Physiology Exam 4

What is the outermost layer of the heart wall known as? a. epicardium b. pericardium c. parietal membrane d. endocardium

a. epicardium

All of the following are WBC except: a. erythrocyte b. leucocyte c. lymphocyte d. monocyte

a. erythrocyte

Which chamber of the heart has the thickest myocardium? a. left ventricle b. right ventricle c. left atrium d. right atrium

a. left ventricle

THe right ventricle is the chamber of the heart that pumps blood for the pulmonary circulation. Based on this information, blood from the right ventricle is on its way to the a. lungs b. liver c. appendages d. left ventricle

a. lungs

Does not open in the right atrium a. middle cardiac vein b. anterior cardiac vein c. superior vena cava d. coronary sinus

a. middle cardiac vein

The major element of whole blood is ______. a. plasma b. platelets c. leukocytes d. serum

a. plasma

The heart can be made to beat faster by which of the following? a. sympathetic stimulation of the SA node b. sympathetic stimulation of the AV node c. parasympathetic stimulation of the SA node d. parasympathetic stimulation of the AV node

a. sympathetic stimulation of the SA node

Why is the myocardium of the right ventricle (RV) thinner than that of the left ventricle (LV)? a. the RV pumps into the pulmonary circuit which has less resistance than the systemic circuit b. the RV pumps a smaller volume of blood than the LV c. the RV pumps blood out with a slower exit speed than the LV d. the RV chamber has more corda tendinea volume than the LV

a. the RV pumps into the pulmonary circuit which has less resistance than the systemic circuit

What supplies blood to the myocardium? a. the coronary circulation b. the vena cava c. the vasa recta d. renal artery

a. the coronary circulation

Through which valve does blood flow when it moves from the right atrium into the right ventricle? a. the tricuspid valve b. the mitral valve c. the pulmonary valve d. the bicuspid valve

a. the tricuspid valve`

A person has blood group A means he/she has a. A antigen is RBC b. A antigen in plasma c. B antigen in RBC d. B antigen in plasma

a. A antigen is RBC

Which of the following mature in the thymus gland? a. T cells b. B cells c. macrophages d. monocyte

a. T cells

What is the function of the blood platelets a. aid in coagulation of blood b. ingest bacteria c. carry hemoglobin d. transport co2

a. aid in coagulation of blood

Rank the following blood vessels in order of their average pressure, from highest to lowest: a. aorta > artery > arteriole > capillary > venule > vein b. aorta > arteriole > venule > artery > vein > capillary c. capillary > arteriole > venule > artery > vein > aorta d. capillary > vein > venule > arteriole > artery > aorta

a. aorta > artery > arteriole > capillary > venule > vein

Arteries are blood vessels that: a. carry blood away from the heart b. carry oxygenated blood c. carry blood towards the heart d. carry deoxygenated blood e. carry blood at low pressure

a. carry blood away from the heart

The heart is made up of ____ chambers. a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8

b. 4

With which blood types can a person with blood type B be safely transfused? A. A or AB B. B or O C. A or O D. B or AB

b. B or O

At the instant following the second heart sound, which heart valves are open? a. semilunar valves only b. atrioventricular valves only c. both atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves d. all valves are closed

b. atrioventricular valves only

In what way are cardiac muscles and skeletal muscles similar? a. both are highly branched b. both have striations c. both operate via autorhythmic activity d. both have intercalated disc

b. both have striations

By what name is the heart muscle known? a. epicardium b. myocardium c. pericardium d. endocardium

b. myocardium

The thickest layer in the heart is a. endocardium b. myocardium c. epicardium d. pericardium

b. myocardium

What will cause the sinoartial (SA) node to depolarize more frequently? a. acetylcholine b. norepinephrine c. parasympathetic stimulation d. vagus nerve

b. norepinephrine

What blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart? a. neither coronary artery nor pulmonary artery b. pulmonary artery only c. both coronary arteries and pulmonary arteries d. coronary arteries only

b. pulmonary artery only

Which heart valves are NOT actively closed by the contraction of muscular structures? a. mitral valves b. semilunar valves c. atrioventricular valves d. tricuspid valves

b. semilunar valves

Choose the structure known as the pacemaker of the heart from the following a. atrio-ventricular node b. sino-atrial node c. atrio-ventricular bundle d. the bundle of His

b. sino-atrial node

Which name is NOT applied to the valve between the left ventricle and the left atrium? a. atrioventricular valve b. semilunar valve c. the bicuspid valve d. the mitral valve

b. the semilunar valve

A person has blood group B means he/she has a. A antigen in RBC b. A antigen in plasma c. B antigen in RBC d. B antigen in plasma

c. B antigen in RBC

If a patient has type A blood, they could receive blood from which of the following donors? a. B b. AB c. O d. B-

c. O

Which of the following is the correct pathway for the propagation of the cardiac impulse a. AV node-Bundle of His-SA node-Purkinje fibers b. SA node-Purkinje fibers-AV node-Bundle of His c. SA node-AV node-Bundle of His-Purkinje fibers d. Purkinje fibers-AV node-SA node-Bundle of His

c. SA node-AV node-Bundle of His-Purkinje fibers

Which is correct? In its passage through the heart, blood is pumped into the a. pulmonary trunk: after leaving the left ventricle b. after leaving the left atrium c. after passing through the right AV valve d. after passing through the left AV valve

c. after passing through the right AV valve

What are lymphocytes? a. mature and proliferate in the bone marrow b. contain hemoglobin c. are involved in the body's immune system d. matures into macrophages

c. are involved in the body's immune system

The highest concentrations of lymph nodes are in the _____ areas a. GI, thoracic, inguinal b. axillary, GI tract, and thoracic c. axillary, inguinal, and mammary d. thoracic, inguinal, and mammary

c. axillary, inguinal, and mammary

The first branch of the human aorta is a. left subclavian artery b. brachiocephalic artery c. coronary artery d. left common carotid artery

c. coronary artery

In a normal ECG trace, what does a QRS wave indicate? a. depolarization of the atria b. repolarization of the atria c. depolarization of the ventricles d. repolarization of the ventricles

c. depolarization of the ventricles

The left boarder of the heart is formed by a. right ventricle b. left atrium c. left atrium and left ventricle d. left ventricle

c. left atrium and left ventricle

Some of the leukocytes have granules in their cytosol that consists of a variety of chemicals involved in defending the body. Which of the following cells typically do NOT contain granules? a. basophils b. neutrophils c. lymphocytes d. eosinophil

c. lymphocytes

The cardiac output is determined by: a. heart rate b. the volume of blood returning to the heart c. options A and B are correct d. Options A and C

c. options A and B are correct

What is the main function of the mitral valve? a. to increase the pressure inside the left atrium during systole b. to prevent a drop in pressure in the aorta during diastole c. to prevent backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole d. to add additional blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle during atrial systole

c. to prevent backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole

Which period of the heart cycle is completely occupied by the ventricles contracting? A. atrial systole B. atrial diastole C. ventricular systole D. ventricular diastole

c. ventricular systole

Which component of the cardiovascular system is involved in providing protection by acting as the body's second line of defense? a. platelets b. red blood cells c. white blood cells d. hematocrit

c. white blood cells

Which of the following three proteins are known as "plasma proteins"? a. albumin, globulin, hemoglobin b. B insulin, glucagon, hemoglobin c. fibrin, globulin, albumin d. albumin, fibrinogen, globulin

d. albumin, fibrinogen, globulin

Complete the sentence correctly. The left ventricle pumps: a. more blood than the right ventricle b. blood at a lower pressure than the right ventricle c. less blood than the right ventricle d. blood at a higher pressure than the right ventricle

d. blood at a higher pressure than the right ventricle

In the heart, valves that ensure one-way flow of blood are found: a. between the atria and the ventricles b. between the ventricles and the arteries c. between the vena cava and the atria d. options A and B

d. options A and B

The blood in the mammalian heart pumped by the right ventricle pass out of the orifice which is guarded by a. bicuspid valve b. tricuspid valve c. aortic arch d. pulmonary valve

d. pulmonary valve

The systemic circulation includes all of the following structures except one. Which is the exception? a. the aorta b. the femoral vein c. the superior vena cava d. the pulmonary vein

d. the pulmonary vein

What is the function of leukocytes? a. they transport respiratory gases like CO2 and O2 b. they transport bilirubin to the liver c. they keep us alive d. they are the first line of defense for immune response

d. they are the first line of defense for immune response

What is the primary function of red blood cells? a. they are the first line of defense for immune responses b. they transport fat to keep us alive c. they transport bilirubin to the liver d. they transport respiratory gases like CO2 and O2

d. they transport respiratory gases like CO2 and O2

By what means does an electrical signal travel from the atria to the ventricles? a. gap junctions b. purkinje fibers c. intercalated discs d. trio ventricular bundle

d. trio ventricular bundle

Which of the following statements concerning intracellular and extracellular fluids is false? a. the concentration of sodium is higher in extracellular fluid than in intracellular fluid b. the concentration of potassium is lower in extracellular fluid than in intracellular fluid c. blood plasma is an example of intracellular fluid d. what vessels carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart? e. the volume of intracellular fluid is greater than that of extracellular fluid

e. the volume of intracellular fluid is greater than that of extracellular fluid