HCC Bio Test 1

Helium's atomic number is 2. How many covalent bonds can an atom of helium make?

0

Potassium's atomic number is 19. How many electrons does potassium have in its outer energy level?

1

Aluminum's atomic number is 13 and its mass number is 27. How many protons does aluminum have? How many neutrons does aluminum have?

13, 14

Phosphorus has 16 neutrons and its mass number is 31. How many electrons does phosphorus have?

15

The first energy level in any atom may contain as many as

2 Electrons

Lithium has an atomic number of 3 and a mass number of 7. How many neutrons does Lithium have?

4

Silicon's atomic number is 14. How many covalent bonds can an atom of silicon make?

4

Calcium has 20 protons and 20 neutrons. What is its mass number?

40

Sulfur's atomic number is 16. How many electrons does sulfur have in its outer energy level?

6

A relationship that has been established based on large amounts of observational and experimental data (such as evolution) is referred to as ______________.

A theory

Which of the following statements is correct regarding a hypothesis? (choose the best answer)

After sufficient testing you can accept it as probable, being aware that it may be revised or rejected in the future.

Match the description of the organism to its appropriate kingdom. This is a splendid tiger beetle. Some tiger beetles can run up to 120 'body lengths' per second! They run so fast that their vision becomes blurry while they're moving. They have to stop moving to regain their vision and track their prey.

Animalia

In what way could animals be considered more complex (or advanced) than most protists?

Animals are multi-cellular.

Match the description of the organism to its appropriate kingdom. These single-celled organisms live in environments that contain no oxygen, such as the digestive tract of mammals. They produce methane!

Archaea

Which of the following orders of organization of life is correct? (from smaller to larger levels of organization)

Atoms, molecules, macromolecules, cells

Match the description of the organism to its appropriate kingdom. This very small, single-celled organism can sometimes cause food contamination.

Bacteria

Why does oxygen form two covalent bonds? Choose the best and most direct explanation.

Because it has 6 electrons in its second energy level.

Which type of chemical bond exists within a water molecule?

Covalent

The _____________________ of atoms determine how atoms will react with each other.

Electrons

(True or False) An atom is the smallest part of an element that has mass.

False

(True or False) Atoms that have an energy level that is not completely filled with electrons are stable or non-reactive.

False

(True or False) Non-polar molecules are soluble in water.

False

(True or False) The different forms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons are called ions.

False

Match the description of the organism to its appropriate kingdom. This multi-cellular organism gets food by absorbing nutrients from dead organisms dissolved outside of its body.

Fungi

How are fungi different from plants?

Fungi are heterotrophic.

How are fungi different from animals?

Fungi digest their food before ingesting it.

pH is a measure of _______________.

Hydrogen ion (H+) concentration

When an electron is transferred from one atom to the next, and the two atoms are then electrically attracted to one another, the type of bond is a(n) __________________ bond.

Ionic

Atoms that have a positive or negative charge are known as ________________.

Ions

The 4 most common elements found in your body would be ____________________. (These are in no specific order and assume you are NOT a robot).

Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen

Why is a carefully designed experiment sometimes a better way to test a hypothesis than only collecting observational data to describe a pattern that occurs in nature?

Observations without experiments cannot show causation.

Match the description of the organism to its appropriate kingdom. This multi-cellular organism obtains energy from sunlight and uses it to make its own food.

Plantae

Match the description of the organism to its appropriate kingdom. Each of these organisms consists of one large, complex, single cell. They can obtain food by filtering water.

Protista

How are protists different from bacteria?

Protists are much larger than bacteria.

Which is the proper order (smallest to largest) of the categories used for classification of living organisms?

Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

Sugar is a polar molecule. Which statement below explains why sugar dissolves in water?

The positive and negative poles of sugar are attracted to the positive and negative poles of water.

How are most protists (Kingdom Protista) similar to bacteria?

They are single-celled.

(True or False) Science works to understand something new beginning by observation (gathering data), and then puts the observations together in a logical fashion to form a general principle (also called inductive reasoning).

True

What is the best description of an acid?

a molecule that releases H+ ions into a solution

____________ are the smallest parts of an element that have the properties of that element.

atoms

Bees and beetles are classified in different Orders (Hymenoptera and Coleoptera), but they are both in the same Class (Insecta). This also means that _________________.

beetles and bees would be classified in the same Kingdom and in the same Phylum.

Living things can be distinguished from non-living things because they have

cellular organization

The high surface tension of water that allows some insects to literally walk on water is due to

cohesion

The type of bond that forms between two atoms when electrons are shared is a(n) __________________ bond.

covalent

Polar molecules tend to be ________________.

hydrophilic

How are Archaea different from bacteria?

live in more extreme environments

The mass number of an atom is the

number of protons plus the number of neutrons

Classification systems for organisms are based on

physical (appearance) and chemical (DNA) characteristics.

What property of water is NOT caused by hydrogen bonding between water molecules?

polarity

Which subatomic particles give an atom its mass?

protons and neutrons

The nucleus of an atom is composed of two kinds of subatomic particles, __________________ and _______________.

protons; neutrons

When trying to figure out explanations for observations, you usually construct a series of possible hypotheses. Then you make predictions of what will happen if each hypothesis is true, and

test each hypothesis, using appropriate controls, to rule out as many hypotheses as possible

The idea that temperatures on our planet are linked to carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere is well-supported by data from ice cores stretching back 100,000s of years. To test the hypothesis that recent human-produced CO2 has caused increases in global temperature, we could build and run a computer simulation. What variable would CO2 concentration be in this 'simulated experiment'?

the independent variable

The atomic number of an atom is the

the number of protons only

The wolf, domestic dog, and red fox are all in the same family, Canidae. The scientific name for the wolf is Canis lupus, the domestic dog is Canis familiaris and the red fox is Vulpes vulpes. This means that

the red fox is in the same family, but different genus than dogs and wolves.

A water molecule is a polar molecule because ____________________.

uneven shape AND oxygen pulls strongly on electrons