MNGT3810 Exam 3
The _______ standards have become the internationally recognized standard for evaluating and comparing companies in the global marketplace. a. control b. ISO 9000 c. operations d. project management e. Six Sigma
ISO 9000
Penny seeks input from her subordinates and encourages them to express their opinions in situations that involve their work. Penny is a _______ leader. a. participative b. laissez-faire c. democratic d. employee-oriented e. autocratic
democratic
Cathy spends a lot of time each day on her work computerlong dash—an expected condition considering she works in accounting. However, an audit of her computer revealed she spends an average of five hours each day surfing the Web, shopping, and visiting with friends on social media sites. Cathy would be more productive if her motivation included more ____________. a. persistence b. quality of effort c. direction d. self-discipline e. energy
direction
In his office Chris had posted his top three sales goals for this quarter. Every day, he would come in and be reminded of his goals. Each morning he would compare his current performance with his goals and get to work! Chris is displaying what element of motivation? a. performance b. action c. energy d. persistence e. direction
direction
When Glenn delegated tasks to his subordinates, he explained the desired results, the reporting requirements, and any applicable guidelines. Glenn created a(n) ______________. a. need for achievement b. structured job c. effective control system d. detailed plan e. goal-setting objective
effective control system
Annual employee performance evaluations are a popular form of ___________. a. predictive control b. concurrent control c. feedforward d. preventative control e. feedback
feedback
Theories in leadership evolved from trait and behavior to include contingency models. What was the first comprehensive contingency model? a. leader-participation b. situational leadership model c. fiedler contingency model d. leader-member exchange e. path-goal
fiedler contingency model
_________ is the key description of job design in a value chain management organization. a. organizational processes b. flexibility c. empowerment d. cultural attitude e. transformation
flexibility
The main emphasize of W. Edwards Deming's philosophy is __________. a. productivity increases are overrated b. use only numerical goals c. quantify everything d. focus on increasing quality and reducing costs, and continually improve quality e. fear is a strong motivator
focus on increasing quality and reducing costs, and continually improve quality
A leader is someone who __________. a. gives orders to subordinates, expecting compliance without question b. has managerial authority and exercises influence over others c. focuses on the short-term d. has at least two people who report to him/her e. must use threats to get action from others
has managerial authority and exercises influence over others
The success of employee recognition programs can be linked to which one of these theories of motivation? a. herzberg's motivation and hygiene theory b. goal setting theory c. maslow's hierarchy of needs d. hackman and oldham's job characteristics model e. mcgregor's theory x and theory y
herzberg's motivation and hygiene theory
Rose knows the names of her employees' significant others and children and often asks about them. She makes sure all her employees have what they need to work safely and solicits their ideas about process improvements. According to the Ohio State study, we could say Rose is _________________. a. low in consideration b. high in consideration c. low in concern for production d. high in initiating structure e. low in consideration
high in consideration
Managers must focus on improving productivity. It is everyone's job. For this reason, it is important for managers to remember the formula, Productivity equals =Operations variables plus+____________. a. conversion processes b. input variables c. assets d. raw materials e. human resources
human resources
Many tangible items, such as the parts in an automobile, are designed with measurement tolerances, expressed as .025 ± .003, for example. These tolerances set the limits of _____________ a. employee incentives b. corrective action c. what managers measure d. the range of variation e. benchmarking
the range of variation
As the term is used in business, which one of the following is an example of control? a. Debra is reviewing the turnover rate for one of her supervisors looking for any signs of illegal discrimination. b. Edith is comparing candidates' applications to the job description to see who meets the minimum qualifications. c. Brenda is reviewing sales data for the past year to spot trends. d. Amanda is reviewing the overnight quality report to check for variation in the measurements from the machining department. e. Carlene is comparing her company's financial statement to that of their closest competitor.
Amanda is reviewing the overnight quality report to check for variations in the measurements from the machining department
In which of the following situations does communication occur? a. Bernice explains the operating instructions to Luann, who then demonstrates she can operate the equipment. b. The HR director sends an email to all employees regarding the new health insurance plan. c. The company president projects the financial statements at the employee meeting; the employees do not understand what he is showing them. d. The new department head uses Harvard language (lots of big words) with his employees many of whom have only an eighth grade education. e. The sheriff posts the Wanted Dead or Alive poster on the council oak tree.
Bernice explains the operating instructions to Luann, who then demonstrates she can operate the equipment
Which of the following would satisfy the safety need? a. Irene keeps in touch with friends from former employment so she can use them as references if necessary b. Gerardo bought a larger house so each child could have a room c. Dana continues to study piano even after winning the prestigious van cliburn competition d. alfred delivered a technical paper at a national conference of his professional group and was applauded for his efforts e. John's supervisor tells him, "As long as your performance remains at this level, you'll have a job here"
John's supervisor tells him, "as long as your performance remains at this level, you'll have a job here"
Thinking in terms of the job characteristics model, which one of the following situations would an individual find most motivating? a. Martin adds components to a computer motherboard that is then passed on to the next work station. The computer is tested after it is completely assembled much farther down the production line. b. No one has explained to Manuel why he has to tie red twist-ties on the bread bags on Thursdays and white ones on Friday. c. Matt works independently with adults with developmental delays, sometimes working on activities of daily living and other times working on socialization skills. d. Mildred performs one task about 3,000 times in an eight hour day for a phenomenal amount of money. a. Mary's supervisor gives her very detailed instructions about how she wants the work to be done, leaving no latitude for Mary to deviate from those instructions.
Matt works independently with adults with developmental delays, sometimes working on activities of daily living and other times working on socialization skills
Hudson has discovered several people in his department who are also passionately concerned about the opening of a competitor in their region. Each seems to have a different piece of information about this new competitor and when they will open. Hudson really believes this should be something that his colleagues and leaders pay attention to. In order to fully understand what the other passionate colleagues know about the new competitor, Hudson should pull together which of the following? a. competitor strategies b. value added relationships c. undercover communication d. communication groups e. a community of practice
a community of practice
For which one of the following would a PERT network analysis be useful? a. a daily production schedule to build race cars b. preparing an evening meal at home c. as a means to keep track of weekly assignments during a college semester d. scheduling the operating theaters in a busy hospital e. a project to fly astronauts to Mars
a project to fly astronauts to Mars
An output of an accounting firm might be ___________. a. a purchase order for copier toner b. a review of the quality practices of the organization c. a check to pay a utility bill d. certain purchase orders and invoices e. a report of the quarterly audit of an organization's accounting practices
a report of the quarterly audit of an organization's accounting practices
Individuals with a high need for _________ tend to become the experts at their work. a. affiliation b. equity c. power d. control e. achievement
achievement
In 2007 the U.S. economy went into a deep recession lasting two years. Many households held on to their cars longer rather than trade them in for a new model, causing many dealerships to miss their sales quotas. The appropriate response in this situation would be to_____________ a. take immediate corrective action against the sales force b. fire the sales force and hire new ones at a lower pay rate c. adjust the sales quotas until the economy recovered d. take basic corrective action e. sell only used cars until the economy recovers
adjust the sales quotas until the economy recovered
An organization that used gamification in the design of its reward program would probably ___________. a. assure that every employee won each level of the "game" b. allow employees to progress through a series of levels to earn badges and honors c. make sure supervisors were consistent in their administration of company policies and practices d. provide identical prizes to each winner of the level e. offer flexible benefits to its employees to tailor the rewards to the individual
allow employees to progress through a series of levels to earn badges and honors
Pam loves her job. She starts her day every morning deciding on what the day's priorities will be and how she can get them done. There are very few constraints that Pam has to deal with in her job. Which of the following job characteristics is most motivating to Pam? a. task significance b. autonomy c. feedback d. task identity e. skill variety
autonomy
Trust is defined as which of the following? a. belief in the leader's integrity b. belief in the leader's integrity, character, and ability c. high lmx d. belief in the leader's character e. belief in the ability of the leader
belief in the leader's integrity, character, and ability
Marcus is really concerned that his team is falling behind in reaching their goals. Often when he is participating in a managers meeting, he will ask his counterparts how their teams are doing. This is one way that Marcus can do which of the following? a. benchmarking b. control by listening c. lead by example d. develop strategy e. management by walking around
benchmarking
If Mark wanted to follow the accomplishments of his financial goals, he could easily compare his actual spending to which of the following? a. account balance b. monthly bank statements c. percent of interest d. income earned e. budget
budget
How do followers judge a leader's credibility? a. By watching the leader's style (autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire) of management. b. By observing and evaluating the leader's honesty, competence, and ability to inspire. c. By deciding whether the leader is task- or employee-oriented. d. By becoming a part of the in-group. e. By checking every statement from the leader for truthfulness.
by observing and evaluating the leader's honesty, competence, and ability to inspire
Managers of foreign business units are less likely to experience __________ control that are mangers of domestic units. a. feedback b. balanced scorecard c. feedforward d. ratio e. concurrent
concurrent
At Que's Heavenly Hamburgers they have just introduced milk shakes as a side item. They make each milk shake by hand and it is very labor intensive. Que likes to see how they are selling and has asked all the counter people to put a sticker on the "Milk Shake Board" any time they sell a milk shake. With the stickers on the "Milk Shake Board" Que can see how many shakes they are selling at any time. This is an example of which of the following? a. employee empowerment control b. concurrent control c. backward control d. cost control e. forward control
concurrent control
Every 15 minutes, Bobbi Jo, a quality auditor, pulls a part from the bin of die castings and measures several important features on the part to verify that it meets the customer's specifications. This behavior is a type of ___________. a. feedback b. indirect control c. concurrent control d. direct control e. feedforward control
concurrent control
Mike, a quality manager, realizes the work environment in the production facility may cause some people to have thoughts of violence, and potentially someone could act on those thoughts. So Mike spends a good deal of his time among the workers, observing their interactions, listening to their complaints and taking steps to address them, and demonstrating best practices to deal with frustration. Mike's actions would be considered a type of _____________. a. direct control b. feedforward control c. feedback d. behavior modification e. concurrent control
concurrent control
When encoding a message, it is important to __________. a. use the channel that will reach the greatest number of receivers b. ignore the limited of the sender's subject knowledge c. disregard the emotional state of the receiver d. remember to use professional jargon when relaying business information e. consider the abilities and attitudes of the receiver
consider the abilities and attitudes of the receiver
What the researchers in the Michigan study called employee-centered behavior, the researchers in the Ohio State study called _________. a. consideration b. employee-oriented c. concern for people d. initiating structure e. management style
consideration
Jim is wondering whether his division's goals for the year are being accomplished. To determine to what degree goal completion is happening, Jim should use which of the following management functions? a. plan b. organize c. strategy d. lead e. control
control
A Gantt chart can serve as a __________. a. control device as well as a planning tool b. cost control mechanism c. visual representation of the critical path d. capacity utilization schedule e. motivational incentive and control device
control device as well as a planning tool
The most powerful group in the value chain is _________. a. manufacturers b. project managers c. suppliers d. distributors e. customers
customers
When Marla processes time records for payroll, she sends them from her computer to the company that prepares paychecks and direct deposits using a(n) _______________. a. email system b. intranet c. electronic data interchange d. fax machine e. extranet
electronic data interchange
Mike has a huge report to work on at home this evening. On the way out of the office, he grabs a pack of copier paper to take home for his personal printer. That evening after completing his report and printing out a couple copies for the office, he also prints out a few recipes and an online student assignment for his 9th grade daughter. It is likely that Mike is participating in which of the following? a. goal attainment b. employee theft c. benchmarking d. controlling e. resource sharing
employee theft
Stan borrowed the company laptop for an out-of-town conference. While he had it at home, he made a mirror image of the hard drive that he copied to his personal home so he could have the latest versions of his work-related applications. Stan engaged in __________. a. embezzlement b. patent infringement c. fraud d. inventory shrinkage e. employee theft
employee theft
Because of the technological advances in communication, ________. a. employees are reachable in more locations b. face-to-face interactions have become unnecessary c. new methods of communication cut legal responsibilities d. businesses no longer can filter data or messages e. managers have fewer direct responsibilities
employees are reachable in more places
For a pay-for-performance program to be effective, _________. a. it can only be applied to goals related to sals or profits b. it must also include penalties that subtract from pay if performance is below goal c. employees must make a clear connection between what they do and what they receive d. it must be offered to all employees e. the pay should be separated in time from the performance
employees must make a clear connection between what they do and what they receive
Communication is a seven-step process. Which of the following is the first step a manager who wishes to communicate new ideas would do? a. channeling b. decoding c. messaging d. feedback e. encoding
encoding
Bart knew he needed to get started on his project if he was going to meet the deadline. He knew what had to be done. He knew once he began, he would likely be able to finish. It was the starting part he struggled with. The element of motivation Bart lacked was _____________. a. quality of effort b. persistence c. energy d. direction e. self-discipline
energy
According to Robert House, the style a leader should use with an individual depends on __________. a. the follower's personality and the relationship between the leader and the follower b. the organization's culture and the employee's readiness c. whether the follower is part of the in- or out-group d. whether the follower is task-oriented or relationship-oriented e. environmental and employee contingency factors
environmental and employee contingency factors
W. Edwards Deming's statement, "_____________" is consistent with value chain management. a. Do not adopt strictly numerical goals b. Establish statistical control over your production processes and require your suppliers to do so as well c. Train your employees in new skills as the need arises d. Raise the quality of your line supervisors e. Drive out fear
establish statistical control over your production processes and require your suppliers to do so as well
Which of the following countries is more likely to use direct supervision and a centralized decision making system, rather than technology, to help control employee behavior? a. germany b. australia c. canada d. ethiopia e. great britain
ethiopia
Annie is working in an organization where her paycheck reflects how many hours she has worked with each paying client. For her, this seems very fair and motivating. This type of pay-for-performance plan is associated with which of the following motivation theories? a. goal-setting theory b. expectancy theory c. maslow's hierarchy d. theory x e. operant conditioning
expectancy theory
An knowledge management system is most similar to a(n) __________. a. mind map b. database management system c. expert system d. neutral network e. information repository
expert system
Penny would like to be able to communicate her inventory needs with her vendor almost instantly. The best app for this opportunity would be which of the following? a. internet-based video communication b. IM c. intranet d. email e. extranet
extranet
Work at Siemens often involves collaborating with customers on designs. Once the design is approved and placed into the production schedule, the customers like to be able to track the progress of their orders. For this application, a(n) ___________ would work well. a. electronic data exchange system b. extranet c. e-mail system d. fax system e. instant message system
extranet
Which one of the following would more likely be the statement of a transactional leader? a. "If we do well on this report, we will be able to fund our project for years to come." b. "You can do it, I know you can! You're the best report writer in the department." c. "If you stay late today to finish the report, you can come in late tomorrow." d. "This report is very important because it will support our request for additional funds for the project." e. "You have to stay late tonight to finish the report. Without it, we won't be able to fund the rest of the project."
if you stay late today to finish the report, you can come in late tomorrow
The definition of a leader is someone who can ___________ others and who has authority. a. manage b. influence c. relate to d. inspire e. guide
influence
For purposes of research, a key component of leadership os the ability to __________. a. influence others b. climb up the organizational chart c. support his/her manager d. gain the respect of peers while still a non-manager e. meet deadlines
influence others
Secrecy is anathema to value chain management because __________. a. information must be shared for effective coordination and collaboration b. competitors are all too eager to coax confidential data from value chain members c. participants must not be allowed access to propriety information d. a firm's information assets must be protected e. information technology is an expensive component of the value chain
information must be shared for effective coordination and collaboration
In determining whether to accept a special project, Oxana considered whether successful completion of the project would result in a reward. Oxana was considering the _________ of expectancy theory. a. valence b. instrumentality c. expectancy d. distributive justice e. equity
instrumentality
The concept of trust is made up of integrity, competence, consistency, loyalty, and openness. Of the five dimensions, which one seems to be most critical when someone assesses another's trustworthiness? a. openness b. consistency c. competence d. integrity e. loyalty
integrity
The most critical element of trust it ________. a. charisma b. integrity c. ability to keep confidences d. dependability e. communication
integrity
_____________ is an organizational communication network using Internet technology that is accessible only to organizational employees. a. electronic data interchange b. intranet c. grapevine d. jargon e. knowledge management
intranet
A large retail chain wants to assess how well its buyers are performing. Ideally, merchandise comes in and is sold within days so the revenue from the sale can be used to pay the invoice for the merchandise. Which financial ratio would be helpful in this situation? a. total asset turnover b. current ratio c. inventory turnover d. return on assets e. return on investment
inventory turnover
One major criticism of vroom and jato's research findings is it __________. a. relies heavily on extrinsic rewards b. requires group decisions in certain situations c. is so complicated they developed a computer program so leaders could use their model d. does not include a focus on the task or job e. works only when employees already have a high level of job satisfaction
is so complicated they developed a computer program so leaders could use their model
Feedback is an important part of the communication process because __________. a. the receiver needs a chance to speak his/her opinion b. without it communication is only one-way c. it is the mechanism to check for understanding d. it eliminates bias in the communication e. it offers the sender the opportunity to ask questions
it is the mechanism to check for understanding
EMR Transcription is a medical transcription service whose employees create typed electronic medical records from audio recordings for physicians. The organization's goal is Six Sigma, which means ________. a. all transcriptionists must be ISO 9000 certified b. the company would be a strong candidate for the Malcolm Baldrige award c. its goal is no more than 3.4 errors for every one million keystrokes d. the company can charge a higher price for its transcription services e. the company will be able to do business with English-speaking physicians on all continents
its goal is no more than 3.4 errors for every one million keystrokes
Wes just received the annual retirement report for his area. It looks like within a three-year period, Wes could lose three of his long-tenured directors. This has Wes very concerned about what to do. These three directors are responsible for some of the most successful client relationships. They know everything about the clients and seem to meet their every need before the client even speaks. Wes should be looking into which of the following? a. client communication b. leader-participation c. client exchange d. knowledge management e. personal interaction
knowledge management
The early research at Michigan and Ohio State _________. a. found a set of traits all leaders possess b. laid the foundation for later contingency theories c. have been disputed for their lack of scientific rigor d. investigated what leaders are rather than what leaders do e. proved that mangers could be taught to be good leaders
laid the foundation for later contingency theories
_______ is what leaders do. a. plan b. organize c. leadership d. manage e. control
leadership
When jobs are unambiguous, __________. a. the visionary style is ben b. leadership becomes less important c. only very competent workers should be selected for these positions d. workers look for strong leaders e. leaders must work harder to motivate employees
leadership becomes less important
Employee empowerment is an example of __________. a. how managers abdicate their responsibility to the organization b. consideration c. a task orientation d. leading by not leading e. leading from behind
leading by not leading
In his research, Fiedler used the ________________ questionnaire to determine an individual's basic leadership style. a. career interest b. big five c. myers-briggs d. position analysis e. least-preferred coworker
least-preferred coworker
Viruses. Hackers. Subpoenas. Cyber bullying. Blogging about work. Each of these represents a special communication concern categorized as ____________. a. employee retention b. global communication issues c. benefits and compensation d. legal and security issues e. succession planning
legal and security issues
The early research into leader behaviors led to the conclusion that __________. a. what leaders did was irrelevant; it's the followers who create organizational success b. leadership should be taught as part of a management degree c. looking for a set of traits or behaviors common to all leaders was insufficient d. leadership skills can be taught
looking for a set of traits or behaviors common to all leaders was insufficient
Considering that women now comprise nearly 50% of all workers, employers would be well advised to ____________ to maximize motivation among workers. a. decrease the workloads and working hours of women to provide greater work/life balance b. make sure men and women in identical positions are paid the same c. offer more flexible hours to women d. increase the amount of autonomy women have in their positions e. switch women to telecommuting to the greatest extent possible
make sure men and women in identical positions are paid the same
Matt enjoys seeing for himself how things are going in his department. Often you can find Matt out in the area visiting his employees and listening to them talk about their work. Matt is using which control technique? a. management control b. leader-follower relations c. management by walking around d. situational leadership e. leader control
management by walking around
Which of the following early theories of leadership defined leader behavior as concern for people and concern for production? The theorists went so far as to label one of their styles of leadership, "country club." a. maslow's hierarchy b. managerial grid c. university of iowa d. university of michigan e. ohio state
managerial grid
In the balanced scorecard approach, ___________. a. human resources keeps track of employee satisfaction, employee performance, and costs related to retention and employee turnover b. managers set goals and measure performance in multiple areas important to organizational success c. employees keep and report their own scores, balancing time spent in various activities d. the organization is considered successful if any one of the goals is reached e. achievement of one goal cannot precede achievement of other goals
managers set goals and measure performance in multiple areas important to organizational success
Michael has been out of school for three years now and is being promoted for the fourth time. He has put in lots of time and energy to meet each of his goals on his career path. His friends refer to him as the over-achiever! Which of the following needs would best describe Michael? a. nPow b. nArch c. nRel d. nAff e. nLead
nAch
The fact that Matt can communicate with his colleagues electronically from anywhere on the road is a benefit that IT brings. Communication accessibility becomes easier. This is called which of the following? a. intranet b. extranet c. apps d. networked communication systems e. internal IM
networked communication systems
Jason is excited to be starting his new job next month. He always felt his old company was not forthright with their decision making. It bothered him that he never understood how the CEO was using the company's finances to make hard decisions. At Jason's new company, though, the financial books are open to everyone in the organization. He is excited to see how his effort will make an impact on the books. The new company's approach to finance can best be described as which of the following? a. management by walking around b. leader alignment c. financial tolerance d. open-book management e. financial reward
open-book management
The design, operations, and control of the transformation process is called which of the following? a. plan b. strategy c. lead d. operations e. organize
operations
The statement, "If we weren't already doing it this way, how would we do it?" indicates an interest in __________. a. organizational culture and attitudes b. technology investment c. organizational processes d. coordination and collaboration e. leadership
organizational processes
Beth is having trouble leveraging the value chain. She seems to have a good understanding for what the customer is willing to pay for. She has just invested in the right technology to take her product to the next level. For some reason though, she is always feeling like she is the only one focused on finding value. Which of the barriers to value chain management is Beth experiencing? a. organizational barriers b. transformation c. cultural attitude d. people e. organizational processes
people
Cameras in cell phones have changed from two megapixels in the early phones to eight megapixels with photo editing capabilities. This would represent the ________ dimensions of product quality. a. conformance and aesthetics b. completeness and convenience c. timeliness and accuracy d. durability and serviceability e. performance and features
performance and features
Ben is like the Energizer®® bunnylong dash—he's always doing something but hops from one task to another without really accomplishing anything, leaving a wake of unfinished tasks behind him. Ben could benefit from more ____________. a. quality of effort b. energy c. direction d. self-discipline e. persistence
persistence
Yohnna had been told no several times and by several people as she was working to accomplish her goal. But no matter how many no's she heard, she would not give up until the goal was accomplished. Yohnna is displaying what element of motivation? a. direction b. action c. persistence d. performance e. energy
persistence
John is focused on hitting his goal this quarter. He is closely watching the timeline, coordinating the work, and getting the activities done. John is truly emulating __________. a. prioritizing b. leadership c. project management d. organization e. planning
project management
Managers put control systems in place for various reasons. Which of the following reasons would address workplace violence and security breaches? a. planning b. protecting the workplace c. meeting goals d. setting vision e. empowering employees
protecting the workplace
Bobby is using the Situational Leadership theory to help him improve his leadership. Often he is looking at his follower's motivation and skill set. The theory would say Bobby is assessing which of the following? a. leader preferred coworker b. leader-member exchange c. self-efficacy d. readiness e. feedback
readiness
Hersey and blancher's interest in followers focused on their ________. a. willingness to accept a person as their leader b. readiness c. experience in their current positions d. decision making skills e. potential for leadership
readiness
Nance is an hourly employee who just discovered a similarly situated co-worker is earning considerably more per hour. According to equity theory, Nance is likely to _____________. a. request that he be put on piece rate b. pay closer attention to the quality of his work c. increase his effort so he can earn a raise d. complain to the supervisor that the co-worker is overpaid e. reduce his work effort to bring his inputs/outputs more in line with his co-worker
reduce his work effort to bring his inputs/outputs ratio more in line with his co-worker
One trend spawned by the rise in the use of electronic communication methods, particularly among younger workers is a(n) __________. a. decline in written language skills b. more defensive approach to communication c. increased use of exercise equipment at work to offset the detrimental effects of a more sedentary work life d. decline in interpersonal conflict management skills e. reduction in personal interaction
reduction in personal interaction
Apple excels at innovation, making it obvious they possess the _________ of being able to configure products to satisfy customers. a. organizational attitudes b. required capability c. cultural attitude d. leadership capability e. technology capability
required capability
Why should managers be concerned with employee motivation? a. gen y employees have no work ethic b. the managers' bonuses depend on it c. research indicates the majority of workers are disengaged from their work d. the theory x people were right: employees won't work unless they are micro-managed e. research shows motivated managers are more popular than unmotivated ones
research indicates the majority of workers are disengaged from their work
The major contribution of Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory is _________. a. job context leads to greater satisfaction than job content b. satisfaction and dissatisfaction are two different scales c. motivation is the opposite of hygiene d. personal hygiene is more important to managers than to employees e. the notion that dissatisfaction is the opposite of satisfaction was proven empirically
satisfaction and dissatisfaction are two different scales
In the sales department Hal is constantly trying to bring in the highest revenue each quarter. Hal fully believes he is able to do this, no matter the hurdles. He continues to stay focused on the goal and puts in all his effort. Which of the following goal-performance contingencies is Hal leveraging? a. goal commitment b. leadership c. feedback d. self-efficacy e. national culture
self-efficacy
Which one of the following theories best expresses the relationship of leadership research to national culture? a. path-goal b. leader-member exchange c. situational leadership d. leader-participation e. contingency
situational leadership
Selecting the proper activities to measure is critical because ________. a. some activities contribute more to the achievement of organizational goals than others b. measuring can be subject to bias c. competitors may use the information to their advantage d. not every activity can be quantified e. data on most activities is limited
some activities contribute more to the achievement of organizational goals than others
In value chain management, who has the power in the value chain? a. the distributor b. the manager c. the supplier d. the manufacturer e. the customer
the customer
The self-efficacy of the goal-setting theory relates most closely to _________. a. a high need for affiliation b. the effort-performance linkage of the expectancy theory c. persistence of motivation d. distributive justice of the equity theory e. self-actualization of the hierarchy of needs
the effort-performance linkage of the expectancy theory
Personal observation is considered an inferior source of information because __________. a. the observer may miss something important b. managers infer too much from what they see and will reach false conclusions c. it is not quantitative d. managers tend to engage in conversations with people being observed e. managers get too bogged down in the details
the observer may miss something important
Jim never could trust his team. He knew that every time he was out of the office they would be loafing off and not getting their work done. He also knew that unless he watched them very carefully, the work they did do would be inadequate to reach the team's goals. Which of the following motivation theories best represents the way Jim might lead his team? a. motivation factors b. maslow's hierarchy c. theory y d. hygiene factors e. theory x
theory x
Although research has not revealed a set of traits all leaders possess, we have discovered that _________. a. leaders are born, not made b. all leaders are extraverts c. there is consistency in the traits underlying what leaders do d. charisma is required for good leadership e. non-leaders possess traits that leaders do not
there is consistency in the traits underlying what leaders do
The one glaring flaw with the hierarchy of needs theory is __________. a. it works only in collectivist cultures b. it doesn't work c. there is no empirical evidence to support it d. once the employees find out about it, a manager cannot use it to motivate employees e. later research disproves this theory, making it obsolete
there is no empirical evidence to support it
Her supervisor mentioned to Frances that funds were available for professional development. At her next review one year later, Frances reported she had not attended any development events. The supervisor could not take any corrective action in this situation because ___________. a. there was nothing wrong with Frances' performance b. Frances could not find any suitable training c. there was no plan to which to compare the results, in this case lack of development activity d. Frances had not agreed to seek development events e. Frances was already a superior performer
there was no plan to which to compare the results, in this case lack of development activity
One potential criticism of the lmx theory is ________. a. the only behavior mentioned is the choice of in-group members b. there is no mention of desirable leader traits c. it does not indicate what leaders should do d. it ignores the job vs. employee relationship e. time and resources tend to be more plentiful to members of the in-group so that out-group members are less likely to succeed
time and resources tend to be more plentiful to members of the in-group so that out-group members are less likely to succeed
Most orders for Christmas merchandise are placed by retailers to arrive in mid-October. But several years ago the dock workers were on strike, so the orders sat in the transporter ships. Only one retailer, JC Penney, was spared the shortages because its buyers anticipated the strike and ordered early that year. Why would Penney's choose to incur merchandise costs so early? a. To avoid a scandal b. So it could say it had carried out its strategic plan c. Because empowered employees can make better decisions d. To protect the workplace from supply chain disruptions e. To avoid workplace violence
to protect the workplace from supply chain disruptions
My Local Market buys bulk quantities of staples such as flour, sugar, peanuts, etc. and repackages them into smaller quantities for consumers. Even actions as simple as this comprise a ___________ process. a. synthetic b. analytic c. service d. transformation e. deconstruction
transformation
Roseanne is excellent at sharing a compelling vision with others. Despite being a young entrepreneur, she often has the ability to gather support based just on her vision. Which of the following would best describe Roseanne's leadership? a. follower readiness b. high lmx c. goal focused d. transformational e. transactional
transformational
Trust has become more important in today's organizations because __________. a. competence is at an all-time low b. too many people are untrustworthy c. older workers have extensive knowledge and competency d. trust in leadership leads to greater organizational success e. younger workers resent micromanagement
trust in leadership leads to greater organizational success
Deming expected employees to _________. a. ask for training if they did not know how to perform tasks assigned to them b. use a variety of skills in the performance of their jobs c. rely on quality auditors to tell them whether their work met quality standards d. understand statistical methods e. be responsible for implementing his 14 points
understand statistical methods
During the announcement of the merger between Body Metal and Shimmer, the two CEOs neglected to mention that to avoid duplication, some positions would be eliminated and employees would lose their jobs. The combining of the two product lines into one would also require a reduction in force. Some would consider this omission to be ____________. a. information overload b. unethical communication c. selective perception d. verbal intonation e. jargon
unethical communication
Many of the early theories of leadership examined specific behaviors. Which of the following described leadership behavior in terms of autocratic styles and democratic styles? a. university of michigan b. university of iowa c. managerial grid d. maslow's hierarchy e. ohio state
university of iowa
Companies feel vindicated in monitoring employees' use of company computers because _________. a. it allows them to build a file for the dismissal of the employee b. using computers for non-work activities slows down the system and can cause other employees to be less productive c. what gets monitored gets measured d. they want to encourage employees to use their own equipment to reduce technology expenses for the company e. employees will only perform when they know they are being watched
using computers for non-work activities slows down the system and can cause other employees to be less productive
Every two minutes via satellite, Walmart captures sales data from every store. Using this data, the system places electronic purchase orders automatically when inventory in the distribution center reaches minimum allowable levels. No human intervention is required. This is an example of __________. a. using technology to manage the value chain b. the effective use of people c. Six Sigma d. required capabilities e. the organization;s culture
using technology to manage the value chain
__________ is the performance characteristics, the features and the attributes, and any other aspects for which customers will pay. a. management control b. productivity c. value d. transformation e. service
value
Marla is an interior design consultant. Her current project is to design the guest room interiors for a new hotel. She is working with the hotel management, suppliers of wall coverings, window dressings, floor coverings, bathroom fixtures, and several other vendors. All these entities are part of the _____________. a. PERT team b. strategic alliance c. operations system d. value change e. quality control system
value chain
Emphasizing words or phrases when speaking is known as ___________. a. filtering b. verbal intonation c. body language d. feedback e. selective perception
verbal intonation
When Elaine was trying to motivate her team toward a challenging goal, she often said, "We MUST get this done!" She would emphasize the word "must." This is called which of the following? a. verbal intonation b. word control c. overload d. filtering e. selective perceptive
verbal intonation
The ability to create and articulate a fascinating and credible picture of the future is best left to which of the following descriptions of leaders? a. transactional b. charismatic c. transformational d. visionary e. high lmx
visionary
For the want of the nail, the shoe was lost. For the want of the shoe, the horse was lost. For the want of the horse, the rider was lost. For the want of the rider, the battle was lost. For the want of the battle, the kingdom was lost. And all for the want of a horseshoe nail. (Benjamin Franklin) As it relates to business, this poem illustrates _____________. a. distributors are the most important entity in the value chain b. goods delivered late have no value c. nothing related to management d. what can happen in the absence of value chain management e. the importance of quality control
what can happen in the absence of value chain management