nutrition exam 1
When assessing the client's understanding of the role of beta-carotene in health, which of the following statements indicate the client has a correct understanding of role of this nutrient?
"I include winter squash in several of my meals; it helps my eyesight."
The nurse is conducting client education for a 71-year-old woman who is a resident of a long-term care facility. The assessment indicates that she is at a high risk for malnutrition. Which of the following reasons concerns is the client likely to report with respect to her nutritional status?
"I just don't have an appetite."
A nurse is providing education to a client about the differences between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins. The client is correct in making which of the following statements after the teaching session?
"I need to take water-soluble vitamins every day."
The client is interested in breastfeeding her infant but has to return to work once her maternity leave is over. The client says she is concerned she will not be able to breastfeed her baby long enough for optimal health. How should the nurse respond?
"It is recommended that you give the baby only breast milk for first 6 months of life."
A 79-year-old client has been admitted to a long-term care facility where a liberal eating pattern is offered. The client is concerned about his long history of high cholesterol and wants a diet that will promote heart health. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
"Malnutrition is a greater threat than hypercholesterolemia."
When asked by a client if she should be concerned about the amount of phosphorus in her diet, which of the following is the best response by the nurse?
"No, phosphorus is pervasive in the food supply."
When providing teaching to a client about the importance of drinking the recommended amount of water daily, the client states, "I just really hate the taste of water." What is the nurse's best response?
"Other types of beverages may provide phytochemicals to the body."
Sodium is a necessary nutrient and the major extracellular cation in the body. When providing client education regarding the importance of sodium in the body, which of the following is the most accurate statement the nurse can make?
"Sodium helps the transmission of impulses between brain cells."
A nurse is seeing a client who is having difficulties understanding why it would be dangerous to take more vitamin D than indicated on the directions on the bottle. Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?
"Vitamin D is fat soluble; excess is stored.
A nurse is seeing a client who is 23 weeks pregnant. The client asks, "Is it really that necessary to take a prenatal vitamin?" Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
"Yes, because the RDA for iron increases with pregnancy."
A nurse is lecturing a class of nursing students about nutrition in children. The students are given an assignment to plan a heart-healthy diet for an 8-year-old. Which of the following would be the best breakfast?
1 cup of oatmeal, 8 oz of 2% milk, and 1 piece of wheat toast with 1 tsp of butter
What are the nutritional recommendations for calcium during a normal pregnancy?
1000 mg/day
During a visit to the maternal child clinic, a client asks the nurse when she can begin giving her baby whole milk. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
12 months
The client is now at 20 weeks of gestation. At conception, her weight was considered "normal." Approximately how much weight should she have gained by this time?
12 pounds
The nurse is working with a 55-year-old female client who has chronic constipation. After evaluating the clients' food intake, it is determined that the client needs to ingest more fiber. What is the recommended daily intake of fiber for this client?
14 g/day per 1000 calories of intake
A mother is concerned her 15-year-old daughter is not very active. The mother wants to know how many calories a day should she feed her to keep her from gaining weight.
1800 calories
A young mother is concerned her 2-year-old daughter is gaining too much weight. Which of the following should the nurse recommend the mother to give daily when following a 1000 cal/day diet? Select all that apply.
2 oz protein 1 cup vegetables 2 cups dairy
A nurse is reviewing the healthy heart recommendations from the Dietary Guidelines for Americans with a group of parents. The parents in the group most likely have children in which age range?
2 years to adult
The nurse is admitting a healthy 35-year-old woman to the outpatient surgery department for a day surgical procedure. She consumes approximately 2000 cal/day. What is her recommended intake of water?
2000 mL of fluid per day
The nurse is conducting an assessment on a new client who is being admitted to the long-term care facility. The client is a 69-year-old gentleman who is moderately active. What is the recommended calorie per day intake?
2200
A client has been told to monitor his sodium intake. What is the Upper Limit (UL) set for adults for sodium Adequate Intake (AI)?
2300 mg
A client has asked the nurse what is the recommended dosage for iron during pregnancy? Which of the following is the correct response?
27 mg/day
The client is a 32-year-old female whose prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is 18. She is pregnant with a single fetus. Which amount of weight gain should the nurse recommend as healthy?
28 to 40 pounds
The nurse is discussing weight gain with a group of pregnant women in a prenatal clinic. One of the women in the group has been measured with a body mass index (BMI) of 17.5. The nurse knows this client should gain how much weight during her pregnancy?
28-40 pounds
The client has an active 15-year-old boy. To maintain his weight, how many calories may he need per day?
2800 calories
The nurse should identify which lunch is best for a healthy 65-year-old who lives independently?
3 oz of tuna on whole wheat bread, 1 medium apple, and 8 oz of 2% milk
Which lunch is best for a 10-year-old who is active?
3 oz of tuna on whole wheat bread, 1 medium apple, and 8 oz of 2% milk
As children grow, they generally consume more calories, decide if they want to eat, and how much they want to eat. What is the rule-of-thumb guideline to determine an age-appropriate serving size for a 3-year-old?
3 tbsp
The client is 24 weeks pregnant. How much have her daily calorie needs increased over her first trimester needs?
300 calories
The mother of a 3-month-old infant asks the nurse in the breastfeeding clinic when the baby will be able to eat solids. Which of the following ages should the nurse respond?
4 to 6 months of age
Older adults need adequate protein in their diet. What are the approximate protein needs per day for an older adult weighting 132 pounds (60 kg)?
48 g/day
The nurse is providing nutritional education to a group of pregnant women in the second trimester. For one of the learning activities, the clients are asked to develop a lunch menu based on principles of healthy eating in pregnancy. Which of the following menus indicates the nutritional teaching has been effective?
6 oz of chicken breast with tomato, 1 small apple, 1.5 oz low fat cheese, two 4 oz slices of whole wheat bread
The nurse is admitting a client who is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The physician writes an order for a body mass index (BMI) to be calculated. The nurse understands that a BMI is which of the following?
A calculation of an index of a person's weight in relation to height
While completing admission assessments, which of the following clients would the nurse identify to be considered at greatest nutritional risk?
A client who has four beers every evening
Although many people may not be meeting recommended nutritional guidelines for optimal health, it is not always necessary for people to take a vitamin supplement. Which of the following individuals is least likely to need a vitamin supplement?
A moderately active adult
When educating the client, the nurse understands that there can be some negativity associated with the term "diet." Many clients may view "diet" as another term for which of the following?
A short-term punishment to endure
The nurse is aware that particular populations are prone to vitamin deficiencies for various reasons. Why are older adults prone to vitamin D deficiency?
Aging reduces the kidneys' ability to activate vitamin D.
A nurse is seeing a client who has just found out she is 10 weeks pregnant. When discussing what to avoid, which of the following should the nurse emphasize most?
Alcohol
A client has been informed by a health-care provider that he may have a deficiency of copper. Provided this information, the nurse suspects which of the following? What mineral has the potential to cause a deficiency of copper in the body?
An excessive intake of zinc
The nurse is teaching a class of health aides at a long-term care facility how to assess and document the nutritional intake of a client with decreased appetite. Which of the following teaching points should the nurse emphasize?
An individualized nutrition assessment is best
The nurse is conducting admission assessments on four new clients. Which client would be referred to the dietitian because of suspected malnutrition?
An older adult client who has muscle wasting
Clients who need to be on antibiotics for a prolonged period of time may be at an increased risk of vitamin K deficiency for which of the following reasons?
Antibiotics kill intestinal bacteria that produce vitamin K
Which of the following statements by a client who is obese in prepregnancy indicates to the nurse the client understands the nurse's teaching?
At the high end of the range, I can gain 20 pounds."
A liberal diet approach is a holistic approach toward meeting client's nutritional needs. This approach takes into consideration which of the following? Select all that apply.
Based on individual needs Risk/benefit ratio Overall prognosis
t has been proven that taking folate at the recommended amount may help prevent neural tube defects. At which point in the pregnancy should folate be taken to prevent this complication?
Before conception and early in pregnancy
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant in a well-child visit. The nurse should expect to see development of which of the following feeding skills?
Begins to eat mashed foods
The nurse obtains a height and weight at each well-child visit to determine the risk for obesity. All young clients who are not in a healthy weight range should be evaluated for which of the following? Select all that apply.
Behavior risks Adequacy of food budget Medical risks
A client asks the nurse in the prenatal clinic when she should plan to be tested for possible diabetes during her pregnancy. Which of the following is a correct response?
Between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation
The pregnant client tells the clinic nurse she is worried about neural tube defects in her baby. Which of the following nutritional sources should the nurse recommend to help clients prevent this fetal complication? Select all that apply.
Breakfast cereals Folate supplement Lentils
The nurse is preparing an educational session on the long-term benefits of breastfeeding. Which of the following teaching points should the nurse include?
Breastfeeding is associated with reducing the risk of postpartum depression
The nurse is conducting client education for a 21-year-old pregnant woman in the clinic. The client asks why she should choose to breastfeed rather than formula feed her baby. What would be the best response?
Breastfeeding is better for the kidneys when compared with formula feeding
he nurse is meeting with several pregnant clients to discuss breastfeeding. Which of the following statements about the benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and infants should the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply.
Breastfeeding may be protective against breast cancer in the mother. Breastfeeding can mobilize fat stores to help women lose weight, particularly in the lower body. Breastfeeding may decrease the risk of food allergies in the infant
When asked by the health class asks the nurse which mineral is the most abundant in the body, what is the correct response?
Calcium
The client is concerned that her milk may not be providing adequate nutrition for her infant due to inadequate diet. The nurse suspects that the client may not be able to provide enough of which of the following nutrients through breast milk?
Calorie content
B vitamins are known to be coenzymes and assist with various bodily reactions and functions. Not all coenzymes, however, are considered B vitamins. What substance is a coenzyme and is considered a non-B vitamin?
Carnitine
A client who has been identified as having excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) in her pregnancy has come to the prenatal clinic for a visit with a nurse. When providing education to the client about risks associated with GWG, which of the following should the nurse include?
Cesarean section
While discussing the various chemical properties of nutrients in the body, the class discusses the differences between anions and cations. What mineral is the major anion in the extracellular fluid?
Chloride
While discussing nutrition with the group of clients, the nurse explains that some vitamins and minerals work together. What trace element is an essential component of vitamin B12?
Cobalt
The nurse is teaching the high school health class the benefit of including milk in the diet to prevent which of the following health complications?
Compromise of bone integrity
The nurse knows to provide which of the following information to family members of an older adult who are concerned about her hydration status?
Consume fluid at regular intervals throughout the day.
In order to ensure nutritional requirements for folic acid are met during pregnancy, clients need to do which of the following?
Consume fortified foods.
A nurse is recommending foods to avoid for a client who is pregnant. The nurse discusses caution when eating foods such as shark and swordfish for which of the following reasons?
Consumption can lead to neurologic abnormalities in the fetus
When conducting a nutritional screening with a client, the nurse tries to use terms other than "diet" when asking about the foods the client eats. Which term is not an appropriate alternative term to the word "diet"?
Counting calories
The nurse is conducting client teaching for a new breastfeeding mother before she is discharged from hospital. Which of the following fluid intake recommendations should the nurse make to the client?
Drink a glass of fluid every time the baby nurses and at every meal.
The nurse knows which of the following contributing factors puts adolescents at risk for calcium deficiency?
Drinking less milk
A student in a nutrition class is giving a report on "Adolescent Obesity." One of the topics in the report is health risks increased by obesity. What health risk would you expect to be included in the report?
Dyslipidemia
The school nurse is providing nutrition education to parents of adolescents. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in suggestions to enhance nutritional choices for this age group?
Eat dinner together as a family.
Despite eating small, frequent meals as suggested, a pregnant client reports continued nausea and vomiting. What additional suggestions should the nurse make?
Eat dry crackers between meals
A family member is concerned that an older adult family member does not have adequate nutritional intake. Which of the following is a risk factor for malnutrition among the older adult population?
Eating alone
To assist in nutrition screening in the community, the local older adult center has developed a screen to help identify individuals at high risk for malnutrition. Which of the following risk factors might be included?
Eats alone most of the time
Unintentional weight loss can be an indicator of malnutrition; however, apparent weight gain may be an unreliable indicator of improvement due to which of the following?
Edema
The nurse is caring for a 65-year-old Mr. Y who was admitted 1 week ago after his family found him confused and unable to ambulate in his home. After conducting the Mini Nutritional Assessment, the nurse notes the client has a score of 13 points. Which of the following client problems will the nurse find?
Edema of the feet
When teaching a client about diet changes, the nurse knows it is better to emphasize which of the following?
Encourage healthy options often
A nurse is discussing strategies to encourage healthy eating behaviors in children. Which of the following points would be important to include? Select all that apply.
Encourage physical activity throughout the day. Parents should sit down to eat with their children. Make sure snacks are nutrient-dense
A client who was widowed 6 weeks ago has a decreased appetite since his wife died. He reports consuming a low volume of food and worsening appetite. He has unintentionally lost 19 pounds since his wife's death and reports around-the-clock fatigue. He is admitted to the unit for weight loss due to inadequate nutritional intake. What nursing intervention would be appropriate for the nurse to include in the care plan for this client?
Encourage the client to eat a large, dense breakfast
Nutrition therapy in the elderly has different goals than at other times across the lifespan. What is a primary goal of diet intervention for the elderly?
Enhance quality of life
The nurse is conducting client education with a group of clients newly diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse assesses the effectiveness of the education by questioning how healthy sodium balance is maintained in the body. Which of the following is a correct response?
Extra sodium leaves the body through urine.
Children sometimes get mottled tooth enamel because they ingest more fluoride than is recommended while their teeth are forming. Which of the following may be the cause of this?
Fluoridated toothpaste
Given that bottled water is highly consumed by Americans, the nurse assessing the health needs of children in the community is aware that children who drink bottled water may require supplementation with which of the following?
Fluoride
The nurse educator is assessing learning about coenzymes with nursing students. A correct understanding of function of these molecules has been demonstrated when which of the following examples of the function of coenzymes is given?
Folacin helps with protein synthesis.
A client voices concerns about preventing neural tube defects during her pregnancy. The nurse knows the client should be taking which of the following supplements to prevent these problems?
Folic acid
The nurse is conducting a nutritional screening with an 84-year-old client with depression. Further into the assessment, the client describes positive feelings associated with certain foods eaten with his family in the past. In planning his meals, what would be appropriate for the nurse to include?
Foods that are considered "comfort foods"
While conducting a class on homeostasis as a function of the body, which of the following statements about homeostasis and minerals is true?
For some minerals, the body maintains homeostasis by releasing minerals from storage for redistribution.
The nurse is meeting with the wife of a client who has Alzheimer disease (AD). She is concerned about her husbands' nutritional status. What can the nurse tell her to watch for that would indicate a possible nutritional problem? Select all that apply.
Forgetting he had eaten and is eating again Forgetting how to shop for food
Parents of 4-month-old baby ask what concerns they should have about formula feeding. How should the nurse respond?
Formula-fed babies are at risk for being overfed.
The nurse is conducting client teaching for a new mother who is formula feeding her infant. The client asks about the nutritional value of formula. What would be the nurse's best response?
Formulas made in the United States have minimum nutrient requirements that are more than the nutrient amount provided in breast milk.
To counteract low serum levels of vitamin B12 typically found in older adults, the nurse should recommend and increase in intake which of the following sources of this vitamin?
Fortified cereals
The nurse is seeing a 58-year-old client who would like to know what to eat in order to increase intake of vitamin D. Which of the following responses by the nurse correct?
Fortified milk
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class at the local high school. When discussing good sources of dietary calcium, which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
Fortified orange juice
When preparing information about contemporary problems with healthy eating in children, which of the following issues should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
Get one third of their calories from snacks. Obtain a significant portion of their calories from sweetened beverages. Skip breakfast.
When providing teaching on feeding hazards with preschoolers, the nurse should include which of the following foods when discussing the risk for choking?
Grapes
The son of a 90-year-old client who is sedentary is discussing with a nurse strategies for preventing malnutrition in the older adult. How should the nurse best respond?
Have some family meals throughout the week
A nurse working on a very busy unit feels she does not have adequate time to monitor each client's nutritional intake. What is a simple nursing intervention that can assist the nurse in evaluating clients' intended outcomes?
Have the client weighted daily and record the weight.
When assessing a client who is planning to become pregnant, the nurse knows which of the following factors puts the client at risk for poor nutritional status during pregnancy? Select all that apply.
Heavy menstruation in prepregnancy Living in a remote area Prepregnancy BMI of 17
nurse assessing a client notices he is taking large doses of niacin. The client informs the nurse that a health-care provider has instructed him to do so. Which of the following health issues is the most likely reason for this intervention?
High LDL cholesterol
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. What is the greatest known modifiable risk factor of OA of the knee?
High body mass index
An 80-year-old female was admitted with pneumonia. During her assessment, she mentions she has recently had difficulty eating because "everything keeps going down the wrong pipe." When the nurse is developing a care plan, which of the following is an appropriate nursing diagnosis to include?
High risk of aspiration
The nurse conducts an educational session on nutrition for staff in a long-term care facility. The nurse asks the learners to complete an assignment to create a list of strategies for enhancing food intake in residents of the facility. If teaching was effective, which of the following strategies should be on this list? Select all that apply.
Honor food preferences. Involve the family in mealtime. Encourage independence in eating
The nurse is conducting nutritional screening for older adults at a health fair. Which of the following
How many medications do you take?
Nursing care plans include nursing diagnoses that address nutrition status when the nurse assesses this as a client need. After identifying a nutritional deficiency in a client, which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate to include?
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
During a clinic visit, the mother of 3-month-old infant tells the nurse the baby is taking Phenyl-free formula. For which of the following reasons would the infant require this type of formula?
Inborn error of metabolism
The nurse is evaluating the client's nutritional status at her prenatal visit. The client is asking if she should take a nutrient supplement. The nurse should base the response to the client's question on which of the following needs?
Individual circumstances
Which of the following foods would be the best option for introducing to a 6-month-old infant?
Infant rice cereal
A client tells the clinic nurse that she is having cravings for nonfood items such as laundry starch, clay, and ice. The nurse anticipates this client is most likely at risk for which of the following?
Iron deficiency
The nurse is caring for a client for whom serum albumin screening has been used to assess protein status. The nurse understands that there are disadvantages to using albumin to indicate the nutritional status of protein in the body. What is one of those disadvantages?
It is not specific for nutritional status.
A nurse is seeing a client who reports she is concerned about free radicals. The client is seeking nutritional guidance to prevent the damage that can be caused by them. Which of the following foods can the nurse recommend for prevention?
Leafy green vegetables
The nurse is seeing an older adult client who states her health-care provider informed her she is not getting enough magnesium in her diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to help the client obtain more of this nutrient?
Leafy greens
A client in the prenatal clinic tells the nurse she is having trouble keeping her breakfast down and has waves of nausea throughout the day. Which of the following is the most appropriate nutritional intervention the nurse can suggest to the client?
Limiting fat intake
A nurse prepares to share several suggestions learned from a conference titled "How to Facilitate Client and Family Nutritional Teaching" with other unit nurses. Which of the following is an appropriate suggestion for teaching clients and their families?
Listen to the ideas and concerns the client and family may have
The client has not been eating well since he was admitted to the long-term care facility. When the advanced practice nurse (APN) comes to the facility to see her clients, the nurse mentions her concerns about the nutritional status of this client. The APN notes that one of the client's orders is for a can of liquid dietary supplement to be given between meals three times a day. What may the client be experiencing as a result of taking this supplement? Select all that apply.
Loss of appetite Taste fatigue
A client is concerned she is not getting enough vitamin D in her diet. The nurse provides some client education regarding sources of vitamin D. The nurse includes in the teaching that synthesis of vitamin D is NOT impaired by which of the following?
Low calcium intake
The nurse is providing nutrition information to a prenatal class. The nurse is correct in stating that compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowances of pregnancy, the RDA for lactation is which of the following?
Lower for iron
The nurse is preparing a meal plan for a client who will be assisted by a home health aide. The nurse recognizes the overall goal of nutrition therapy for this older adult is which of the following?
Maintain or restore maximal independent functioning
The nurse is conducting an assessment of a new client who has been using mega doses of nutritional supplements for several years. The nurse is aware that consistently high doses of many vitamins have no adverse effects; however, long-term exposure to synthetic folic acid may do which of the following?
Mask a deficiency of vitamin B12
The nurse is teaching a high school health class about calcium. What should the nurse teach the students to eat in order to promote the absorption of calcium?
Milk
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class to a group of pregnant women in the community. A client in the class who is vegetarian asks what would be a good source of vitamin B12. Which of the following is the correct response?
Milk
Riboflavin is said to be unique among the water-soluble vitamins. What makes riboflavin unique?
Milk and dairy products contribute the most riboflavin to the diet.
A nurse educator is teaching a class about the role of minerals in the diet. The nurse is assesses that teaching was effective when students are able to verbalize which of the following?
Minerals originate from the earth's crust.
Research regarding increasing the effectiveness of client teaching has found that nutritional counseling that is most effective is that done by which health-care provider?
Nurses and dieticians
The client has a 6-month-old infant. It is part of the infant's bedtime routine to get a bottle of formula when he goes down for the night. Which of the following problems is this infant most likely at risk for?
Nursing bottle caries
When conducting an assessment of a new client, the nurse asks if the client uses any supplements. What is the approximate percentage of American adults who take vitamin supplements based on their beliefs about their health?
One-half to two-thirds
A 6-year-old boy has just come in from school and wants a snack. The mother is trying to maintain a heart-healthy diet for him by following the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. What would be the best snack the mother could give him?
Peanut butter on crackers
The nurse is seeing a client who is 65 years old. The client makes the statement, "Why should I care so much about what I eat, I won't be living that much longer anyway." Which of the following is true about aging?
People are living much longer than before.
When teaching a class about the role of nutrition in preventing illness transmitted through viruses and bacteria, a nurse should include a discussion regarding foods that contain which of the following?
Phytonutrients
A nursing student is taking a course in geriatric nursing, and the subject for today is altered nutritional status. Which of the following data from the physical assessment is least reliable in indicating to the nurse that the older adult client might be malnourished?
Poor wound healing
The elderly population has a mean intake below the dietary reference intake (DRI) for several nutrients. Which of the following falls into that classification?
Potassium
Quality-of-life issues are a priority in the elderly, especially in residents of long-term care facilities. What are the key components in meeting quality-of-life standards among older adults who are residents of long-term care facilities?
Prevention of unintentional weight loss and pressure ulcers
While teaching a nutrition class, the nurse correctly discusses the largest source of sodium in the typical American diet is which of the following?
Processed foods
The 74-year-old client who has been hospitalized for 1 week has developed a pressure ulcer on her sacrum that has become infected. Which of the following reasons is the most likely cause of this health complication?
Protein-calorie malnutrition
The nurse is discussing nutritional needs with a client who is considering pregnancy. The nurse correctly tells the client caloric needs typically start to increase at which point in the pregnancy?
Second trimester
Antioxidants disarm free radicals produced during normal oxygen metabolism. Which mineral is a component of an enzyme that acts as an antioxidant?
Selenium
A 77-year-old client who lives alone is admitted to the hospital after his children found him in a confused state at home. As the nurse is preparing the nursing care plan, which of the following nursing diagnoses would indicate a nutrition intervention is require?
Self-care deficit: feeding
During a class on fluid balance, the nurse educator discusses water as a vital element for the human body. The class has effectively learned at least one of the functions of water when they state which of the following?
Serves as a solvent for vitamins and glucose
The nurse is conducting nutrition counseling with a 21-year-old pregnant woman in a prenatal clinic. What should the nurse explain to the client about caloric intake during the second and third trimesters of her pregnancy?
She will need approximately 450 cal/day increase during the third trimester.
A client is admitted with persistent diarrhea and a weight loss of 10 pounds. Which of the following assessment data is significant about the weight loss if the client stated it happened over the past 3 months?
Signifies a chronic versus acute condition
A family is meeting with the nurse to discuss their concern about their 78-year-old family member who is having difficulty chewing food. The client is refusing a pureed diet. Which of the following are examples of food the family can offer? Select all that apply.
Soft melon Cooked carrots Ripe banana
When providing teaching to parents who are about to introduce solids to their 6-month-old baby, the nurse should be sure to discuss allergies are more likely with which one of the following foods?
Soy
The nurse is seeing an older adult client who has been assessed to have sarcopenia. The nurse is providing education to the client regarding lifestyle modifications that can be made to halt or reverse this condition. Which of the following modifications should the nurse recommend?
Strength-training exercises
The client is being evaluated for dehydration. The nurse is aware which of the following conditions increase the loss of fluid from the body?
Strenuous exercise and extreme temps
The nurse is caring for a client with a severe protein deficiency. What other deficiency would the nurse anticipate to find in this client?
Sulfur
The physician has recommended that a client take a vitamin supplement. What would the client look for when choosing a vitamin supplement?
The "Supplement Facts" label
The nurse correctly explains to a group of older adults that which of the following causes the body's need for vitamin D to increase over the age of 50 years?
The ability to synthesize vitamin D from sunlight, which decreases with age
While taking a client's medical psychosocial history, the nurse collects client data which includes the following information: The client has been treated for a major depressive episode 2 years ago, the client practices Islam, and is high in socioeconomic status. Her hair is visibly dry and dull, and she mentions that her hands feel weak in the past few months. What in the medical-psychosocial assessment might lead to a nutritional deficiency?
The client's history of major depressive episode
The nurse is aware that the production of pale yellow urine is assumed to be a reliable indicator of adequate fluid intake. However, in certain age groups thirst is only recognized after significant fluid loss. For which of the following age groups is this true?
The elderly
The nurse is aware that magnesium deficiency is a potential nutritional problem in the United States. What is the cause of this potential problem?
The use of refined grains over whole grains
A nurse is discussing dietary minerals with a client who wants to ensure as much nutritional value of food is retained during food preparation. The nurse should provide which of the following information about minerals?
They are not destroyed by heat and light
It is recommended that people older than the age of 50 years take vitamin supplements, but it is important they take the proper type of supplement—namely, "50+" or "mature" multivitamin supplement formulas for which of the following reasons?
They contain less iron
Parental support for a healthier lifestyle is vital to children. Parents also recognize that setting a good example for their children is important. Why do some parents who are overweight feel they cannot set a good example in diet and nutrition for their children?
They feel they cannot practice what they preach
The clinic nurse is conducting an education session for clients who are taking anticoagulants. Which of the following important information should the nurse include when providing teaching to the clients?
They should take the vitamin K at the same time each day
Thiamin acts as a coenzyme when the body metabolizes carbohydrates. It also has another important function. What is that other function?
Thiamin is important in nervous system functioning.
The nurse is caring for a client in a long-term care facility who is 77 years of age and overweight. The nurse is considering putting this client on a low-calorie diet. Some experts recommend that strict therapeutic diets be used in older adults only when a significant improvement in health can be expected. Which elderly clients would a restrictive diet be recommended for?
Those with liver cirrhosis
The nurse is admitting a 35-year-old client with alcoholism to the hospital. In planning nursing care, what long-term nutritional goals might the nurse set?
To improve eating habits to reduce the risk of chronic disease
When teaching a nutrition class, the nurse educator discusses the importance of trace minerals in body function. A lack of information means the nurse educator can only provide basic information about trace minerals for which of the following reasons?
Trace minerals are difficult to study; bioavailability varies within the context of the total diet.
The nurse is admitting a client onto the unit with a diagnosis of manganese toxicity. What symptoms would be expected in this client?
Tremors
One of the pregnant clients in a nutrition class voices concern about being constipated despite having very regular bowel movements in prepregnancy. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
Try drinking hot water with lemon juice upon waking
Part of the nutrition assessment is calculating the client's BMI. The nurse is aware that a BMI of 18 indicates the client falls in what category?
Underweight
The nurse is assessing a new client who is being admitted due to possible mineral toxicity. When taking the client's nutritional history, the nurse is most likely to find that the client has been doing which of the following?
Using excessive mineral supplements
The health-care provider has instructed the client to eat foods that will provide more vitamin E. Which of the following should the nurse recommend that the client eat?
Vegetable oils
During a nutrition class, students learn that vitamins can exist in more than one form and have more than one function. Of which of the following vitamins is this true?
Vitamin A
The risk of nutritional and health problems is present in all age groups. Which of the following is the most likely nutritional risk during adolescence?
Vitamin A deficiency
Inadequate gastric acid secretion secondary to gastric resection, use of medications that suppress gastric acid, or gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori is the most common cause of which of the following?
Vitamin B12 deficiency
A client who is breastfeeding her baby from birth to 1 year should be informed to supplement her baby with which of the following vitamins?
Vitamin D
The nurse is providing education on the prevention of major fractures in older adults, such as fracture of the hip. Which of the following recommendations for vitamin intake should the nurse be sure to include in the educational session?
Vitamin D
The nurse is aware that vitamins have been found to have other functions than to just nourish the body. Vitamins are often used as food additives for specific purposes. Which vitamin is added to frozen fish to help prevent rancidity?
Vitamin c
The nurse is seeing a client who reports she smokes cigarettes. According to the RDA, the nurse should discuss with the client increasing intake of which of the following vitamins?
Vitamin c
The nurse is discussing with the nutrition class which dietary supplements older adults need to take. Which of the following supplements should the nurse emphasize are needed in the older adult population?
Vitamin d
The nurse is aware that vitamins are organic compounds that differ in function and availability. When discussing properties of vitamins with a client, which of the following statements is accurate?
Vitamins are susceptible to destruction by factors such as heat, air, and light.
The nurse is seeing an older adult client who has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA). Because the client is obese, what can the nurse say in order to support the client in making the decision to lost weight
Weight loss relieves symptoms in the weight-bearing joints
The family members of an older adult client in a long-term care facility are concerned that a restrictive diet will decrease quality of life for the client. The nurse correctly explains that the diet must be adhered to for which of the following reasons?
When a significant improvement in health can be expected
To ensure all inpatients receive adequate care, The Joint Commission specifies that nutrition screening be conducted at what time during hospital admission?
Within 24 hours after admission
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class at the local high school. When discussing good sources of dietary calcium, which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
fortified orange juice
The nurse is discussing with the nutrition class the role that some nutrients play in regulating chemical substances in the body. The nurse correctly explains which of the following is essential for effective metabolism and thermoregulation?
iodine
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has recently started consuming a lacto-vegetarian diet. The nurse is correct in informing the client that she will be able to take in more of which mineral?
potassium
A client is trying to understand where cheese fits into the MyPlate for Older Adults. The nurse explains that according to this plan, cheese is in which section?
protein
The school nurse is seeing a 14-year-old girl who says she does not feel like eating breakfast in the morning. The nurse should provide which of the following information about skipping breakfast to help the adolescent make healthier decisions for her daily nutrition intake?
skipping breakfast can make it more difficult to concentrate and retain information.
Vitamins can be either fat soluble or water soluble. Their solubility determines many of their characteristics. What is one characteristic that is determined by a vitamin's solubility?
storage
The nurse is caring for a client with a severe protein deficiency. What other deficiency would the nurse anticipate to find in this client?
sulfur
The nurse works with several clients who routinely take nutritional supplements. The nurse is aware that which of the following statements about vitamins is true?
taking large doses of vitamin A is potentially harmful.
A 71-year-old female client has functional limitations, in part caused by obesity. For which of the following reasons would the client seem reluctant to discussing a weight loss plan with the nurse?
the client does not feel the need to make changes at this point in her life
Physiologically and developmentally, an infant will indicate when he or she is ready and able to have solid foods added to his or her diet. What indication in an infant would tell the nurse that he or she is ready to progress to solid foods?
the eruption of teeth
The nurse is preparing the client to make the necessary dietary changes from pregnancy to lactation. Which of the following is most important for the nurse to include in client teaching?
ven if a mother has adequate fat stores, calorie intake should be increased
