final exam nutrition

Compared to younger children, the diets of school-aged children tend to be _______.

lower in whole grains

In the United States, about ________ of food grown, processed, and/or transported goes to waste.

25 to 40%

Per serving, which of the following foods is the most energy-dense?

4-ounce chocolate donut

A person who is 5-feet, 6-inches tall and weighs 260 pounds has a body mass index of ________.

42

In 2017-2018, approximately ________ of American adults over the age of 20 had obesity or severe obesity.

50%

Which of the following persons is in a state of positive energy balance?

A 25-year-old woman who is in her 6th month of pregnancy

Which of the following foods is NOT a good source of calcium?

Baked chicken

______ is an alternative therapy option that has been shown to be beneficial in some people with eating disorders. This treatment uses heart rate monitoring and neurofeedback to encourage slow, meditative breathing, thus decreasing anxiety.

Biofeedback

The ________ prohibits food manufacturers from adding a new compound to food that causes cancer.

Delaney Clause of the Food Additives Amendment

Which of the following statements about cataracts is true? Develops when proteins in the lens of the eye are damaged Occurs less frequently in those with diabetes All of these choices are correct. Causes the lens of the eye to become less translucent

Develops when proteins in the lens of the eye are damaged

Which of the following U.S. government agencies oversees the quality of drinking water?

Environmental Protection Agency

Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of bulimia nervosa?

Frequent heartburn

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which of the following beverages is the most appropriate for a child who is 18 months old?

Full-fat milk

Which of the following statements is true? The life span of a human being is 100 years. In the United States, life expectancy is about 79 years. The longest living (documented) person was a man from Bulgaria who lived for 110 years. There is little scientific evidence to support the notion that a person's genetic makeup contributes to his or her longevity.

In the United States, life expectancy is about 79 years.

Which of the following food preservation methods treats the food with a high amount of energy that destroys the genetic material of pathogens?

Irradiating

After experiencing considerable pain and having blood in his urine, Solomon visited with his physician and was diagnosed with kidney stones. Kidney stones occur as a result of?

Mineral and waste products collecting and forming a bad mass

________ is an extreme obsession with eating healthy foods.

Orthorexia nervosa

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which of the following minerals is a "nutrient of public health concern?"

Potassium

Which of the following reflexes causes an infant to turn its head and open its mouth as the baby's cheek is stroked?

Rooting reflex

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for preeclampsia?

Second or third pregnancies

In the United States, the practice of fortifying with iodide has reduced the risk of goiter.

Table salt

A medical researcher is developing a formula for babies that simulates the composition of human breast milk. He wants to fortify the formula so it contains the RDA/AI amounts of all essential nutrients. One of the minerals that he wants to use in the formula has an RDA of 11 mg for infants. According to this information. how should he classify this mineral?

Trace mineral

Scientists are uncertain whether is an essential mineral for humans.

Vanadium

Which of the following factors has a negative effect on a school-age child's diet?

Viewing advertisements for sugar-sweetened soft drinks

Which of the following statements about whey protein is false?

Whey protein is found in eggs.

Which of the following is an example of a trace mineral?

Zinc

Which of the following minerals is often lacking in the diets of older adults?

calcium

During the first few days after giving birth, the new mother's breasts produce ________.

colostrum

According to scientific evidence, which of the following substances may improve the performance of sprinters and weight lifters?

creatine

A woman who is undernourished during pregnancy has an increased risk of negative effects on her health, as well as her baby's health. All of the following are consequences of undernutrition during pregnancy except ________.

increased risk of gestational diabetes

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) ________.

is characterized by imbalances in reproductive hormones

Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic?

jogging

Adults living in the ________ region of the United States are most likely to have obesity.

southeast

All of the following are recommendations of the FDA in regards to the selection and use of cutting boards EXCEPT ________. to replace cutting boards when they become streaked to use easy-to-clean cutting boards to use wood cutting boards made from a soft wood to use a different cutting board for cutting meat as for cutting vegetables

to use wood cutting boards made from a soft wood

A _______ is an animal that often lives around sewage or garbage, such as flies, ants, cockroaches, mice, and rats.

vermin

Childhood xerophthalmia is due to a lack of ________.

vitamin A

Which of the following foods provides the most phosphorus?

Cottage cheese, 2% fat, 1 cup

Caffeine ________.

enhances skeletal muscle contraction

Long-term consumption of high amounts of fluoride can

lead to skeletal fluorosis

Valentina is 30 weeks pregnant and, at her last prenatal check-up, was told that she has proteinuria. She had noticed more swelling in her face and hands over the past couple of weeks, but was surprised to learn of the proteinuria. Her healthcare team is concerned because Valentina likely has ______, a condition that can result in maternal kidney and liver damage.

preeclampsia

Golden rice ________. provides higher concentrations of essential nutrients than traditional rice is an example of a genetically modified organism (GMO) can be grown in parts of the world where a vitamin A deficiency is common All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

Which of the following statements are true? Signs of dehydration in older adults include weakness, constipation, and mental confusion. The body's water content decreases with advancing age. Risk of urinary incontinence increases as a person ages. All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

You have a friend who you believe may have an eating disorder. Which of the following is not recommended when approaching a person to discuss a possible eating disorder?

Assembling a group of concerned friends and family members to meet with the person at a local coffee shop

Which of the following substances is a lipid that is necessary for the proper development of an infant's nervous system?

DHA

Gretchen is 15-year-old female who is in the band and theatre club at her high school. She also participates on her school's track and field team, competing in medium-distance running events. Which of the following statements is false?

Gretchen is likely consuming adequate fruit in her diet.

Liz is a triathlete competing in the Ironman Triathlon in Hawaii. The weather is hot and humid and Liz is beginning to exhibit signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion. Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of heat exhaustion?

Light-headedness or dizziness

lodine is necessary for

Maintaining normal thyroid function

Typical treatment for eating disorders includes ________.

professional counseling

A person with a/an _______ deficiency will be more susceptible to disease due to this micronutrient's role in stimulating immunity.

zinc

The weather over the winter was colder than usual, with typical days in the subzero temperature range and snow and ice common. Because of this, Drea was often cold and shivering when walking between classes. Shivering is an example of _______.

nonexercise activity thermogenesis

According to the damage or error theory of aging, ________. aging is inevitable and diet or exercise does not impact that process organs simply wear out with use and abuse. All of these choices are correct. over time, the activity of certain genes results in aging

organs simply wear out with use and abuse