History - Chapter 10 (Pretest, Test = Only Essay)

How was the 1972 presidential election most like the 1968 election?

?, not b

What was the effect of the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty?

It ended above ground nuclear tests.

Why did it take some time before the provision lowering the voting age would apply nationwide?

an amendment requires ratification by individual states

The violence that erupted outside the Democratic National Convention in Chicago in 1968 and the confusion inside gave the impression that:

the nation was in disorder and the Democrats has lost control

What best describes the main difference between many American troops stationed in Vietnam before 1965 and those stationed there after that date?

Many troops stationed there before 1965 were volunteers, while many of those after were draftees.

Based on the figures from the chart, the income tax rate was most likely raised 10% to count for:

costs associated with the war effort

What defense policy did President Kennedy favor?

flexible response

What measure did the Selective Service System take to address these criticisms of the draft in 1969?

A "lottery" system was implemented, in which recruits were picked at random.

How did Clark Clifford's Vietnam policy differ from that of his predecessor Robert McNamara?

Clifford believed the war was unwinnable and sought to reach a peace agreement.

huge paragraph: "a vital element...power exists and will persist" - Eisenhower What major difference between Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy is illustrated in this except from Eisenhower's Farewell Address?

Eisenhower's fears about the expanding scope of the defense industries

What did Ho Chi Minh believe this strategy would ultimately accomplish against the American military?

He believed that if the North Vietnamese wore the American forces down enough they would eventually leave.

What impact did George Wallace's third-party candidacy have on the 1968 presidential election?

It siphoned votes from Humphrey's candidacy, allowing Nixon to win.

How did U.S. policy in Vietnam change rolling the Tet Offensive?

Policy makers thought the war unwindable and began to negotiate for peace.

What strategy did President Johnson's advisors Robert McNamara and General Westmoreland insist was necessary to winning the war in Vietnam?

committing more troops and taking a more active role in combat activities

Enacted following the end of the Vietnam War, the War Powers Resolution (also known as the War Powers Act) can be seen as Congress' attempt to undo what previous action of legislation?

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

In what way was the United States' decision to support the French in Indochina a departure from the usual foreign policy?

The U.S. was generally in favor of decolonization.

Lyndon Johnson's decision not to seek re-electioni in 1968 underscored what fact about his presidency?

The war in Vietnam had jeopardized his reelection chances.

What objective did American military leaders hope to achieve in North Vietnam with military campaigns such as Operation Rolling Thunder?

They believed that the strikes would lower the enemy's morale and drive the North Vietnamese to negotiate a peace treaty.

What military strategy did President Nixon employ in Vietnam early on in his presidency?

the "Vietnamization" of combat operations

Dien Bien Phu showed that:

the French could longer hold onto Vietnam

Why did Secretaty of State Rusk likely insist that the reporter remember, when reporting the story, that the Soviets "blinked first"?

to bolster Kennedy's image as a strong and resolute leader

The term "Third World" was originally coined to refer to countries that:

were aligned with neither the U.S. or the Soviet Union