IT Ethics

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In a for-profit organization, it is the primary objective of the _____ to oversee the organization's business activities and management for the benefit of shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, and the community.

board of directors

a statement that highlights an organization's key ethical issues and identifies the overarching values and principles that are important to the organization and its decision making is known as which of the following

code of ethics

An approach to ethical decision making that is based on a vision of society as a community whose members work together to achieve a general set of values and goals is the approach.

common good

Decisions and policies that use the approach to decision making attempt to implement social systems, institutions, and environments that everyone depends on and that benefit all people.

common good

Which of the following positions provides an organization with vision and leadership in the area of business conduct?

corporate ethics officer

In the case of the United States v. New York Central & Hudson River Railroad Co, the Supreme Court established that ____

organizations can escape criminal liability if they make strong efforts to prevent and detect misconduct in the workplace.

A(n) ____ is a clear, concise statement of an issue that needs to be addressed.

problem statement

Consistency means that shareholders, customers, suppliers, and the community know what they can expect of an organization—that it will behave in the future much as it has in the past.

true

Employees may suppress their tendency to act in a manner that seems ethical to them and instead act in a manner that will protect them against anticipated punishment.

true

Fairness and generosity are examples of virtues.

true

In the business world, important IT decisions are too often left to the technical experts; general business managers must assume greater responsibility for these decisions.

true

In the business world, important decisions are too often left to the technical experts; general business managers must assume greater responsibility for these decisions.

true

Laws can proclaim an act as legal, although many people may consider the act immoral.

true

Line operations personnel can be appointed as corporate ethics officers.

true

Most people have developed a decision-making process they use almost automatically, without thinking about the steps they go through.

true

Problem stakeholders who stand to lose or gain from a situation should be kept out of the decision making proves as they will simply introduce their personal biases.

true

Setting corporate social responsibility (CSR) goals encourages an organization to achieve higher moral and ethical standards.

true

Supply chain sustainability takes into account such issues as fair labor practices, energy and resource conservation, human rights, and community responsibility.

true

The goal of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was to renew investor's trust in corporate executives and their firm's financial reports following numerous financial scandals in the early 2000s.

true

The term ethics describes standards or codes of behavior expected of an individual by a group to which an individual belongs to.

true

The term morality refers to social conventions about right and wrong that are so widely shared that they become the basis for an established consensus.

true

Well over half of all organizations include ethical conducts as part of an employee's performance appraisal.

true

In an environment where employees are encouraged to do "whatever it takes" to get the job done, employees may feel pressure to act in which of the following ways?

unethically

A complication of the ____ approach to decision making is that measuring and comparing the values of certain benefits and costs is often difficult, if not impossible.

utilitarian

The goal of the _____ approach to ethical decision making is to find the single greatest good by balancing the interests of all affected parties.

utilitarian

In 2009, 43 percent of all software in circulation worldwide was pirated - at a cost of over _____ (USD).

$50 Billion

During the problem definition process, one must be extremely careful not make _____ about the situation.

assumptions

A set of beliefs about right and wrong behavior within a society is called ____.

Moral Code

____ had one of the lowest software piracy rates in 2009.

New Zealand

Section 406 of the ____ requires public companies to disclose whether they have a code of ethics and to disclose any wavier of the code for certain members of senior management.

Sarbanes-Oxley act

The chairman of _____, an Indian-based outsourcing firm, admitted he had overstated the company's assets by more than $1 billion in India's largest ever corporate scandal.

Satyam Computer Services

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act states that _____

annual reports must contain a statement signed by the CEO and CFO attesting that the information in all of the firm's SEC filings is accurate.

An individual's manager has very little impact on his or her ethical behavior.

false

An individual's manager has very little impact on his/her ethical behavior.

false

Greater globalization has decreased the likelihood of unethical behavior.

false

Lawrence Kohlberg found that many factors stimulate a person's moral development, but one of the most crucial is monetary reward for good behavior.

false

Lawrence Kohlberg found that the most crucial factor that stimulates a person's moral development is monetary reward for good behavior.

false

Multinational and global organizations must not present a consistent face to their shareholders, customers, and suppliers but instead must operate with a different value system in each country they do business in.

false

Stakeholders who stand to lose or gain from a situation should be kept out of the decision making process as they will simply introduce their personal biases.

false

The board of directors of an organization is normally responsible for day-to-day management and operations of the organization.

false

individual views on what is moral are so strongly held that there is nearly universal agreement in spite of differences in age, cultural group, ethnic background, religion, life experience, education, and gender.

false

A discrepancy between employee's own values and an organization's actions:

fosters poor performance

The _____ that socially responsible activities create can make it easier for corporations to conduct their business.

goodwill

Based on a 2009 National Business Ethics Survey, the percentage of employees who said they reported misconduct in the workplace when they saw it _____

increased from 2007 to 2009

Based on a 2013 National Business Ethics Survey, the percentage of employees who said they reported misconduct in the workplace when they saw it is characterized by which of the following statements?

increased from 2011 to 2013

The growth of the Internet and the ability to capture and store vast amounts of personal data have increased the risk that will be used unethically.

information technology

To extend to all people the same respect and consideration that you expect from them is considered which of the following character traits?

integrity

A well-implemented ethics and compliance program and a strong ethical culture can lead to:

less pressure on employees to misbehave.

Every society forms a set of rules that establishes the boundaries of generally accepted behavior. These rules are often expressed in statements about how people should behave, and they fit together to form the _____ by which a society lives.

moral code

Every society forms a set of rules that establishes the boundaries of generally accepted behavior. These rules are often expressed in statements about how people should behave, and they fit together to form the ______ by which a society lives.

moral code

One's personal beliefs about right and wrong are known as which of the following?

morals

A stakeholder is someone who stands to gain or lose, depending on how a situation is resolved.

true

An individual who acts with integrity acts in accordance with a personal code of principles.

true

The greater reliance of information systems in all aspects of life has decreased the risk that information technology will be used unethically.

False

The piracy rate is nearly 80 percent across which continent?

Africa

The moral corruption of people in power, which is often facilitated by a tendency for people to look the other way when their leaders act inappropriately has been given the name

Bathsheba syndrome

The goodwill that is created by which of the following can make it easier for corporations to conduct their business?

CSR (corporate social responsibility) activities

Which of the following identifies the concept that an organization should act ethically by taking accountability for the impact of its actions on the environment, the community, and the welfare of its employees?

Corporate social responsibility

_____ is the concept that an organization should act ethically by taking accountability for the impact of its actions on the environment, the community, and the welfare of its employees.

Corporate social responsibility

Which of the following steps in the decision-making process gathers and analyzes facts and also identifies stakeholders affected by the decision?

Develop problem statement

Which of the following is the most critical step in the decision-making process?

Development of a problem statement

An organization's mission statement highlights its key ethical issues and identifies the overreaching values and principles that are important to the organization and its decision making.

False

If the desired results are not achieved upon implementation of a solution, one should return to the "identify alternatives" step of the decision making process and rework the decision.

False

The fairness approach to ethical decision making states that one should choose the action or policy that has the best overall consequences for all people who are directly or indirectly affected.

False

is the practice of illegally making copies of software or enabling others to access software to which they are not entitled.

Software Piracy

In the case of United States v. New York Central & Hudson River Railroad Co., the U.S. Supreme Court established that:

an employer can be held responsible for the acts of its employees even if the employees act in a manner contrary to their employer's directions

Which of the following statements best describes a reason why organizations pursue corporate social responsibility (CSR) goals and promote a work environment in which employees are encouraged to act ethically when making business decisions?

To gain the goodwill of the community

Employees may suppress their tendency to act in a manner that seems ethical to them and instead act in a manner that will protect them against anticipated punishment.

True

Ethics has risen to the top of the business agenda because risks associated with inappropriate behavior have increased, both in their likelihood and in their potential negative impact.

True

Increasingly, managers are including ethical conduct as part of an employee's performance appraisal.

True

Laws can proclaim an act as legal, although many people may consider the act immoral.

True

Line operations personnel can be appointed as corporate ethics officers.

True

Setting corporate social responsibility (CSR) goals encourages an organization to achieve higher moral and ethical standards.

True

The virtues ethics approach to decision making focuses on how one should behave and think about relationships if he or she is concerned with his or her daily life in the community

True

In the case of United States v. New York Central & Hudson River Railroad Co., the U.S. Supreme Court established that:

an employer can be held responsible for the acts of its employees even if the employees act in a manner contrary to their employer's directions.

During which step of the decision-making process should one be extremely careful not to make assumptions about the situation?

develop problem statement

The step in the decision-making process during which you identify how serious the problem is and who is affected is the _____ step.

develop problem statement

which of the following steps in the decision-making process gathers and analyzes facts and also identifies stakeholders affected by the decision?

develop problem statement

A code of ethics cannot gain company-wide acceptance unless it is fully endorsed by the organization's leadership and developed with which of the following?

employee participation

Companies that develop and maintain strong employee relations ____.

enjoy lower turnover rates

Companies that develop and maintain strong employee relations:

enjoy lower turnover rates.

A set of beliefs about right and wrong behavior within a society is known as which of the following?

ethics

____ describes standards or codes of behavior expected of an individual by a group (nation, organizations, profession) to which an individual belongs.

ethics

_____ describes standards or codes of behavior expected of an individual by a group (nation, organization, profession) to which an individual belongs.

ethics

In which step of the decision-making process should the decision makers consider laws, guidelines, policies, and principles that might apply to the decision?

evaluate and choose alternative

The principle that the ethical choice treats everyone the same and shows no favoritism or discrimination is most closely associated with the _____ approach to dealing with moral issues.

fairness

In a social audit, a firm

reviews how well it is meeting its ethical and social responsibility goals.

According to research conducted by Ethisphere Institute, the stock price performance for the 2010 world's one hundred most ethical companies was _____ that the S&P 500 and Financial Times 100 from 2005 to 2010.

significantly better

In a(n) ____, an organization reviews how well it is meeting its ethical and social responsibility goals, and communicates its new goals for the upcoming year.

social audit

Someone who stands to gain or lose, depending on how a situation is resolved is known as which of the following?

stakeholder

Someone who stands to gain or lose, depending on how a situation is resolved is called a(n) _____

stakeholder.

Companies that develop and maintain strong employee relations ____

suffer lower turnover rates.

the general public needs to develop a better understanding of the critical importance of ethics as it applies to IT One of the two fundamental tenets on which this book is based is that _____.

the general public needs to develop a better understanding of the critical importance of ethics as it applies to IT

A rapid increase in the appointment of corporate ethics officers typically follows:

the revelation of a major business scandal.

In the decision-making process of implementing the decision, what plan must be defined to explain to people how they will move from the old way of doing things to the new way

transition

What term is used to describe a habit of unacceptable behavior?

vice

Which of the following terms best describes a habit that inclines people to do what is acceptable?

virtue


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