Immune System Quiz

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Aids, measles, and mumps.

Name 3 viral diseases.

TRUE

TRUE or FALASE bacteria can develope resistance to antibiotics.

B cells

made in bone marrow; "patrol squad". produce proteins called antibodies. hook onto antigen and clump them together so they can be destroyed by phagocytes

macrophage

"eat" pathogens and starts the immune response; activate the helper T cells

active immunity

a person's own immune system produces antibodies in response to the pressure of a pathogen.

passive immunity

antibodies come from another source other than one's own response (shots, mother). It is short lived protection.

prions

are infectious proteins that convert regular celled proteins into phons

weakened

A vaccine is made from a _________ form of a virus.

TRUE

A virus cannot function on its own.

TRUE

A virus is not a cell. It does not have cytoplasm or organelles.

fungi

single or multicelled organism that feed on organic material, includes yeast and molds. have rigid walls and no chlorophyll. (ringworm, athlete's feet)

external body defenses

skin; breathing passages; mouth and stomach; watery eyes.

virus

smallest pathogen, nonliving, change rapidly, reproduces by using a living body cell.

Third line of defense

the immune system's specific response

reproduction

the only life function viruses can preform is ______________.

fever

the response of chemicals produced during inflammitory response. high temps kill pathogens

Examples of third line of defense

B Cells (patrol squad); NK cells or killer cells (finish off virus); T cells (tag virus); antigens and antibodies (clump viruses together so they can be eaten)

Bacteria

Prokaryotic single-celled organisms in the domain Bacteria or archea.

lysoganic cycle

This cycle puts DNA/RNA in a host cell. then replicating as host cell divides.

interferon and antibodies

Two natural defenses the body has against viruses are ________________.

protein

Viruses consist of nucleic acids covered by a coat of _________.

viruses

are small paeticles that change rapidly

bacteria

bacteria; are in the domain Bacteria and Archaea; have no nucleus; does have plasma membrane and cell wall.

First line of defense

barriers that block pathogens

immunity

body's ability to destroy pathogens before they cause disease.

protists

cause malaria (Anopheles mosquito); African sleeping sickness (tsetse fly) and Giardia

antigen

chemical structure unique to pathogen

Pathogen

disease- causing agent that spreads communicable diseases.

T cells

helper cells; killer cells; responsible for identifying pathogen by identifying their antigen. signals B cells into action.

protozoa

single celled organism more complex than bacteria. have no specialized tissue, catch all group.

Second line of defense

immune system's nonspecific response

Examples of second line of defense

inflammation (tells body where pathogen is); fever (body temp rises and kills pathogens); interferon (tells other cells about virus)

internal body defenses

inflammatory response and immune response

noncommunicable

or chronic, are not spread by pathogens and are preasant either continuously or for a long time: caused by genetics, lifestyle or environment.

How pathogens are spread

physical or airborne contact with infected person; soil food and water; contaminated objects like towels, silverware, needles; infected animals (rabies, Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, West Nile Virus)

interferon

protein made from infectious cells.

histamine

released by most cells in the tissue and basophils in blood; help inflammation to happen and triggers your body to fight invader.

memory B cells

remember what to do it attacked again and respond more quickly

inflammation

result of blood vessels widening and fluid leaking into nearby tissue to prevent spread of disease

bacilli

rod shaped, take in nutrients easily, dry out easily( tetaneus/lockjaw-toxin)

ricketisa

similar to bacteria but multiply like virus, smaller than bacteria.

bacteria

single celled microorganisms, over 1000 kinds but only 100 known cause disease

Antibiotic

substance that kills or shows the growth of bacteria

Examples of first line of defense

tears (carry them away); skin (sweat carries them away); saliva (collects them); stomach acid (destroys them); mucous membrane or breathing passages (sneeze/cough them out)

antibodies

their shape is specialized to match an antigen like a key fits a lock.

communicable

type of disease in which the pathogen can be passed to a person from another person, animal, or object.

cells

viruses, unlike bbacteria, are not composed of _____.

vaccines

weakened or dead form of a virus that triggers an immune response so the body makes antibodies to fight the virus. Booster shots may be necessary. Immune system remembers virus and kills it before it spreads.

lytic cycle

what cycle maufactures viruses

DNA

what is found in a wart or chicken pox virus.

RNA

what is found in colds, flu, or HIV.

capsid

what is the name of the protein coat that covers a virus. `

spacecraft virus shape

what shape of a virus attacks bacteria.

spheres virus shape

what shape of a virus represents the influenza and HIV

crystals virus shape

what shape of a virus represents the pollio disease.

cylinders virus shape

what shape of a virus represents the tabaco mosaic virus

thymus gland

where T cell development is completed

inside

where do scientists find DNA and RNA on the capsid.

phagocytes

white blood cells, engulf pathogens and destroy them


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