longitudinal stripes on pronotum - ootheca is carried by female but is not stick to furniture

The infestation of humans by lice is called:

Pediculosis

Vesicating agent

a blistering agent

Which of the following statements is TRUE about all 3 suborders of lice? a. feed only on blood b. all stages are wingless c. are permanent ectoparasites d. feed exclusively on mammals e. have piercing-sucking mouthparts f. have gradual metamorphosis

b, c, and f

As a group, the sucking lice only parasitize which of these host groups? a. birds b. reptiles c. mammals d. amphibians

c. mammals

You have located an organism that lacks antennae crawling along the floor of a jungle. To which class does it most likely belong? a. Insecta b. Chilopoda c. Diplopoda d. None of the above

d. None of the above (the only nonantennae arthropod is Chelicerata)

Entomophobia

fear of insects

The presence of absence of mandibles can be used to distinguish between:

insects and spiders

Epizootic

relating to a disease that is temporarily prevalent and widespread in an animal population

Cyclodevelopmental transmission

the pathogen replicates but also goes through developmental stages in the vector

7 ways an arthropod may act as a direct agent of a disease or discomfort:

- entomophobia and delusory parasitosis - annoyance and blood loss - accidental injury to sense organs - envenomization - dermatosis - myiasis - allergy

The military significance of sand fly fever relates to which of the following:

- it occurs in an area where much of the world's oil reserves are located - the potential for a large portion of a military force becoming ill at one time

One of the reasons that vectors are important in disease transmission is:

- they act as an efficient mechanism for spreading disease - vector-born diseases tend to be more sever than directly transmitted diseases - vectors can make it more difficult to develop control strategies

If you go down into your basement and flick on the light, the medium-sized black cockroach which goes scuttling away is probably:

An Oriental cockroach

Family Cimicidae

Bed bugs - oval, flattened bodies - prothorax is large with wing-like expansions - no functional wings on adults (just wing pads)

Terms of Leishmaniasis

Kala-azar Baghdad boil Espundia Dum-dum fever

Sand flies

Leishmaniasis

Which cells of your body does Leishmania infect?

Macrophages

A scutellum and hemelytra would be found on which of the following: a. most hemiptera b. only on bed bugs c. only on triatomine bugs d. only on cockroaches e. all of the above

Most hemiptera

Blatta orientalis

Oriental Cockroach - 20-25 mm - dark brown, black body - ootheca is NOT carried by female or stuck on furniture

Which of the following is the stage of Leishmania that is transmitted to humans by the vector?

Promastigote

Which of these organisms causes epidemic typhus (also called louse-borne typhus)?

Rickettsia prowazekii

If you are a medical entomologist working for the World Health Organization, what would you recommend to control onchocerciasis in the village where you have been assigned?

Treating vector breeding sites with insecticides to reduce transmission

Diseases of animals are called:

Zoonoses

Which of the following statements is true of BOTH epidemic typhus AND relapsing fever: a. pediculus humanus is the vector b. the reservoir is man c. inhalation of louse feces may lead to infection d. infection is through exposure to the louse's hemolymph e. the flying squirrel may be a reservoir f. chronic infection can occur in the lymph nodes leading to reactivation

a and b

Which of the following statements about louse control are TRUE? a. a single treatment is usually insufficent b. to be economically effective in controlling losses, louse populations must be completely eradicated from cattle and poultry c. mechanical removal, if implemented properly, can be used to get rid of head lice on children d. Ivermectin injections will be most effective against ischnoceran lice e. application of insecticides to walls, roosts, cracks, and crevices of poultry houses is effective f. human head lice have developed resistance to several of the insecticides used to control them

a, c, e, and f

Which of the following are characteristics of cockroaches? a. cursorial legs b. hemelytra c. dorsoventrally flattened d. complete metamorphosis e. chewing mouthparts f. strictly vegetarian diet g. large pronotum h. filiform antennae

a, c, e, g, and h

Which of the following statements are true? a. fly worry or tick worry can result in reduced production of animals due to interference with feeding and rest b. the neurotoxic venom produced by the brown recluse spider affects the neuromuscular junctions c. a person suffering from a spider bite should be given aspirin and the wound should be treated with a heating pad d. dermatosis may be caused by urticating hairs from a lepidopteran e. accidental myiasis occurs when maggots enter living tissue after feeding on decaying tissue in neglected wounds f. a normal reaction to a bee sting would be pain, redness, and swelling in the area of the sting

a, d, and f

Demonstrating circulating trypanosomes in the patient's blood is an effective diagnostic tool for which stage of Chaga's disease?

acute

Bluetongue

biting midges

Onchoceriasis

black flies

Black flies

breeds in swiftly flowing water

Local reaction

combination of the following symptoms: pain, swelling, redness, itching

While working in your garden, you uncover an animal with many legs, arranged two pairs per segment. The animal must be a:

millipede

Horizontal transmission

pathogen transmission from vector to reservoir host

Developmental transmission

pathogen undergoes developmental stages but no replication in the vector

Biological transmission

pathogens reproduce and/or develop in the arthropod vector before being transmitted to the next vertebrate host

Propagative transmission

proliferation and spread of the pathogen through vector tissues

Enzootic

relating to a disease that regularly affects animals in a particular district or at a particular season

Harara

sand flies

How can you protect yourself from getting leishmaniasis?

sleep under a bed net and use insect repellent

An insect that comes onto the host for a blood meal and then leaves is called a:

temporary ectoparasite

The main function of the ootheca is:

to protect the eggs from desiccation

Transstadial transmission

vertical transmission of a pathogen from one life stage to another (the same individual)