OBGYN Test 2 review

Infertility affects

1 in 3

The dates established by sonography examinations performed in the second trimester typically take precedence over the menstrual age when the discrepancy is greater than ____ days

10

The dates established by sonography examinations performed in the second trimester typically take precedence over the menstrual age when the discrepancy is greater than _____ days.

10 days

Diagnostic ultrasound has been in use since the late ___decade

1950s

Multiple gestations in _____% of IVF pregnancies

30%

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma most frequently occurs in women over the age of?

40

Simple ovarian cysts in the postmenopausal women are not likely malignant when measuring less than ___ cm

5

Even when menstrual date is known conception may occur when?

6-27 days

The major biologic effects of the ultrasound are believed to be which one of the following?

All of the above : thermal, production and collapse of gas filled bubbles and cavitation

Which one of the following principles describes the right if self-determination?

Autonomy

The ethical principle(s) that determine(s) the timing of a routine sonographic exam are?

Autonomy & Justice

Fetal interests in sonography are understood exclusively in terms of ______

Beneficence

Which one of the following principles encourage sonographers to exceed the minimum standard of protocol and seek additional pertinent images as needed

Beneficence

The most accurate measurement of gestational age during the 1st trimester is what?

Crown Rump length

Which one of the following statements about AF is true?

In the first trimester fluid is produced by the placenta

The T shaped Uterus is a congenital anomaly caused by?

In utero exposure to (DES) diethylstilbestrol

Which ones refers to honesty?

Integrity

Which one of the following principal is served when protocols are standardized

Justice

Luteal phase deficiency is

Lack of progesterone production

which one of the following statements about determining fetal age is false?

Measure femur length on the femur farthest from the transducer

The kind of person we should become & virtues we should cultivate

Morality

On baseline pelvic ultrasound ovarian cyst could interfere with ovarian stimulation & produce a persistent follicle

More than 15mm

OB ultrasound allows the clinician to assess all of the following except? a. muscle tone b. development c. growth d. well being

Muscle tone

ALARA is an example of which ethical principle

Non-maleficence

Which principle says do no harm

Non-maleficence

Which one of the following emphasizes individual rights and autonomy?

Nuremberg code

Which one of the following syndromes demonstrates enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts, abdominal ascites and pleural effusion?

Ovarian Hyperstimulation

which one of the following endocrine disorders is associated with chronic anovulation?

PCOS

Which one of the following statements about polycystic ovarian syndrome is false?

PCOS occurs in the middle to late 30s

which statement about PID is false?

PID confers a decreased risk of ectopic pregnancy

which one of the following is an infection within the uterine serosa and broad ligaments?

Parametritis

Enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts and indistinct margins describe which one of the following conditions a. Peri-ovarian inflammation b. Tubo-ovarian complex c. Para-ovarian inflammation d. Oophoritis

Peri-ovarian inflammation

most common cause of PID

STD's

A code of ethics for sonographers has been adopted by which one of the following organizations

Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography

Which one of the following statements about ultrasound safety is true?

Studies on bioeffects of ultrasound are not definitive

2nd trimester images of fetal head include all except

Sylvian Fissure

Which one of the following statements about ovarian torsion is false?

The left ovary is 3x more likely to develop torsion than the right

Which one of the following statements about the fallopian tubes are false?

The tube is best seen transabdominally

The dermoid tumor is typically associated with what ultrasound sign?

Tip of the iceberg

an infection that involves the fallopian tube and the ovary is called?

Tubo-ovarian abscess

An ovary is generally considered abnormal if its volume is _____ the size of the contralateral ovary.

Twice

informed consent is a _______ right

autonomy

which one of the following statements about the gestational sac is false?

blood tests should be positive 7 to 10 hours after conception

Paraovarian cysts arise from the what structure?

broad ligament

A normal endometrial response associated with overstimulation is an increasing thickness between 2 to 3 mm and ____ mm a. 7 to 10 b. 10 to 20 c. 12 to 14 d. 20 to 25

c. 12 to 14 mm

this common adnexal mass may be found early in pregnancy reaching its maximum size by 10 weeks; this cyst is?

corpus luteal

A dominant follicle grows at a rate of ___ to ___ mm per day (mm/day) a. 0.5;1 b. 1;1.5 c. 1;2 d. 1;3

d. 1;3 mm

A specific diagnosis of a paraovarian cyst is possible only by

demonstrating an ipsilateral ovary separate from the cyst

A tumor that may mimic gas or feces in the pelvis is what?

dermoid

the most common benign tumor of the ovary is

dermoid

A 25 yr old woman complains of painful menstrual cycles and infertility. Transabdominal and transvaginal images demonstrate a hypoechoic well defined adnexal mass. Normal ovaries are seen bilaterally..

endometrioma

Functioning endometrial tissue is present outside of the uterus in which one of the following common conditions?

endometriosis

PID is an inclusive term that refers to all of the following pelvic infections except

endometriosis

Sonographic findings of PID include all but...

endometriosis

which discipline seeks to articulate clear and practical guidelines for conduct and character?

ethics

which cysts occur when a dominant follicle does not succeed in ovulating but remains active though immature?

follicular

PID and endometriosis may mimic what

functional bowel disease

Theca-lutein cysts are associated with high levels of what hormones

hCG

______ can be substituted for LH to trigger ovulation

hCG

The normal ovary exhibits which one of the following characteristic appearances?

homogeneous echotexture

Adherence to moral and ethical principles

integrity

Sexually transmitted PID spreads via

mucosa

Which principle requires the sonographer to read current medical literature to stay abreast?

non-maleficence

The partial or complete rotation of the ovarian pedicle on its axis is what?

ovarian torsion

Which pelvis organ is more involved with metastatic disease?

ovaries

Ovarian carcinoma is classified into four stages. Stage II is limited to which one of the following

pelvis

Inflammation of the serous membrane lining in the abdominal cavity and covering the viscera is what

peritonitis

over distended bladder may give a false impression of what?

placenta previa

Sonographic criteria for a simple ovarian cyst include all except?

posterior shadowing

A complex adnexal mass most likely represents

pyosalpinx

In PCOS, the ovaries have which one of the following shapes?

rounded

infection of fallopian tubes

salpingitis

The differential considerations for PID include all except...

serous cystadenoma

Risk factors in pelvic inflammatory disease PID include all of the following except?

single sexual partner

Which one of the following masses is rare but benign ovarian neoplasm most often seen in postmenopausal women?

thecoma

A mucinous cystadenoma is all of the following except?

thick with irregular walls and septations

fusion of the inflamed dilated tube and ovary

tubo-ovarian complex

Truthfulness with respect to abilities and limitations is an example of

veracity

which one of the following tends to have a narrow base attachment to the endometrium with a vascular pedicle feeding it?

Endometrial polyp

Which one of the following statements about diffuse endometriosis is false?

Endometriosis is easily diagnosed by sonography

The abdominal circumference (transverse view) is measured at the level of all the following except?

Fetal Kidneys

clinical symptoms of PID

Fever and dull pelvic aching

Perihepatic inflammation ascending from a pelvic infection is called ____________ syndrome.

Fritz-Hugh-Curtis

Assisted reproduction procedures increase risk of__________

Heterotopic pregnancies

An asymptomatic 32 yr old woman is diagnosed with a left adnexal mass on physical exam. A history of PID has been reported. Transabdominal and transvaginal images demonstrate an anechoic tubular structure in the left lower quadrant. What is this?

Hydrosalpinx

The differential considerations of a solid-appearing adnexal mass include all Except...

Hydrosalpinx