PHY - chapter 20

What is the chemical formula for a compound that contains the aluminum ion (Al3+) and the hydroxide ion (OH-)? a. Al(OH)3 b. AlO3H3 c. AlOH3 d. None of the above

a. Al(OH)3

How does a covalent bond differ from an ionic bond? a. An ionic bond is the transfer of electrons and a covalent bond is a sharing of electrons. b. An ionic bond involves 2 electrons and a covalent bond involves 4 electrons. c. An ionic bond is usually between two metals and a covalent bond is usually between two nonmetals. d. Ionic bonds are usually found in acids and covalent bonds are usually found in bases.

a. An ionic bond is the transfer of electrons and a covalent bond is a sharing of electrons.

Which of the following bonds is primarily covalent? a. O-N b. Na-S c. O-K d. Cl-Li

a. O-N

When an atom gains or loses electrons, it has an electrical charge. It is known as: a. an ion. b. a free radical. c. a hydrate. d. a monoatomic molecule.

a. an ion.

In which type of bond do atoms share electrons? a. covalent bonds c. ionic bonds b. metallic bonds d. polyatomic bonds

a. covalent bonds

An ionic bond is a bond that forms between a. ions with opposite charges. b. atoms with neutral charges. c. one atom's nucleus and another atom's electrons. d. the electrons of two different atoms.

a. ions with opposite charges.

A positively charged ion a. is formed when an atom loses electrons. b. is called an anion. c. is usually a nonmetallic element. d. has more electrons than protons.

a. is formed when an atom loses electrons.

Each molecule of hydrochloric acid, HCl, contains one atom of hydrogen and a. one atom of chlorine. b. one atom of oxygen. c. two atoms of chlorine. d. two atoms of oxygen.

a. one atom of chlorine.

The electronegativity of an element is defined as: a. the attraction an atom has for electrons b. the attraction an atom has for the shared pair of electrons in an ionic bond. c. the amount of static electricity an element produces. d. the amount of charge one atom of an element produces.

a. the attraction an atom has for electrons

In a double bond between two atoms, the number of shared electrons is a. 2 c. 6 b. 4 d. 8

b. 4

Fe2O3 is named iron (III) oxide because it contains a. three oxygen atoms. b. Fe3+ ions. c. three iron atoms. d. O3+ ions.

b. Fe3+ ions.

Often atoms join so that each atom will have a. an even number of electrons. b. an outermost energy level that is full of electrons. c. an equal number of protons and electrons. d. more electrons than either protons or neutrons.

b. an outermost energy level that is full of electrons.

Elements in the first column of the periodic table are known as alkali metals. These elements, when ionized, have in common: a. an oxidation number of 1- b. an oxidation number of 1+ c. an oxidation number of 2- d. an oxidation number of 2+

b. an oxidation number of 1+

In an ionic bond, how does a nitrogen atom most commonly achieve an octet of electrons? a. by gaining 5 electrons b. by gaining 3 electrons c. by losing 5 electrons d. by losing 3 electrons

b. by gaining 3 electrons

The forces that hold different atoms or ions together are a. electric currents. b. chemical bonds. c. physical bonds. d. nuclear forces.

b. chemical bonds.

A carbon atom can bond to four other atoms because it has a. four different cations. b. four valence electrons. c. two inner energy levels. d. no protons in its nucleus.

b. four valence electrons.

Sodium forms an ionic bond with chlorine when sodium ____ an electron and chlorine ____ an electron. a. shares, shares b. loses, gains c. gains, loses d. loses, loses

b. loses, gains

The anion formed from an oxygen atom is called a(n) a. oxygen ion. b. oxide ion. c. carbon dioxide. d. nitrous oxide

b. oxide ion.

To use the crisscross method of writing the formula of an ionic compound, write the numerical charge of a. the cation as the subscript of the cation. b. the anion as the subscript of the cation. c. each ion as its own subscript. d. each ion as its own superscript

b. the anion as the subscript of the cation.

Which of the following is TRUE? Covalent bonding occurs: a. in salts like NaCl. b. when electrons are shared between two atoms. c. only when electrons are shared between two identical atoms. d. when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

b. when electrons are shared between two atoms.

Monatomic anions are named with the suffix a. -ate. c. -ide. b. -ite. d. -ade.

c. -ide.

When nickel combines with fluorine to form nickel (III) fluoride, the charge of the nickel ion is a. Ni1+ b. Ni2+ c. Ni3+ d. Ni4+

c. Ni3+

A chemical formula for a compound tells a lot of information about that compound. Which of the following is NOT true of a chemical formula? a. The chemical symbols for each element in the compound are given. b. The chemical formula lets you know if polyatomic ions are present in the compound. c. The element with the negative oxidation number is usually listed first. d. The chemical formula allows you to calculate the formula mass of a compound.

c. The element with the negative oxidation number is usually listed first.

When two hydrogen atoms bond, the positive nucleus of one atom attracts the a. negative nucleus of the other atom. c. negative electron of the other atom. b. positive electron of the other atom. d. positive nucleus of the other atom.

c. negative electron of the other atom.

Covalent bonds are formed between a. ions. c. nonmetal atoms. b. metal atoms. d. compounds.

c. nonmetal atoms.

. Which statement best explains why atoms form chemical bonds with other atoms? a. Most atoms are less stable when they combine with other atoms. b. When atoms collide with other atoms, they bond automatically. c. Atoms are always attracted to other atoms. d. Most atoms are unstable unless they are combined with other atoms.

d. Most atoms are unstable unless they are combined with other atoms.

All of the following atoms have an octet of electrons except a. Al3+ c. Mg2+ b. Cl- d. O-

d. O-

What is the general rule for writing the formula of a binary ionic compound? a. Use a ratio of cations to anions that gives equal numbers of each kind of ion. b. Use the charge of each ion as its subscript in the formula. c. Use the charge of each ion as the subscript for the other ion. d. Use the simplest whole number ratio of cations and anions that will give an electrically neutral compound.

d. Use the simplest whole number ratio of cations and anions that will give an electrically neutral compound.

The name for the compound with the formula Cr2O3 would be written as a. chromium(I) oxide. b. chromium(II) oxide. c. chromium oxygen. d. chromium(III) oxide.

d. chromium(III) oxide.

When a calcium atom becomes an ion, it a. gains one proton. c. loses one electron. b. gains two electrons. d. loses two electrons.

d. loses two electrons.