HP Poll questions Exam 1

As Emery approaches the starting line, his heart rate starts increasing to prepare his body for the burst of speed he will need to win the race. That Emery's heart rate increases before he starts sprinting (when he is merely thinking about it) is consistent with the concept of: allostasis. homeostasis. allostatic load. dualism.

allostasis

Studies by Uchino et al., 1995 (with math problems) and Sgoutas-Emch et al, 1998 (with a speech about shoplifting) link stress with _____, supporting _____. cardiovascular functioning; the direct effect model cardiovascular functioning; the indirect effect model immune functioning; the direct effect model immune functioning; the indirect effect model

cardiovascular functioning; the direct effect model

In an experiment on the effects of spending time in nature on stress, the experimental group spends two hours walking through a wooded area, whereas the control group spends two hours sitting and watching TV inside. The results show that the participants in the experimental group subsequently have lower stress levels than those in the control group. However, the difference in activity level (walking vs. sitting) between the two conditions may be a: moderator mediator confound

confound

Dr. Rodriguez, a pediatrician, has noticed that her patients with stressful home lives are more likely than others to develop asthma, but only if they also have a family history of asthma. Dr. Rodriguez's observation is consistent with the _ model. direct effect indirect effect illness behavior diathesis-stress

diathesis-stress

Dr. Mallem's study shows that stress causes heart disease, which is explained by the elevated heart rate and blood pressure that accompany stress. Dr. Mallem's results are consistent with the _ model of stress and illness. direct effect indirect effect illness behavior diathesis-stress

direct effect

When a patient thinks their recent infections are due, in part, to their high stress, Dr. Grey responds that psychological stress and vulnerability to infections are separate and do not affect one another, reflecting the _____ aspect of the biomedical model. mechanistic. dualistic. holistic. somatic.

dualisitc

After a season filled with player conflicts and injuries, Coach Ash develops high blood pressure and migraines due to being in the _____ stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome. alarm resistance exhaustion diathesis

exhaustion

To determine the relation between exercise and happiness, a researcher has one group of students do 30 minutes of jogging 3 times a week for 4 weeks and then compares their happiness levels to those of students who do no exercise for 4 weeks. Is this study experimental or non-experimental?

experimental

After Adam enters the ice rink, his body shivers in an effort to maintain his body temperature. This is an example of _ at work. homeostasis allostasis allostatic load bodily humors

homeostasis

Studies by Cohen et al., 1998 (with the cold virus) and Marucha et al., 1998 (with mouth wounds) link stress with _____, supporting _____. cardiovascular functioning; the direct effect model cardiovascular functioning; the indirect effect model immune functioning; the direct effect model immune functioning; the indirect effect model

immune functioning; the direct effect model

In Ader and Cohen's (1975) discovery that the immune system can be classically conditioned, what was the conditioned response? the immunosuppressive drug the sugar water immune suppression in response to the drug immune suppression in response to the sugar water

immune suppression in response to the sugar water

Dr. Riley's study shows that stress causes heart disease, which is explained by the lower medication adherence rates that accompany stress. Dr. Riley's results are consistent with the _ model of stress and illness. direct effect indirect effect illness behavior diathesis-stress

indirect effect

In a study on the effect of physician communication style on patient satisfaction, college students read a passage depicting an interaction between a "warm" or "cold" physician and a patient. In the "warm" condition, the physician in the passage communicated medical recommendations with care and compassion; in the "cold" condition, the physician communicated medical recommendations in a distant and aloof manner. The college students were asked to imagine themselves as the patient while reading the passage and then report their level of satisfaction with the physician's communication style. This study likely has: high mundane realism and high experimental realism. high mundane realism and low experimental realism. low mundane realism and high experimental realism. low mundane realism and low experimental realism.

low mundane realism and low experimental realism.

Dr. Yu's patient has frequent sinus infections and treats each case with strong antibiotics without considering the impact of frequently taking antibiotics on other systems (such as their digestive system). Dr. Yu's approach can BEST be characterized as: mechanistic. dualistic. holistic. somatic.

mechanistic

Suppose researchers found that optimistic students are less likely than pessimistic students to develop colds. Further, they found that this relationship exists because the students' optimism caused them to sleep well, and sleeping well caused lower vulnerability to colds. Therefore, sleep quality was identified as a: moderaotr mediator third varibale

mediator

The Hassles Scale would be most likely to include _, whereas the SRRS would be most likely to include _. splitting from your business partner; running out of printer ink having heart surgery; winning the Nobel Prize misplacing your phone; getting a paper cut missing a bus; having a baby

missing a bus; having a baby

Suppose researchers conducted an experiment on expressive writing and health. They find that the participants who were assigned to the treatment/experimental (expressive writing) condition developed fewer colds in the subsequent 6 months than participants who were assigned to the control (mundane writing) condition. However, upon further analysis, the researchers realized that only the participants who had previously experienced a trauma benefited from the expressive writing - the participants who had no history of trauma developed the same number of colds in the next 6 months as those in the control condition. Thus, there was a _____ in the study. confound moderator mediator

moderator

To examine the link between stress and eating behaviors, a researcher gives students a stress survey and also observes the food choices they make in the dining hall. Is this study experimental or non-experimental?

non- experimental

After working remotely for a year, Ash is notified that he is required to return to the office, and thinks that interacting with his colleagues in person will be difficult and stressful. Ash is experiencing _____ and is _____ to have a stress response. primary appraisal; likely (assuming that he appraises his coping resources to be low in secondary appraisal) secondary appraisal; likely primary appraisal; unlikely secondary appraisal; unlikely

primary appraisal; likely (assuming that he appraises his coping resources to be low in secondary appraisal)

Dr. Shah is interested in understanding factors involved in student success, and measures how often students meditate at the beginning of the semester. At the end of the semester, Dr. Shah obtains the students' GPAs. This is a _ study. prospective retrospective

prspective

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the activity of the SAM system? releases epinephrine releases norepinephrine releases cortisol acts relatively quickly

releases cortisol

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the activity of the HPA system? releases cortisol has a relatively long-lasting response acts relatively slowly releases epinephrine

releases epinephrine

Dr. Rosen is interested in the association between social relationships and health, and asks the participants to complete a symptom checklist (to measure their current health) and a measure of the frequency of social contact with friends and family members in the past year. Dr. Rosen has conducted _ research. prospective retrospective

retrospective

After having a baby, Mai thinks that she doesn't have anyone to help her. Mai engaging in _ and is _ to have a stress response. primary appraisal; likely secondary appraisal; likely primary appraisal; unlikely secondary appraisal; unlikely

secondary appraisal; likely

In an effort to establish a causal relationship between optimism and exercise behaviors, Dr. Diaz notes that people with high levels of optimism are more likely to exercise later than those with low levels of optimism, but there is no relation between exercising and subsequent optimism. Which condition for establishing causality in quasi-experimental design did Dr. Diaz meet? dose to response relationship intervention has an effect dose to response relationship intervention has an effect temporal priority animal analogs animal analogs

temporal priority

May, Brock, and Ash recently started college, and have many HW assignments and noisy roommates. They're most likely to have different scores on: the SRRS. the Hassles Scale. the Perceived Stress Scale. the Student Stress Scale.

the Perceived Stress Scale.

Suppose researchers found a correlation between work stress and the rate of heart attacks - people who had higher levels of work stress were more likely to have a heart attack than those with lower levels of work stress. After doing more investigating, they realized that work stress was not causing people to have heart attacks. Rather, people who had hostile personalities suffered from more work stress (their hostile attitudes made working more stressful) and were also more likely to have heart attacks (their hostility caused the heart attacks). Thus, the researchers identified a: third variable moderator mediator

third variable

About what proportion of deaths can be attributed to behaviors such as smoking or a sedentary lifestyle? 5% 25% 50% 75%

50%

Which of the following statements consistent with Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome is NOT true? We respond to stressful experiences with an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. Extended physiological stress responses make us vulnerable to illness. We have the same general physiological response to stressors that vary in predictability and controllability. None of the above (i.e., all of the above are true).

We have the same general physiological response to stressors that vary in predictability and controllability.