Multiple choice Ap Psy

Neurotransmitters that function like the drug morphine are involved in pain modulation include which of the following?

Endorphins

Painkilling substances produced by the brain are known as

Endorphins

Which letter indicates the synaptic cleft?

D

Which chemical is most closely associated with sleep?

Melatonin

Which of the following is a disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin of neurons in the central nervous system?

Multiple sclerosis

Joel's pupils become dilated, his digestion is reduced, and his skin becomes cold. Which system is controlling his bodily changes?

Sympathetic

Information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by

Afferent Nuerons

Which of the following brain structures is most closely associated with Ted's fear response to the snake?

Amygdala

Which of the following correctly pairs subdivisions within the major divisions of the human nervous system?

Autonomic . . sympathetic and parasympathetic

The area labeled X in the drawing above denotes which of the following structures?

Axon terminals

When excitatory neurotransmitters stimulate a single neuron, the neuron

Becomes more likely to produce an action potential

Which of the following parts of the brain is most active in decision-making?

Cerebral cortex

Which of the following allows the examination of living brain tissue visually without performing surgery?

Computerized axial tomography

Which of the following is reduced during a fight or flight reaction?

Digestion

Which of the following neurotransmitters has been linked to Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia?

Dopamine

A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data is collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called

EEG

After a stroke, Jeff has noticed his memory for past events remains good, but it is very difficult for him to remember new events like what movie he just watched. It is most likely that Jeff suffered damage to which part of the brain?

Hippocampus

The brain scans of people with amnesia are most likely to show damage to the

Hippocampus

Which of the following is the best evidence that the environment plays a role in intelligence?

Identical twins reared together are more similar than identical twins reared apart.

Mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feelings of well-being at the end of each exercise session. The best explanation for Mary's perseverance in the program is that exercise

Increase in endorphin

Many common antidepressants ease symptoms of depression by

Inhibiitng serotonin reuptake, which makes serotonin more avaliable

Juana accidentally touched a hot iron. She immediately drew back her hand. Which of the following is true about the withdrawal of her hand?

It was initiated in the spinal cord.

Which of the following is brain imaging technique that produces the most detailed picture of brain structure?

MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging

Which of the following provide information regarding brain function by monitoring the brain at work through metabolism of glucose?

PET

Which of the following is a genetic disorder that results in a deficiency of a liver enzyme that, if not treated soon after birth, may eventually lead to profound mental retardation?

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

ames was born with a condition that makes it impossible for him to metabolize certain proteins. Due to early screening and a special diet, he was able to avoid developing potentially serious symptoms. Which of the following disorders does James have?

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?

Reticular formation

If an individual has lost the ability to feel pain in the left arm, there is most likely damage to what area of the brain?

Right Parietal

Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron?

The terminal buttons

The role of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is to

establish homeostasis after a fight-or-flight response

The primary effect of the myelin sheath is to

increase the velocity of conduction of the action potential along the axon

The function of dendrites is to

receive information from other neurons

Sperry

split brain in mice - two hemispheres seemed to learn despite being separated

Which of the following are NOT part of a neuron?

synapses

Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as

the absolute refractory phase