Psychology 200: Chapter 6 Study Guide

___________________ amnesia is the loss of memory of personal information that is thought to stem from psychological conflict or trauma.

Dissociative

_______________ is the first stage of information processing.

Encoding

______________ memory are memories of events that happen to a person or that takes place in the person's presence.

Episodic

____________ memory is the memory of things that are clearly stated or explained.

Explicit

_____________ memory is suggested but not plainly expressed, as illustrated in the things that people do but do not state clearly.

Implicit

________________ _______________ is the inability to recall events that occur prior to the age of three or so.

Infantile amnesia

_______________ is the process by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.

Memory

__________________ memory is the memory to perform an act in the future, as at a certain time.

Prospective

__________________ amnesia is the failure to remember events that occurred prior to physical trauma because of the effects of the trauma.

Retrograde

_________-_______________ ____________ is the tendency to recall more accurately the first and last items in a series.

Serial-position effect

____________-__________ memory can hold information for up to a minute or so after the trace of the stimulus decays.

Short-term

Moods and ______________ affect prospective memory.

attitudes

Echoes are mental representation of an _______________ stimulus that are held briefly in sensory memory.

auditory

Episodic memory is also referred to as _________________________ memory.

autobiographical

Retrieval of stored information means locating it an returning it to __________________________.

consciousness.

A(n) ________ is a mental representation of a visual stimulus that is held briefly in sensory memory.

icon

The appearance of ______ _________________ in short-term memory displaces the old information.

new information

Retroactive active is the interference of _______ ______________ with the ability to retrieve material learned previously.

new learning

Anterograde amnesia is the failure to remember the events that occurred after a _______________ ____________.

physical trauma.

The interference by old learning with the ability to retrieve material learned recently is known as ________________ _____________________.

proactive interference.

Implicit memories involve methods and skills and are also referred to as __________________ memories.

procedural

Maintenance ________________ involves mentally repeating a list or saying the information to oneself.

rehearsal

In Freud's psychodynamic theory, __________________ is the ejection of anxiety-evoking ideas from conscious awareness.

repression

Memory for past events, activities, as shown by explicit and implicit memories, fall under the category of ____________________ memory.

retrospective

the series of eye fixations that we perceive as visual sensations seem continuous, or stream like, because of ______________ _______ movement.

saccadic eye

A(n) _______________ is a way of mentally representing the world, such as a belief or an expectation, which can influence perception of persons, objects, and situations.

schema

General knowledge is referred to as _________________ memory.

semantic

The ______-____-______-_____________ phenomenon is the feeling that information is stored in memory although it cannot be readily retrieved.

tip-of-the-tongue

Sensory memory is the type or stage of memory that is first encountered by a _____________.

stimulus.

A(n) ____________ is a stimulus or group of stimuli that are perceived as a discrete piece of information.

chunk