Physical Science CH. 20-22

In still air at constant pressure, the rate of evaporation depends on the

1. surface area of the liquid exposed to the atmosphere. 2. air and water temperature. 3. relative humidity.

Normal atmospheric pressure is enough to support a column of mercury approximately

76.0 cm high.

What is fog?

A cloud near the surface.

Name three examples of chemical weathering?

A. Oxidation B. Carbonation C. Hydration

Which of the following is not a common way for fossils to form? A. preservation of soft parts by entombment in amber. B. preservation of skeletal remains C. preservation of an organisms shape D. preservation of signs of activity

A. Preservation of soft parts in amber

Name the three ways that a glacier erodes.

A. bulldozing B. abrasion C. plucking

41. When water vapor in the atmosphere condenses onto a condensation nuclei what happens? A. a cloud forms B. dew falls to the ground C. it rains or snows D. all of these are correct

A. cloud forms

Explain why your ears pop when driving down a mountain.

Air is moving from the atmosphere into your eardrum.

What do you get on grass when the dew point is below 32 F?

Frost

Describe how warming air affects its ability to hold water vapor.

Increased capacity to hold water vapor

What happens to the temperature as you increase in altitude in the stratosphere?

Increases

Air moving down a mountain slope is often warm because...?

It is compressed as it moves to lower elevations.

Without adding or removing any water vapor, a sample of air experiencing an increase in temperature, what happens to the relative humidity?

Lower Relative Humidity

The Cenozoic is known as the Age of the...?

Mammals

Freezing water exerts pressure on the wall of a crack in a rock mass, making the crack larger. This is an example of what type of weathering?

Mechanical Weathering

What are the two basic types of weathering? Answer

Mechanical Weathering Chemical Weathering

If you were hunting dinosaur fossils, you would be examining rocks from which era?

Mesozoic

Deposits of bulldozed rocks and other materials that remain after the ice melts is called a ___________.

Moraine

The principle components of the earth's atmosphere are nitrogen, oxygen and

Argon

Where would you find the intertropical convergence zone and what causes this area to exist?

Between 10 S and 10 N, caused by intense heating at equator.

What condition means a balance between the number of water molecules moving to and from the liquid state? A. condensation B. evaporation C. saturation D. None of the above

C. Evaporation

What Era do we live in?

Cenozoic

What are the two types of glaciers?

Continental Glacier Alpine Glacier

What is this picture demonstrating?

Creep

What type of cloud is pictured?

Cumulonimbus cloud

An airplane flying at 20,000 feet is above how much of the earth's atmosphere? A. 99 % B. 90 % C. 75 % D. 50 %

D, 50 %

A decrease in the density of a column of air causes the barometric pressure to?

Decrease

What forms when a stream/river flows into an ocean or lake?

Delta

What type of drainage pattern is shown in this photo?

Dendritic Drainage Pattern

Picking up small pieces of smashed rock is called

Erosion

The process of physically removing weathered materials?

Erosion

The picture below is an example of this type of weathering?

Exfoliation

Where does a meandering stream deposit most of its sediment?

On the inside of a meander

What feature is pictured and how does it form?

Oxbow lake, when a stream meander is cut off.

Faults, folds, and igneous intrusions are always younger than the rocks they originally occur in. What principle is described?

Principle of Crosscutting relationships

The answer to the previous question was based on what principle?

Principle of Superposition

"The present is the key to the past" Name the principle that this statement is referring.

Principle of Uniformity

What kind of drainage pattern and where would you most likely find it?

Radial Drainage Pattern On a dome of igneous rock, volcano, etc..

What is the name of structure pictured and what formed it?

Roche Moutonnee formed by glaciers.

A likely source of loess is.....?

Rock flour (from glaciers)

The second youngest fossil pictured below is in which layer of rock?

Second layer from top.

What is the name of the device this man is using and what does it measure?

Sling Psychrometer, relative humidity

Hot air rising from the equatorial regions cools and descends to form

a belt of dry, high-pressure air.

A peneplain is

a nearly flat rolling plain produced by erosion.

Your ears "pop" when your plane descends because

air is moving from the outside into your eardrum.

Dissolving a rock in acid is the equivalent of

chemical weathering.

When a stream flows into a body of water it often forms a

delta.

Describe how a land breeze forms

during the night the air over land is cooler and develops a high pressure in relation to the low over the water, air moves from H to L over water.

A road cut shows layers of sedimentary rock that are uptilted. From this observation one could conclude that the rocks

have been subjected to deformational stress.

Which of the following soil components is not likely to be the result of mechanical weathering?

humus

Correlation and relative dating through the use of index fossils is limited because

index fossils are rarely found in other than sedimentary rocks.

The majority of the sun's radiation output occurs as

infrared radiation.

The red soils of Oklahoma and Georgia are due to the presence of

iron oxides

The solar radiation that does reach the earth's surface

is eventually radiated back into space. shows up as an increase in temperature. is re-radiated by the earth largely in the infrared.

Weathering involves the

mechanical and chemical breakup of rocks.

Deposits of bulldozed rocks that remain after a glacier melts are called

moraines.

Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?

oxidation

Which of the following is a common way for fossils to form?

preservation of an organism's shape preservation of signs of activity preservation of skeletal remains

Which of the following materials is least susceptible to chemical weathering?

quartz

Ventifacts are

rocks sculpted by wind abrasion

Glaciers form when

snow accumulates to form ice, which begins to flow.

The greenhouse effect results in warmer temperatures near the surface because

some of the energy that would ordinarily escape is re-radiated toward the surface.

A stream in its youth exhibits which of the following sets of characteristics?

steep gradient and a V-shaped valley

The interaction between ultraviolet light and ozone takes place in the

stratosphere.

Which cloud type is associated with long periods of drizzle, rain or snow?

stratus

The chief difference between fog and a cloud is

the altitude of the tiny water droplets.

Define dew point.

the temperature at which the relative humidity and the absolute humidity are the same

Carrying rock fragments to a new location is called

transportation.

A time break in the rock record is a(n)____________.

unconformity

Which sequence of processes occurs in the correct order?

weathering, erosi, transportation

The Rocky Mountains

were uplifted about the time the dinosaurs died out.

Name the four eras from first to most recent.

1 Precambrian 2 Paleozoic 3 Mesozoic 4 Cenozoic

Carrying rock fragments to a new location is called

Transportation

1. What type of climate would have the most rapid chemical weathering?

Tropical Climate

What layer of the atmosphere do we live in?

Troposphere

Weathering is the process that must occur before erosion can take place

True

"Shape" of valley and what carved?

V-shaped valley carved by stream