history

Andrew Johnson

7th President of the United States . He was looked at as an war hero after the war of 1812. He was a politican and lawyer. who despiesed the electoral college after

Tenure of office act

Congress used the act as law to impeach Jacson,in 18688. Seeking to limit his power to interfere with Radical (or even moderate) Reconstruction in the South, Congress passed it on March 2, 1867. The bill prohibited the president from removing officials appointed by and with the advice of the Senate without senatorial approval.In theory, the Tenure Act was to protect low-level patronage appointees. In practice, it was to shield members of Johnson's cabinet who disagreed with him over Reconstruction-especially Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, who was closely tied to the Radical Republicans

Samuel Gompers

Guilded Age.Samuel Gompers was the first and longest-serving president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL); it is to him, as much as to anyone else, that the American labor movement owes its structure and characteristic strategies. Under his leadership, the AFL became the largest and most influential labor federation in the world. •craft union •policy of exclusion • "bread and butter" unionism

Special field order #15

Special Field Order No. 15 (January 1865) 1. Georgia Sea Islands & Part of Coastal South Carolina (~400,000 acres) 2. Each family received 40 acres 3. Families were loaned mules 4. "40 Acres and a Mule"

13th amendment

The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States and was the first of three Reconstruction Amendments adopted in the five years following the American Civil War. The 13th Amendment, passed by Congress January 31, 1865, and ratified December 6, 1865, states: 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. Although President Abraham Lincoln had issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, there were several problems with relying on it to ensure an end to slavery in the U.S. The proclamation was issued using Lincoln's war powers and there was concern it could be seen as temporary. The proclamation also only freed slaves, it did not abolish slavery itself

14

The 14th amendment to the US Constitution was ratified on July 9, 1868 during the Reconstruction era. It, along with the 13th and 15th amendments are collectively known as the Reconstruction amendments State and federal citizenship for all persons regardless of race both born or naturalized in the United States was reaffirmed. No state would be allowed to abridge the "privileges and immunities" of citizens. No person was allowed to be deprived of life, liberty,or property without "due process of law." No person could be denied "equal protection of the laws."

15th

The 15th Amendment to the Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." Although ratified on February 3, 1870, the promise of the 15th Amendment would not be fully realized for almost a century. Through the use of poll taxes, literacy tests and other means, Southern states were able to effectively disenfranchise African Americans.