PEDS Chapter 41
The nurse is educating a parent about the treatment for a child's tinea cruris. What medication class would the nurse include in the teaching plan? Antifungal Corticosterioid Antihistamine Antibiotic
Antifungal Explanation: Tinea cruris is a fungal infection of the groin area. Treament would include antifungals. Antihistamines are typically used for the treatment of hypersensitivity and allergy disorders. Corticosterioids are used in the treatment of allergies and dermatitis. Antibiotics would be used to treat bacterial infections of the skin.
The nurse is caring for a child admitted with partial-thickness (second-degree) burns. What is most characteristic of this type of burn? Pain is minimal. Skin is red and edematous. Blisters appear. Muscle damage occurs.
Blisters appear. Explanation: In superfical (first-degree) burns, the injury is only to the epidermis. The burns are very painful, red and dry. In partial-thickness (seoncd-degree) burns, the injury is to the epidermis and part of the dermis. These burns are painful, edematous, have a wet appearance and form blisters.,In full-thickness (third-degree) burns, the dermis, epidermis and hypodermis are all involved. There may or may not be pain. These burns are red and edematous and may have peeling, charred skin. Muscle damage can occur.
The nurse is performing a physical examination for a 7-year-old girl who was bitten by a tick. What would alert the nurse to the possibility of early localized Lyme disease? Multiple erythema migrans on the skin Bull's-eye rash around the bite Cranial nerve palsies Recurrent arthritis in the large joints
Bull's-eye rash around the bite Explanation: A bull's-eye rash (ring-like rash) around the bite is typical of early localized Lyme disease. Multiple erythema migrans on the skin occurs during early disseminated disease. Cranial nerve palsies are indicative of early disseminated disease. Recurrent arthritis in the large joints occurs in the late stage of the disease.
A child with a burn injury is scheduled for skin grafting. Which intervention would be most appropriate for the nurse to include in the child's plan of care? Provide an egg crate mattress or gel mattress for the patient to lie upon Provide around the clock pain medication Administer analgesics when the child reports pain. Provide diversional activities for the patient
Provide around the clock pain medication Explanation: When the child undergoes a procedure, such as skin grafting, that is known to produce prolonged pain, administer pain medication on a scheduled basis—rather than as needed—once pain is reported. Around the clock pain medication will serve to diminish peaks and valleys in pain relief. Diversional activities and an egg crate mattress are not effective treatments for severe pain.
A 6-year-old child is brought to the clinic by his parents. The parents state, "He had a sore throat for a couple of days and now his temperature is over 102°F (38.9°C). He has this rash on his face and chest that looks like sunburn but feels really rough." What would the nurse suspect? Scarlet fever Pertussis Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CAMRSA) Diphtheria
Scarlet fever Explanation: Scarlet fever typically is associated with a sore throat, fever greater than 101° F (38.9° C), and the characteristic rash on the face, trunk, and extremities that looks like sunburn but feels like sandpaper. CAMRSA is typically manifested by skin and tissue infections. Diphtheria is characterized by a sore throat and difficulty swallowing but fever is usually below 102°F . Airway obstruction is apparent. Pertussis is characterized by cough and cold symptoms that progress to paroxysmal coughing spells along with copious secretions.