Maternal EAQ
The nurse is discussing the importance of breastfeeding and the risks associated with cow's milk with a new mother. What condition is associated with feeding cow's milk to the infant? Hypocalcemia Hypercalcemia Hypophosphatemia Hyperphosphatemia
Hypocalcemia
The nurse is teaching the nursing student about semen analysis. Which statement by the student indicates the need for further teaching? "The patient should be instructed to masturbate to obtain the semen sample." "The test must be performed within 2 hours of collecting the semen sample." "A spermicide-free plastic sheath must be used to collect the semen sample." "A cold environment or low temperature is suitable for storing the semen sample."
"A cold environment or low temperature is suitable for storing the semen sample." Semen samples should not be kept in a cold environment or at low temperatures as it reduces the sperm motility. For collecting the semen sample, the patient should be instructed to masturbate, as it stimulates the impulse.
The nurse is educating a patient to palpate the cervix to assess changes that indicate ovulation. Which statement by the woman indicates the need for further teaching? "The cervical mucus is watery and clear during ovulation." "The cervical os becomes slightly dilated during ovulation." "The cervical mucus is copious and thick during ovulation." "The cervix softens and rises in the vagina during ovulation."
"The cervical mucus is watery and clear during ovulation."
Following a discussion about assisted reproductive therapy (ART), the nurse asks a student nurse questions about in vitro fertilization (IVF). Which statement by the student nurse indicates the need for further explanation? "IVF is commonly indicated for treating endometriosis." "In IVF, the ova are fertilized with the sperm in the lab." "The fertilized embryo is placed into the fallopian tube." "In IVF, the ova are aseptically removed from the ovaries."
"The fertilized embryo is placed into the fallopian tube." In the IVF process, the embryo is not transferred into the fallopian tubes but directly placed in the endometrial lining of the uterus
The nurse is assessing an infant born after 42 weeks of gestation. Which characteristics may be seen in the infant? Select all that apply. Soft cranium Weak gag reflex Green vernix caseosa Small, scrawny appearance Wasted physical appearance
Green vernix caseosa Wasted physical appearance
When using the basal body temperature method of family planning, what should the woman know? She will remain fertile for five days after ovulation. She should take her temperature each night before going to bed. Her temperature will increase about 0.4° to 0.8° F after ovulation. Her temperature is normally lower during the second half of her cycle.
Her temperature will increase about 0.4° to 0.8° F after ovulation.
The nurse is informing a diabetic pregnant patient about the dietary changes, need for exercise, and possible risks to the fetus. Which fetal risks does the nurse need to inform the patient about? Select all that apply. Galactosemia Hypoglycemia Phenylketonuria Fetal macrosomia Respiratory distress syndrome
Hypoglycemia Fetal macrosomia Respiratory distress syndrome Fetal macrosomia is seen in some infants born to diabetic women due to maternal hyperlipidemia and increased lipid transfer to the fetus. Hypoglycemia is seen in infants of diabetic women at birth because the infant's glucose supply is removed abruptly at the time of birth. Hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia reduce fetal surfactant synthesis and cause respiratory distress syndrome in the infant of a diabetic woman.
Which prescription will be included in an infant's plan of care to decrease the withdrawal effects of heroin in an infant? Sildenafil (Revatio) Methadone (Dolophine) Phenobarbital (Luminal) Levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid)
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Which symptom should the nurse expect in a female patient who presents with elevated androgen levels? Loss of body hair Skin rashes and acne Pigmentation changes Decreased body weight
Pigmentation changes An increase in androgen ( male sexual hormone) levels causes pigmentation changes in the patient. This is because the epidermis becomes coarse and thick.
The nurse finds that a pregnant patient is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive. Which event would pose a potential risk to the fetus? Cesarean birth Fluid imbalance Blood transfusion Placental separation
Placental separation
What are the symptoms of toxic shock syndrome? Select all that apply. Sore throat Constipation Decrease in libido Arthralgia and myalgia Sudden onset of high fever
Sore throat Arthralgia and myalgia Sudden onset of high fever
The nurse is speaking to a patient with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) about the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) she has been prescribed. What should the nurse state as the reason for prescribing this medication to the patient? The medication helps elevate mood. The medication reduces breast tenderness. The medication prevents abdominal cramps. The medication is used to prevent inflammation of the uterus.
The medication reduces breast tenderness. NSAIDs are usually prescribed for a patient with PMDD to decrease physical symptoms such as breast tenderness. NSAIDs are also helpful in reducing pain from abdominal cramps, but abdominal cramps are not a symptom associated with PMDD. NSAIDs do not interfere with the serotonin levels in the body. Therefore this drug would not be helpful in elevating the patient's mood. NSAIDs have antiinflammatory properties. However, inflammation of uterine walls is not a pathologic event occurring in premenstrual syndrome.
The nurse is educating first-time mothers on breastfeeding. What are the common reasons for breastfeeding cessation? Select all that apply. The mother may have an insufficient supply of milk. The mother may have painful nipples while feeding. The mother may be embarrassed about breastfeeding. The mother may not get enough sleep during breastfeeding. The mother may have insufficient knowledge about lactation.
The mother may have an insufficient supply of milk. The mother may have painful nipples while feeding. The mother may not get enough sleep during breastfeeding. The mother may have insufficient knowledge about lactation.
The nurse is briefing a patient about the changes in the cervical mucus during the menstrual cycle. Which statement should the nurse include? The mucus becomes clear during the ovulation period. The mucus becomes thick during the ovulation period. The mucus becomes watery during the ovulation period. The mucus becomes yellowish during the ovulation period.
The mucus becomes thick during the ovulation period. Hormonal levels vary during the menstrual cycle. The characteristics of the cervical mucus also change throughout the menstrual cycle. The mucus becomes thick and abundant during the ovulation period. During this stage, the mucus is called spinnbarkeit, as it feels like a lubricant and can be stretched approximately up to 5 cm between the thumb and forefinger. The mucus becomes clear and watery before the ovulation period.
The nurse must evaluate a male patient's knowledge regarding the use of a condom. The nurse recognizes the need for additional instruction if the patient makes which statement? He leaves a small amount of air in the tip. He leaves an empty space at the tip of the condom. He lubricates the condom with a spermicide containing nonoxynol-9. He removes his still-erect penis from the vagina while holding onto the base of the condom.
He lubricates the condom with a spermicide containing nonoxynol-9. Nonoxynol-9 is no longer recommended. Recent data suggest that frequent use of nonoxynol-9 may increase human immunodeficiency virus transmission and can cause genital lesions.
The nurse is assessing a couple for infertility problems. After reviewing the patient's history and laboratory results, the nurse finds that the patient is being treated with clomiphene (Milophene). However, there has not been an increase in the sperm count. What else could be added to the prescription that would help the patient to increase the sperm count? Bromocriptine (Parlodel) Progesterone (Prometrium) Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Which medication should the nurse expect to find in the patient's medication profile for the treatment of uterine fibroid tumors? Leuprolide acetate (Lupron) Ganirelix acetate (Antagon) Progesterone (Prometrium) Clomiphene citrate (Clomid)
Leuprolide acetate (Lupron) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists like leuprolide acetate (Lupron) are used for the treatment of uterine fibroids. These medications desensitize the GnRH agonist receptors and decrease the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and ovarian function.
Which interventions does the nurse incorporate in the plan of care to comfort the parents after the death of their preterm infant? Select all that apply. Notifies a member of the clergy if the parents desire Discusses the funeral arrangements with the parents Encourages the parents to take a photograph with the infant Avoids expressing grief for the infant in front of the parents Takes the infant away if the mother is unwilling to see the infant
Notifies a member of the clergy if the parents desire Discusses the funeral arrangements with the parents Encourages the parents to take a photograph with the infant
What interventions should the nurse perform while caring for a 16-year-old patient diagnosed with gonococcal infection? Select all that apply. Obtain an order for a serologic test for syphilis. Refer the patient for cryotherapy to remove lesions. Administer 100 mg doxycycline (Vibramycin) twice daily. Tell the patient to take bed rest in a semi-Fowler position. Report the infection to the patient's local health authorities.
Obtain an order for a serologic test for syphilis. Administer 100 mg doxycycline (Vibramycin) twice daily. Report the infection to the patient's local health authorities. Patients diagnosed with gonococcal infection should be tested for syphilis and chlamydia infection because they are susceptible to these infections. The nurse should report the infection to the local health authority as required by policy or law, because gonorrhea is a communicable disease, and health authorities must be alerted. Doxycycline, 100 mg, is prescribed in patients between 13 and 17 years of age for gonococcal infection.
The nurse is caring for an infant born at 28 weeks of gestation. Which complication can the nurse expect to observe during the course of the infant's hospitalization? Select all that apply. Polycythemia Patent ductus arteriosus Periventricular hemorrhage Respiratory distress syndrome Meconium aspiration syndrome Persistent pulmonary hypertension
Patent ductus arteriosus Periventricular hemorrhage Respiratory distress syndrome
A patient tells the nurse, "I tend to start gaining weight 1 week before my menstrual cycle begins, and my legs become swollen. My breasts also become very painful. What bothers me most is that I argue with my family members when depressed and irritated." What does the nurse conclude from the patient's history? The patient has primary dysmenorrhea. The patient has secondary dysmenorrhea. The patient has premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The patient has premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
The patient has premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Excess weight gain, edema of the lower limbs, breast tenderness, depressed mood, and irritability that persist for 1 week before the onset of menses indicate PMDD.
The nurse is preparing a care plan for a patient diagnosed with hypogonadotropic amenorrhea. The patient does not provide any history of sudden weight loss, eating disorder, or involvement in heavy exercise. What should be the most important goal for this patient? To identify the stressor To prepare a diet regimen To provide pain relief in the patient To rule out the possibility of an infection
To identify the stressor
A patient who used cocaine during pregnancy asks the nurse about feeding the infant. The infant is being treated for cocaine withdrawal symptoms. After further discussion, the nurse finds that the patient is not willing to participate in the drug rehabilitation program and still uses cocaine frequently. What does the nurse instruct the patient related to infant nutrition? "Avoid breastfeeding the child." "The child needs parenteral nutrition." "Avoid using infant formulas for the child." "Breastfeeding may be good for the child."
"Avoid breastfeeding the child." The nurse instructs the parent to avoid breastfeeding the infant because significant amounts of cocaine are found in breast milk. Breastfeeding may expose the child to further complications.
The nurse is assessing a patient who has undergone hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO). The patient tells the nurse that she used to have episodes of excessive irritability before menses. The patient reports having similar symptoms at times even after the surgery. What should be the nurse's response to the patient? "Such symptoms are absolutely normal." "You should get psychological counseling." "You should undergo a thyroid function test." "You need to have an abdominal ultrasound scheduled immediately."
"You should get psychological counseling."
After checking the laboratory report of a patient, the nurse reports to the primary health care provider findings that the patient has developed insulin resistance and anovulation. What should the nurse expect to be prescribed for the patient? Danazol (Danocrine) and glipizide (Glucotrol) Bromocriptine (Parlodel) and glyburide (Diabeta) Clomiphene (Clomid) and metformin (Glucophage) Progesterone (Prometrium) and acarbose (Precose)
Clomiphene (Clomid) and metformin (Glucophage) The patient has anovulation and insulin resistance. Therefore, the primary health care provider may prescribe a combination of clomiphene to promote ovulation and metformin to control blood sugar levels. Clomiphene increases pituitary production and increases the production of follicle-stimulating hormone. Insulin resistance causes hyperinsulinemia, which is a feature of polycystic ovary syndrome
Which maternal clinical tests does the nurse need to evaluate to identify Rh(D) sensitization in order to prevent fetal complications? Select all that apply. Coombs' test Ultrasonography Meconium sampling Kleihauer-Betke assay Doppler ultrasonography
Coombs' test Ultrasonography Doppler ultrasonography The Coombs' test is used to identify antibodies in the maternal blood, which can help detect the potential for isoimmunization. Ultrasonography helps detect alterations in the placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid volume, as well as the presence of fetal hydrops. This allows for early treatment and prevents the development of erythroblastosis. Doppler ultrasonography helps detect and measure fetal hemoglobin and therefore helps assess the risk for fetal anemia.
The medical history of a patient who has just delivered an infant indicates drug abuse in the last few weeks of pregnancy. The newborn shows no signs of withdrawal symptoms in the first week after birth, and therefore the infant and the mother are discharged. Which nursing intervention is important in this case? Referring the parent to a drug rehabilitation program Asking the parent to avoid breastfeeding for a month Instilling antibiotics in the infant's eyes before discharge Establishing rapport and maintaining contact with the family
Establishing rapport and maintaining contact with the family
The nurse is assessing a very low-birth-weight infant who had a preterm birth. Which condition is likely to be seen in the infant? Macrosomia Ischemic injury Congenital sepsis Facial nerve paralysis
Ischemic injury The increase or decrease in cerebral blood flow subsequent to asphyxia makes preterm infants vulnerable to ischemic injury.
The nurse tells a new mother, "Feeding in the first 3 days after childbirth is very important." What are the reasons behind this statement? Select all that apply. It facilitates passing of meconium. It promotes growth spurts in babies. It helps establish flora in the intestine. The milk during the first 3 days contains rich antibodies. The milk during the first 3 days contains rich proteins and fats.
It facilitates passing of meconium It helps establish flora in the intestine. The milk during the first 3 days contains rich antibodies.
A 26-year-old woman is considering Depo-Provera as the contraception that is best for her because she does not like to worry about taking a pill every day. To assist this woman with decision making concerning this method of contraception, what should the nurse tell her about Depo-Provera? It is a combination of progesterone and estrogen. It is a small adhesive hormonal birth control patch that is applied weekly. It has an effectiveness rate in preventing pregnancy of 96% when used correctly. It thickens and decreases cervical mucus, thereby inhibiting sperm penetration and ovulation.
It thickens and decreases cervical mucus, thereby inhibiting sperm penetration and ovulation.
A male infant at 26 weeks of gestation arrives from the delivery room intubated. The nurse weighs the infant, places him under the radiant warmer, and attaches him to the ventilator at the prescribed settings. A pulse oximeter and cardiorespiratory monitor are placed. The pulse oximeter is recording oxygen saturations of 80%. The prescribed saturations are 92%. What is the nurse's most appropriate action? Notify the parents that their infant is not doing well Continue to observe and make no changes until the saturations are 75% Continue with the admission process to ensure that a thorough assessment is completed Listen to breath sounds and ensure the patency of the endotracheal tube, increase oxygen, and notify the physician
Listen to breath sounds and ensure the patency of the endotracheal tube, increase oxygen, and notify the physician
Which action does the nurse implement in the plan of care of a breastfeeding infant if the mother is taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for the treatment of depression? Administers antibiotics to the infant Asks the parent to avoid breastfeeding Assesses the infant's skin for side effects Monitors the infant for sleep disturbances
Monitors the infant for sleep disturbances SSRIs are prescribed for depression. However, the drugs pass into the breast milk after the infant's birth and cause sleep disturbances, irritability, and poor feeding. Hence, the nurse needs to monitor the infant for these conditions.
The nurse is caring for an infant who is suspected to have neonatal sepsis. Which neonatal risk factor for an infant with suspected neonatal sepsis would the nurse expect to observe? Singleton gestation and female Multiple gestation and low birth weight Small for gestational age (SGA) and intrauterine growth restriction Large for gestational age (LGA) and an infant of a diabetic mother
Multiple gestation and low birth weight
Semen analysis is a common diagnostic procedure related to infertility. In instructing a male patient regarding this test, the nurse tells him to do what? Ejaculate into a sterile container. Transport specimen with container packed in ice. Obtain the specimen after a period of abstinence from ejaculation of 2 to 7 days. Ensure that the specimen arrives at the laboratory within 30 minutes of ejaculation.
Obtain the specimen after a period of abstinence from ejaculation of 2 to 7 days.
The nurse is preparing to speak to a group of women who are at risk for developing dysmenorrhea. Which patients should be included in the teaching session? Select all that apply. Patients who smoke. Patients who have a low body mass index. Patients who have more than two children. Patients who are involved in strenuous exercise. Patients who have high stress as a result of work.
Patients who smoke. Patients who have high stress as a result of work. Research has proved that women who smoke are more susceptible to dysmenorrhea. Women who are highly stressed are also prone to have dysmenorrhea. Smoking and stress may cause excessive release of prostaglandin F 2-alpha (PGF 2α), which causes painful uterine contractions.
Which intervention does the nurse include while providing care for a preterm infant with a soft cranium? Places the infant on a gel mattress Places the infant on a soft mattress Provides skin-to-skin (kangaroo) contact Transfers the infant to a heated incubator
Places the infant on a gel mattress A preterm infant with a soft cranium is at risk for deformation caused by positioning on a mattress. Therefore the nurse places the infant on a gel mattress, which reduces the risk of cranial molding.
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a patient who has undergone semen testing. The nurse notices that the patient is in the subfertile stage. What is the next step that the nurse should take? Plan to have the test repeated. Schedule a scrotal ultrasound. Counsel about infertility issues. Arrange for hormone level tests.
Plan to have the test repeated. A minimum of two seminal analyses are recommended before determining the cause of infertility or referring for further testing. If abnormalities are found during the first test, the nurse should plan for a second seminal analysis after a sufficient interval.
Which infants are classified as being high risk? Select all that apply. Postterm (postmature) infants Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants Extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) infants Appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants
Postterm (postmature) infants Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants Extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) infants
The nurse is reviewing the basal body temperature (BBT) report of a patient. The nurse finds that the patient has a 99.14 degree F (37.3 degree C) BBT at the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The report shows the same BBT level in the consecutive month. What condition would this indicate? Pregnancy Time of ovulation Delayed ovulation Early menstruation
Pregnancy Fluctuations in basal body temperatures are a common observation reported in females during different phases of the menstrual cycle. The BBT is elevated in the luteal phase due to increased progesterone levels and reduces after menses. But the elevated levels tend to remain the same if the patient becomes pregnant.
Which interventions does the nurse implement while providing care for an infant with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)? Select all that apply. Provides dim lights in the room Avoids wrapping the infant tightly Reduces noise levels in the room Assesses the infant's skin regularly Encourages the mother to breastfeed
Provides dim lights in the room Reduces noise levels in the room Assesses the infant's skin regularly Encourages the mother to breastfeed
The nurse is assessing a postpartum patient who reports a tingling needle sensation in the breasts as the baby sucks the milk. What does the nurse infer as the etiology for this patient's report? Release of prolactin Release of oxytocin Expansion of breast alveoli Release of catecholamines
Release of oxytocin Oxytocin is a hormone that is responsible for milk ejection or the let-down reflex. This reflex is triggered multiple times during a feeding session. This causes a tingling pin or needle sensation as milk ejection occurs.
A nurse counseling a woman with endometriosis understands which statements as accurate regarding the management of endometriosis? Select all that apply. Bone loss from hypoestrogenism is irreversible. Side effects from the steroid danazol include masculinizing traits. Surgical intervention often is needed for severe or acute symptoms. Women without pain and who do not want to become pregnant need no treatment. Women with mild pain who may want a future pregnancy may take nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Side effects from the steroid danazol include masculinizing traits. Surgical intervention often is needed for severe or acute symptoms. Women without pain and who do not want to become pregnant need no treatment. Women with mild pain who may want a future pregnancy may take nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
The nurse is assessing a 36-year-old patient, who is planning for a second pregnancy. After reviewing the patient's medical record, the nurse provides information about the egg donation process to the patient. What would be the reason for providing this information to the patient? The patient has age-related infertility. The patient has congenital disorders. The patient has premature ovarian failure. The patient suffers from reduced fecundity.
The patient has age-related infertility. The estrogen hormone levels reduce in a 36-year-old patient. This causes age-related infertility due to reduced production of ovum (egg) from the ovaries
The nurse is assessing a 15-year-old high school student who is worried because she has not yet begun menses. The nurse tells the student that she may attain her menses late. What assessment findings might the nurse have noted about the patient? Select all that apply. The patient is morbidly obese. The patient has anorexia nervosa. The patient has a thyroid disorder. The patient has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The patient engages in strenuous sports.
The patient has anorexia nervosa. The patient engages in strenuous sports. Females who have a low body mass index as a result of malnutrition (anorexia) often have delayed onset of menstruation. Females who are involved in strenuous exercises at the time of menarche may also have delayed onset of menstruation. Females who are obese may have early-onset menstruation because of their high body mass index.Females with thyroid disorders or type 1 diabetes mellitus are not known to have a delayed onset of menarche. They are at risk for developing amenorrhea caused by interruption in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian-uterine axis.
The nurse is assessing a patient who is planning to conceive. While reviewing the patient's laboratory reports, the nurse notices a decrease in hypothalamic hormone levels. What should the nurse interpret from this? The patient demonstrates impairment in fallopian factors. The patient will not be able to successfully produce any ova. The patient has a family history of fetal hemorrhagic disorders. The patient has an increased risk of fetal congenital anomalies.
The patient will not be able to successfully produce any ova.
A patient approaches the primary health care provider due to ovulation problems. The nurse instructs the patient to return for a visit 7 days before the menstrual cycle. What is the reason for these instructions? To determine the thickness of the uterine lining To evaluate the viscosity of the cervical mucus To assess the levels of progesterone in the patient To assess the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level
To assess the levels of progesterone in the patient Serum progesterone levels are tested seven days before the onset of the next estimated menstrual cycle. This test would help identify the progesterone levels in the patient. It helps to assess the corpus luteum and midluteal-phase progesterone levels as progesterone plays a role in ovulation and the menstrual cycle.
The nurse is educating a lactating patient about feeding an infant. Why does the nurse ask the patient to breastfeed the child from either breast for longer durations? To increase the levels of oxytocin To increase the colostrum content To increase the caloric intake from fats To increase the volume of milk produced
To increase the caloric intake from fats The nurse advises the patient to feed the infant from each breast for a longer duration because the foremilk contains less fat compared with the hindmilk. The fat obtained from the hindmilk has high caloric value and is needed for optimal growth.
What should discharge instructions after tubal ligation include? Select all that apply. Expecting heavier menstrual periods Using two forms of birth control to prevent pregnancy Using condoms to prevent sexually transmitted infections Being prepared for significant mood swings due to hormonal influences Not expecting change in sexual functioning but possibly enjoying sex more because of no need to be concerned about pregnancy
Using condoms to prevent sexually transmitted infections Not expecting change in sexual functioning but possibly enjoying sex more because of no need to be concerned about pregnancy
The nurse is caring for a patient who is pregnant as a surrogate mother. What condition would the biological mother have in order to need to use a gestational surrogate? Ovarian failure Tubal blockage Uterine myoma Early menopause
Uterine myoma The patient who carries the fetus for another couple is referred to as a surrogate mother. In conditions like uterine myomas, the fertilized ova cannot be impregnated in the uterus of the biological mother. Therefore, the couple would need a surrogate mother to carry the fetus.
A gymnast reports she has not had her menstrual period for the past 2 months. After assessment, the nurse finds that the patient is stressed out by excessive training. What advice should the nurse give the patient for managing stress? Select all that apply. "Lower your caloric intake." "Meditate or do power yoga." "Increase your nutrition intake." "Reduce your physical workout." "Engage in regular physical activity."
"Meditate or do power yoga." "Increase your nutrition intake." "Reduce your physical workout."
The nurse is caring for a 16-year-old female patient who appears underweight and malnourished. Upon assessment, the nurse finds the patient is lacking secondary sexual characteristics and reports not having had her period in a long time. The nurse concludes that the patient is most at risk for which reproductive disorder? Amenorrhea Endometriosis Dysmenorrhea Premenstrual syndrome
Amenorrhea
Which conditions is the nurse alert for in a preterm infant with respiratory distress syndrome? Select all that apply. Jaundice Hypoxemia Mucus plugging Metabolic acidosis Pulmonary hemorrhage
Hypoxemia Metabolic acidosis
What laboratory finding would indicate that the nurse should inform the patient about egg donation? The progesterone level is 10. The progesterone level is 30. The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level is 8. The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level is 25.
The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level is 25. The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels of the patient would be assessed to determine ovarian reserves. If FSH levels are greater than 20, this indicates that a pregnancy will not occur with the patient's own eggs. So the nurse should counsel the patient regarding egg donation to achieve pregnancy.
A patient reports a yellow, malodorous discharge from the vagina. What medication does the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe? Miconazole (Oravig) Tinidazole (Tindamax) Clindamycin (Cleocin) Clotrimazole (Lotrimin)
Tinidazole (Tindamax) Yellow-to-green, frothy, mucopurulent, copious, and malodorous discharge is indicative of Trichomonas infection.
Which condition may be seen in a newborn infant affected by hemolytic disease? Select all that apply. Anemia Jaundice Macrosomia Anencephaly Hypoglycemia
Anemia Jaundice Hypoglycemia
The nurse administers mifepristone (Mifeprex) to a patient in the first trimester for an abortion. The nurse then instructs the patient to return for a follow-up visit in 2 days to receive a 400 mcg dosage of misoprostol (Cytotec). How long after the last menstrual period is it safe to use these medications? 7 weeks 9 weeks 12 weeks 16 weeks
7 weeks
What are the side effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists? Select all that apply. Myalgia Arthralgia Lactic acidosis Vaginal dryness Liver dysfunction
Myalgia Arthralgia Vaginal dryness
The nurse is counselling a patient who has had multiple miscarriages. The nurse explains to the patient that she has developed endometriosis. In which category would this be placed as a cause of infertility? Tubal factors Ovarian factors Uterine factors Cervical factors
Tubal factors
What discharge instructions are given to the parents of an infant with facial paralysis? "You need to administer eyedrops daily." "You must avoid breastfeeding the child." "You must initiate range-of-motion exercises." "Always position the child on the affected side."
"You need to administer eyedrops daily."
Which information about feeding does the nurse provide to the parent of a preterm infant with respiratory dysfunction syndrome? "Parenteral therapy is unsafe." "Avoid gavage feedings in your infant." "Enteral feeding will not be beneficial." "Breastfeed your infant every 3 hours."
"Avoid gavage feedings in your infant." The nurse instructs the parent to avoid gavage feedings because they increase the respiratory rate and subject the infant to risk for respiratory distress. Breastfeeding is avoided because it also increases the risk for respiratory distress in the infant. Enteral feeding is beneficial because it helps enhance maturation of the infant's gastrointestinal system. Parenteral therapy is the safest way of feeding during the acute stage of the syndrome.
The nurse is teaching a patient about a dietary plan for managing premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Which instructions given by the nurse would be beneficial for the patient? Select all that apply. "Eat nuts daily." "Include red meat in your daily diet." "Avoid consuming caffeinated beverages." "Use good-quality vegetable oils for cooking." "Avoid drinking watermelon and cranberry juices."
"Eat nuts daily." "Avoid consuming caffeinated beverages." "Use good-quality vegetable oils for cooking."
Which therapy is the primary health care provider likely to prescribe for a late-preterm infant with persistent pulmonary hypertension? Fluid therapy Phototherapy Inhaled nitric oxide Skin-to-skin contact
Inhaled nitric oxide
The nurse observes respiratory distress in an infant with phrenic nerve palsy. What action does the nurse take to facilitate expansion of the uninvolved lung? Obtains inhaled nitric oxide (INO) Positions the infant on the affected side Provides skin-to-skin (kangaroo) contact Obtains a prescription for oxygen therapy
Positions the infant on the affected side
The nurse is assessing a postpartum patient who is breastfeeding her infant. Which sign indicates that the infant is latched onto the mother's breast and is receiving the mother's milk? The infant's sucking is not audible. The patient feels strong tugging on the nipple. The infant's cheeks are dimpled during sucking. The patient feels pinching and pain in the nipple.
The patient feels strong tugging on the nipple.
What is the CDC-recommended medication for the treatment of chlamydia? Acyclovir Penicillin Podofilox Doxycycline
Doxycycline Doxycycline is effective for treating chlamydia, but it should be avoided if the woman is pregnant.
The nurse works in a neonatal care unit. Which infant does the nurse expect to need fewer calories for growth? A 2-month-old infant A 4-month-old infant An 8-month-old infant A 10-month-old infant
An 8-month-old infant An infant between 6 and 9 months of age needs 95 kcal/kg/day. This is less than the energy needs of infants of other ages.
What should the nurse include when educating a patient about the side effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) prior to administration? Select all that apply. Weight loss Breast changes Increased libido Thromboembolism Irregular vaginal spotting
Breast changes Thromboembolism Irregular vaginal spotting
The nurse is providing care for a pregnant patient who is expected to deliver in a week. The nurse finds that the patient is currently taking an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli. Which condition after birth is likely to be seen in the infant? Macrosomia Hypoglycemia Congenital sepsis Hemolytic disease
Congenital sepsis Congenital sepsis occurs in an infant as a result of direct contact with organisms from the maternal gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts
Which nursing interventions does the nurse include in the plan of care for an infant who is receiving an exchange transfusion because of hemolytic disease? Select all that apply. Electronically monitors vital signs frequently Assesses for cardiac or respiratory problems Provides peripheral infusion of dextrose and electrolytes Prepares the infant for the procedure and orients the family Administers Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) to the infant before the procedure
Electronically monitors vital signs frequently Assesses for cardiac or respiratory problems Provides peripheral infusion of dextrose and electrolytes Prepares the infant for the procedure and orients the family
Which nursing interventions are included in the plan of care of an infant with septicemia? Select all that apply. Encouraging the parent to breastfeed the infant Implementing isolation procedures as instructed Administering fluids and antibiotics simultaneously Performing routine suctioning to prevent complications Administering antibiotics within 1 hour after they are prepared
Encouraging the parent to breastfeed the infant Implementing isolation procedures as instructed Administering antibiotics within 1 hour after they are prepared
The nurse reports to the primary health care provider that a newborn has hypoglycemia and passes meconium stools until the fifth day. Which intervention does the nurse expect may benefit the newborn? Starting bottle-feeding in the newborn Giving only breast milk to the newborn Giving the newborn expressed breast milk Heating the breast milk in a microwave before feeding
Giving the newborn expressed breast milk
In the special care nursery, the nurse is assigned to care for an infant now 18 hours old. Although there is nothing specific for the nurse to report to the pediatric hospitalist, a number of clinical manifestations may indicate early warning signs of neonatal sepsis. Upon reviewing the mother's record, the nurse identifies a prenatal fever and rupture of membranes 36 hours before admission. Which finding in the newborn's clinical presentation does the nurse find to be normal, rather than an indication of possible sepsis? Bradycardia Grunting, nasal flaring Temperature instability Increased oxygen saturation
Increased oxygen saturation
Which actions does the nurse take while counseling anxious parents who visit their preterm infant in an neonatal intensive care unit? Select all that apply. Informs the parents of visiting hours. Avoids telling the parents any unpleasant facts. Encourages the parents to express their sadness. Persuades the parents to touch and hold the infant. Explains the function of each piece of equipment used.
Informs the parents of visiting hours. Encourages the parents to express their sadness. Explains the function of each piece of equipment used.
Which is a priority nursing intervention for an infant born to a patient with poorly controlled diabetes? Evaluating urine reports Initiating dextrose infusion Encouraging breastfeeding Initiating exchange transfusion
Initiating dextrose infusion The blood glucose levels of an infant born to a mother with poorly controlled diabetes are very low. Therefore the nurse administers an infusion of 10% dextrose and water intravenously to maintain serum blood glucose levels between 40 and 50 mg/dL.
Which actions does the nurse take after an infant is delivered? Select all that apply. Instills antibiotics in the infant's eyes Uses cool water to clean the infant's body Cleans the cord with a neutral pH cleanser Uses nonmedicated soap to clean the infant Rubs vernix caseosa vigorously to remove it
Instills antibiotics in the infant's eyes Cleans the cord with a neutral pH cleanser Uses nonmedicated soap to clean the infant
A postpartum patient who is receiving antibiotic therapy has been advised to give formula to the infant. The patient reports that her breasts are firm, hot, and shiny. What treatment does the nurse recommend to reduce the milk supply? Breast massage Cold compression Antiinflammatory drugs Placement of cabbage leaves over the breasts
Placement of cabbage leaves over the breasts When the patient does not breastfeed, milk accumulates and causes breast engorgement, which is characterized by firm, hot, and shiny breasts. The phytoconstituents present in cabbage leaves help dry up the milk supply in the patient who cannot breastfeed.
Which symptoms of septic shock are likely to be seen in a low-birth-weight infant with septicemia? Select all that apply. Tachycardia Hypotension Hypoglycemia Cool extremities Respiratory distress
Tachycardia Hypotension Cool extremities Respiratory distress
The nurse is conducting a follow-up assessment of a patient with endometriosis who is taking danazol (Danocrine). The patient tells the nurse that she is unwilling to take danazol (Danocrine) in the future. What could be the most likely reason for the patient's unwillingness to use this medication? The medication caused amenorrhea in the patient. The medication caused abdominal pain in the patient. The medication caused masculinizing traits in the patient. The medication caused temporary infertility in the patient.
The medication caused masculinizing traits in the patient.
During a bimanual examination of a patient, the nurse finds abnormal contours of the uterus and uterine tube. What should the nurse infer from these findings? The patient is at risk of uterine fibroid. The patient is at risk for endometriosis. The patient has polycystic ovarian disease. The patient is at risk for an early miscarriage.
The patient is at risk for an early miscarriage. Uterine abnormalities increase the risk of early miscarriages. Bimanual examination of internal organs is helpful for identifying any abnormalities in the uterus and fallopian tubes. Abnormality in the contours of the uterus and fallopian tubes indicate that the patient has a risk of an early miscarriage.
What is the significance of the clomiphene citrate challenge test (CCCT)? To assess the amount of progesterone production To assess follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels To assess for the presence of uterine abnormalities To assess if the fallopian tubes are open and patent
To assess follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels
Which is a priority nursing intervention when providing care for a high risk infant? Touching the infant often Providing enteral feeding Encouraging breastfeeding Helping the infant conserve energy
Helping the infant conserve energy
The nurse is working with a female patient who was diagnosed with breast cancer and has a malignant mass in the left breast. The patient asks why the health care provider is recommending surgery to remove the mass rather than just treating it with radiation or chemotherapy. What is the best response by the nurse? "This procedure allows the provider to stage the cancer." "A simple mastectomy ensures the cancer does not spread." "Most women with breast cancer receive a radical mastectomy." "Radiation is not a suitable treatment intervention for breast cancer."
"This procedure allows the provider to stage the cancer." Many health care providers will recommend that a malignant mass, including the axillary nodes, be removed for staging purposes.
The nurse is educating a patient about how to use a condom. Which statement by the patient indicates effective learning? "Sticky and brittle condoms are effective for use." "Condoms should be worn before the penis is erect." "Condoms should be stored in warm, humid locations." "Water-based lubricant should be used with condoms."
"Water-based lubricant should be used with condoms."
What does the nurse tell a patient who is prescribed nafarelin acetate (Synarel) for endometriosis? Select all that apply. "You may have pelvic pain during the therapy." "You may become osteoporotic during the therapy." "You may feel feverish occasionally during the therapy." "You may have heavy menstrual bleeding during the therapy." "You may not be able to conceive while receiving the therapy."
"You may become osteoporotic during the therapy." "You may feel feverish occasionally during the therapy." "You may not be able to conceive while receiving the therapy." Nafarelin acetate (Synarel) is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist drug that is helpful in managing endometriosis. GnRH agonist therapy causes trabecular bone loss. Therefore the patient is susceptible to osteoporosis during the therapy. This drug causes a medically induced menopause that results in anovulation and amenorrhea. Therefore the patient would not be able to conceive while receiving therapy. As estrogen levels become elevated, hot flashes are a common symptom and are associated with GnRH agonist therapy. Therefore the patient may feel feverish occasionally.
A woman is using the basal body temperature (BBT) method of contraception. She calls the clinic and tells the nurse, "My period is due in a few days, and my temperature has not gone up." What is the nurse's most appropriate response? "Have you been sick this month?" "Don't worry; it's probably nothing." "This probably means you're pregnant." "You probably didn't ovulate during this cycle."
"You probably didn't ovulate during this cycle." Pregnancy cannot occur without ovulation (which is being measured using the BBT method).
A patient with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is treated with 400 mg acyclovir (Zovirax) three times per day for a week. While performing the follow-up assessment of the patient 1 month after therapy, the nurse finds that the symptoms of HSV infection have recurred. What prescription change might the nurse expect for this patient? 2000 mg valacyclovir (Valtrex) for 1 day 800 mg acyclovir (Zovirax) daily for 1 year 1200 mg of acyclovir (Zovirax) daily for 5 days 750 mg famciclovir (Famvir) daily for 7-10 days
1200 mg of acyclovir (Zovirax) daily for 5 days
What is the drug of choice to treat gonorrhea? Acyclovir (Zovirax) Penicillin G (Pfizerpen) Rocephin (Ceftriaxone) Tetracycline (Achromycin)
Rocephin (Ceftriaxone) Ceftriaxone is effective for treatment of all gonococcal infections. Penicillin is used to treat syphilis. Tetracycline is used to treat chlamydial infections. Acyclovir is used to treat herpes genitalis.
The nurse is assessing an infant after a difficult birth. Which signs in the infant indicate Erb's palsy? Select all that apply. A grasp reflex may be present in the infant. The infant's arm hangs limp alongside the body. The elbow is extended, and the forearm is pronated. The hand muscles are paralyzed, and there is a wrist drop. The shoulder and the arm are adducted and rotated internally.
A grasp reflex may be present in the infant. The infant's arm hangs limp alongside the body. The elbow is extended, and the forearm is pronated. The shoulder and the arm are adducted and rotated internally.
Which infant has a higher possibility of sustaining a birth trauma? An infant who was delivered by a vaginal birth An infant who has low glucose levels at birth An infant who has inborn errors of metabolism An infant who was born to a patient with a urinary tract infection
An infant who was delivered by a vaginal birth
An infant born to a diabetic patient is prescribed oral glucose for the treatment of hypoglycemia. On assessment the nurse finds that the infant's cardiorespiratory condition is stable. Which is a priority nursing intervention in this case? Initiating dextrose infusion Asking the parent to breastfeed Lowering the dosage of oral glucose Obtaining blood from the heel for testing
Asking the parent to breastfeed
A preterm infant is receiving oxygen therapy for respiratory distress syndrome. Which are the important nursing interventions to be included in the plan of care? Select all that apply. Providing mouth care Suctioning twice a day Monitoring continuously Assessing skin regularly Positioning the infant on the side
Providing mouth care Monitoring continuously Assessing skin regularly Positioning the infant on the side
A married woman has made the decision to use a diaphragm as her primary method of birth control. What instructions should the clinic nurse provide regarding care of, insertion, and removal of the diaphragm? Select all that apply. Avoid using mineral oil body products. Wash diaphragm monthly with mild soap and water. A dusting of cornstarch is appropriate after drying the diaphragm. Remove the diaphragm by catching the rim from below the dome. On insertion, direct the diaphragm down toward the space below cervix.
Avoid using mineral oil body products. A dusting of cornstarch is appropriate after drying the diaphragm. On insertion, direct the diaphragm down toward the space below cervix.
A 24-year-old woman with endometriosis tells the nurse, "I want to have children in the future." Which treatment should the nurse expect from the primary health care provider in this case so that the patient retains the ability to bear children? Endometrial tissue removal Total abdominal hysterectomy Continuous combined hormone therapy Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist therapy
Endometrial tissue removal Resection of endometrial tissue is the most appropriate treatment option for a patient who wants to bear a child in the future. The technique involves surgical removal of the extraneous endometrial tissue by laser
Which action does the nurse take while assessing a 40-week-old infant who exhibits symptoms such as vomiting, dehydration, and poor nutrition a few days after birth? Asks the parent to participate in a drug rehabilitation program Evaluates the Kleihauer-Betke (KB) assay to understand the fetal history Uses the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) Evaluates maternal history for possibility of alcohol ingestion during pregnancy
Uses the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) The nurse uses NNNS to identify infants at risk due to intrauterine drug exposure. The tool measures stress, state, neurologic status, and muscle tone in the infant.
