PrepU 65

Depression

A patient has a deficiency of the neurotransmitter serotonin. The nurse is aware that this deficiency can lead to:

VIII (8).

The provider orders the Romberg test for a patient. The nurse tells the patient that the provider wants to evaluate his equilibrium by assessing which cranial nerve?

cranial nerve 12

Assessment of the movement of the tongue is

IX and X. (9+10)

Swallowing is a motor function of cranial nerves

sympathetic nervous system

When learning about the nervous system, students learn that which nervous system regulates the expenditure of energy?

The Romberg test

has to do with balance.

V (5)

A patient comes to the emergency department with severe pain in the face that was stimulated by brushing the teeth. What cranial nerve does the nurse understand can cause this type of pain?

CN I (1)

The nurse is performing an assessment of cranial nerve function and asks the patient to cover one nostril at a time to see if the patient can smell coffee, alcohol, and mint. The patient is unable to smell any of the odors. The nurse is aware that the patient has a dysfunction of which cranial nerve?

Moving the head and chin toward the chest

The nurse is performing the physical examination of a client with a suspected neurologic disorder. In addition to assessing other parts of the body, the nurse should assess for neck rigidity. Which method should help the nurse assess for neck rigidity correctly?

VIII (8)

The nurse who is employed in a neurologist's office is performing a history and assessment on a client experiencing hearing difficulty. The nurse is most correct to gather equipment to assess the function of cranial nerve:

Cranial Nerve II: Optic (2)

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Only three are sensory. Select the cranial nerve that is affected with decreased visual fields.

gag reflex

To assess a client's cranial nerve function, a nurse should assess:

ataxia is

defined as incoordination of voluntary muscle action.

optic nerve

functions in visual acuity and visual fields.

left frontoparietal region

A 53-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a chief complaint of inability to form words, and numbness and weakness of the right arm and leg. Where would you locate the site of injury?

Astereognosis (tactile agnosia)

A client has sustained a head injury to the parietal lobe and cannot identify a familiar object by touch. The nurse knows that this deficit is

hearing and equilibrium

The acoustic nerve functions in

tongue

The hypoglossal nerve functions in the movement of the

Cranial nerve XII (12)

The nurse is assessing the throat of a client with throat pain. In asking the client to stick out the tongue, the nurse is also assessing which cranial nerve?

cerebral angiography

The physician's office nurse is caring for a client who has a history of a cerebral aneurysm. Which diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate to monitor the status of the aneurysm?

eye movement

The trochlear nerve controls which function?

eye

The trochlear nerve coordinates the muscles that move the

frontal lobe

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for concentration and abstract thought?

parietal

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for spatial relationships?

serotonin

Which neurotransmitter demonstrates inhibitory action, helps control mood and sleep, and inhibits pain pathways?

Encourage the client to drink liberal amounts of fluids

A client has undergone a lumbar puncture as part of a neurological assessment. The client is put under the care of a nurse after the procedure. Which important postprocedure nursing intervention should be performed to ensure the client's maximum comfort?

thought content

A client is actively hallucinating during an assessment. The nurse would be correct in documenting the hallucination as a disturbance in

occipital.

A client is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The nurse's assessment reveals that the client has difficulty interpreting visual stimuli. Based on these findings, the nurse suspects injury to which lobe of the brain?

assess for allergies

A client is ordered to undergo CT of the brain with IV contrast. Before the test, the nurse should complete which action first?

Avoid taking sedative drugs or drinks that contain caffeine for at least 8 hours before the test.

A client is scheduled for an EEG. The client asks about any diet-related prerequisites before the EEG. Which diet-related advice should the nurse provide to the client?

convert glycogen to glucose for immediate use.

A client is waiting in a triage area to learn the medical status of family members following a motor vehicle accident. The client is pacing, taking deep breaths, and handwringing. Considering the effects in the body systems, the nurse anticipates that the liver will:

Contrast will be given and a rapid sequence of radiographs will be taken.

A client suspected of having a distortion of cerebral arteries and veins is scheduled for a cerebral angiography. What would the nurse tell the client about the upcoming test?

Head of the bed elevated 45 degrees

A nurse is caring for a client with lower back pain who is scheduled for myelography using metrizamide (a water-soluble contrast dye). After the test, the nurse should place the client in which position?

occipital

A nurse is completing a neurological assessment and determines that the client has significant visual deficits. Considering the functions of the lobes of the brain, which area will most likely contain the neurologic deficit?

VIII .(8)

A nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on the client and notes a positive Romberg test. This test for balance is related to which of the following cranial nerves?

dysfunction in the brain stem.

A nurse observes that decerebrate posturing is a comatose client's response to painful stimuli. Decerebrate posturing as a response to pain indicates:

"I am trying to quit smoking and have a patch on."

A patient arrives to have an MRI done in the outpatient department. What information provided by the patient warrants further assessment to prevent complications related to the MRI?

coffee

A patient is scheduled for an electroencephalogram (EEG) in the morning. What food on the patient's tray should the nurse remove prior to the test?

Hypothalamus

Which of the following areas of the brain are responsible for temperature regulation?

facial

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for salivation, tearing, taste, and sensation in the ear?

Acetylcholine

Which of the following neurotransmitters are deficient in myasthenia gravis?

ataxia

Which term refers to the inability to coordinate muscle movements, resulting difficulty walking?

Dysfunction of the vagus nerve

A patient is being tested for a gag reflex. When the nurse places the tongue blade to the back of the throat, there is no response elicited. What dysfunction does the nurse determine the patient has?

Cerabellum

A patient recently noted difficulty maintaining his balance and controlling fine movements. The nurse explains that the provider will order diagnostic studies for the part of his brain known as the:

cranial nerves IX and X. 9+10

During recovery from a stroke, a client is given nothing by mouth to help prevent aspiration. To determine when the client is ready for a liquid diet, the nurse assesses the client's swallowing ability once per shift. This assessment evaluates:

decreased muscle tone.

If a client has a lower motor neuron lesion, the nurse would expect the client to exhibit

chewing

The motor function of cranial nerve V (5) is

12

The spinal cord is composed of 31 pairs of spinal nerves. How many pairs of thoracic nerves are contained within the spinal column?

dilated pupils

Which is a sympathetic effect of the nervous system?

cranial nerve 11

is the spinal or accessory nerve responsible for head and shoulder and shoulder movement.

frontal

A patient sustained a head injury during a fall and has changes in personality and affect. What part of the brain does the nurse recognize has been affected in this injury?

flaccid muscles

Lower motor neuron lesions cause

1+

The nurse is caring for a patient who was involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustained a head injury. When assessing deep tendon reflexes (DTR), the nurse observes diminished or hypoactive reflexes. How will the nurse document this finding?

Acoustic (VIII)

The nurse is completing a neurological assessment and uses the whisper test to assess which cranial nerve?

astereognosis

is the inability to identify an object by touch.

In the Romberg test,

the client stands erect with the feet close together and eyes closed. If the client sways as if to fall, it is considered a positive Romberg test. All of the other options include components of neurologic tests, indicating neurologic deficits and balance.

12 (XII)

A nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a client. The nurse observes the client's tongue for symmetry, tremors, and strength, and assesses the client's speech. Which cranial nerve is the nurse assessing?

who is the president of USA today

The nurse is assessing the client's mental status . Which question will the nurse include in the assessment?

The motor functions of cranial nerve III (3)

include extraocular eye movement, eyelid elevation, and pupil constriction.

visual agnosia

is the loss of ability to recognize objects through visualizing them.

cranial nerve 1

is the olfactory nerve

cranial nerve 5

is the trigeminal nerve responsible for sensation to the face and chewing.

Withhold anticonvulsant medications for 24 to 48 hours before the exam

A client is scheduled for standard EEG testing to evaluate a possible seizure disorder. Which nursing intervention should the nurse perform before the procedure?

CN II (2)

The nurse obtains a Snellen eye chart when assessing cranial nerve function. Which cranial nerve is the nurse testing when using the chart?

close his or her eyes and stand erect.

A nurse is working in a neurologist's office. The physician orders a Romberg test. The nurse should have the client:

decreased muscle tone

If a client has a lower motor neuron lesion, the nurse would expect to observe which manifestation upon physical assessment?

medula oblongata

A nurse is noting from a client's neurologic assessment findings that the client's motor impulses are interrupted from the brain to the spinal cord. It also appears that the client lacks sensory impulses from the peripheral sensory neurons to the brain. Which area has the deficit?

8

A nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on the client and notes a positive Romberg test. This test for balance is related to which of the following cranial nerves?

Broca's area

A patient has been diagnosed with damage to Broca's area of the left frontal lobe. To document the extent of damage, the nurse would assess the patient's:

eye movement.

Cranial nerve VI (6) controls lateral

turning the client's head suddenly while holding the eyelids open.

A client who was found unconscious at home is brought to the hospital by a rescue squad. In the intensive care unit, the nurse checks the client's oculocephalic (doll's eye) response by:

Inform the client that he will not experience any electrical shock.

A male client is scheduled for an electroencephalogram (EEG). When the nurse caring for the client is preparing him for the test, the client states that during childhood he was mildly electrocuted but miraculously lived. Therefore, he is quite afraid of going through an EEG. In what ways can the nurse help dispel the client's fear regarding the test?

"The blood will seal the hole in the dura and prevent further loss of cerebral spinal fluid."

A nurse and nursing student are caring for a client recovering from a lumbar puncture yesterday. The client reports a headache despite being on bedrest overnight. The physician plans an epidural blood patch this morning. The student asks how this will help the headache. The correct reply from the nurse is which of the following?

"It can mean a traumatic puncture or a subarachnoid bleed."

A nurse is discussing a lumbar puncture with a nursing student who observed the procedure. The student noticed that the cerebrospinal fluid was blood tinged and asks what that means. The correct reply is which of the following?

cranial nerve 12 (XII)

The nurse is assessing the throat of a client with throat pain. In asking the client to stick out the tongue, the nurse is also assessing which cranial nerve?

4th ventricle

Which anatomic part supplies cerebrospinal fluid to the subarachnoid space and down the spinal cord on the dorsal surface?

Oculomotor (3)

Which cranial nerve is responsible for muscles that move the eye and lids?

Enkephalin

Which neurotransmitter inhibits pain transmission?

clonus

Which occurs when reflexes are hyperactive when the foot is abruptly dorsiflexed?

comatose

The critical care nurse is giving end-of-shift report on a client she is caring for. The nurse uses the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) to assess the level of consciousness (LOC) of a female client and reports to the oncoming nurse that the client has an LOC of 6. What does an LOC score of 6 in a client indicate?

Helicopod

A client in the emergency department has a suspected neurologic disorder. To assess gait, the nurse asks the client to take a few steps; with each step, the client's feet make a half circle. To document the client's gait, the nurse should use which term?