Sports Med Final Review

How much space should there be between the longest toe and the end of the shoe?

1/2 - 3/4 inch

What is the difference between sports performance and sports medicine?

Sports medicine talks about the injury prevention and Rehabilitation aspect while sports performance talks about the health of the athlete aspect like psychology and nutrition

•A person who is physically and emotionally exhausted also showing negative concept of self and their sport who may also be experiencing depression and or chronic fatigue is likely to have a diagnosis of: Overtraining / Staleness / Burnout (choose one)

Burnout

True or False: Non=contact is more common than contact in ACL sprain

True

True or False: someone with limited flexibility would benefit from passive motion/static movement

True

•Foot condition in which the great toe progressively moves laterally and at times overlaps the second toe. It also is associated with the development of bunions.

hallux valgus deformity

__________ankle sprains involve damage to the distal tib-tib ligaments and syndesmosis

high/syndesmotic

Which part of the shoe determines how much shock absorption or motion control a shoe has?

midsole

a sprain involves

•Partial tearing/ rupture of ligament fibers (tissue)

•Which muscle/tendon is involved when a person is suffering from jumper's knee?

•Quadricep/ patella tendon

•The 3 reactive phases to the injury process are: reaction to injury, _________________ , reaction to return to play or termination of career

•Reaction to rehabilitation

Athletes under stress emotionally are more prone to injury than those who are adjusted emotionally because:

•Skill and coordination could be compromised.

a strain involves

•Stretch, partial or complete rupture of a muscle fibers or tendon (tissue)

•What is the combination of forces that are the most common mechanism of injury for the meniscus?

•Weight bearing rotation with flexing or extending

•Staleness is associated with decreased performance, chronic fatigue and sleep disturbances all of which are primarily attributed to the primary / most common experience of : _______

•anxiety

•Condition caused by compression of the median nerve as it crosses the wrist into the hand. Commonly causes pain, possible motor dysfunction and often changes in sensation over the lateral hand (thumb, 1st and part of 2nd fingers)

•carpal tunnel

•Fractures to this bone most commonly occur in the middle 1/3 and are typically due to FOOSH mechanism of injury.

•clavicle fracture

•Critically important to check following forearm fracture or elbow dislocation:

•distal pulse/ circulation

•True or False? Without distal stability, core movers will not be able to function optimally.

•false - without proximal core stability, distal movers will not be able to function optimally

•Following a deep thigh contusion, the leg should be put into a __________ position to prevent loss of range of motion and control pain initially.

•flexed (with ice and compression)

•Condition that involves running with jumping/twisting and results in pain with adduction along with weakness of adductor muscles.

•groin strain

•A hallmark or key sign of fracture of this bone is the degree of pain as well as an inability to move the arm.

•humerus fracture

•Repeated forceful extension of the wrist as seen in a tennis backhand that causes pain over the lateral elbow and pain with wrist extension while the elbow is fully extended.

•lateral epicondylitis

•Repeated forceful flexion of the wrist leading to a chronic injury that causes pain over the medial elbow and is common in golfers and pitchers.

•medial epicondylitis

•Foot condition that is typically chronic onset, causes pain on the anterior medial heel and often described as most painful with the first steps after sleeping or period of non weight bearing.

•plantar fasciitis

•Direction most common for elbow dislocations.

•posterior

What is the purpose of a dynamic warmup

•prepares the muscle and joints in an activity specific manner - better than static stretching •Includes all major muscles groups necessary for sports activity

•Condition that is strongly associated with drastic changes in training load, intensity or volume, has a slow/chronic onset and leads to pain both during and after activity. Commonly occurs in the 2nd and or3rd metatarsals.

•stress fracture

•Hamstrings _____ the knee joint and _______ the hip •Quadriceps ______ the knee joint and ______ the hip

-flex and extend -extend and flex

•A mechanism of injury with enough force to push the tibia in a forward or anterior direction as with landing from a jump or deceleration is likely to injure which ligament?

ACL ligament

What protects you from going into eversion

Fibula and medial ligament

•An injury that occurs from force applied to the medial knee pushing it laterally is likely to injure which ligament?

LCL ligament

•A mechanism of injury that occurs when a force is applied to the lateral knee pushing it medially is most likely to injure which ligament?

MCL ligament

•A person falls directly onto their knee with their foot plantarflexed, which ligament is at risk of injury?

PCL ligament

•Condition that occurs due to a sudden and forceful ankle plantarflexion contraction most commonly seen in athletes over 30 years old.

achilles tendon rupture

Injury commonly known as a shoulder separation

acromioclavicular sprain

static stretching is best performed ____________ to increase or lengthen muscle/tendon tissue

after the activity takes place

condition characterized by a progressive development of: pain, lack of pulse, pallor, paresthesia and paralysis.

compartment syndrome

What are 3 primary reasons for using taping or wrapping techniques in sports medicine?

compression, prophylactic- prevention, stability

Which type of helmet is designed for one significant impact and should then be replaced or reconditioned?

cycling helmet

Elastic Wraps should be applied with more compression/pressure __________ and less

distal/proximal

Due to the shoulder's great degree of mobility, the rotator cuff muscles provide _______________ to maintain proper positioning of the scapula and humerus

dynamic stability

___________ankle sprains involve damage to the medial ligaments

eversion

•Hip __________ is assessed by determining how much a muscle group can stretch without resistance. Hip ________is assessed by determining how much active control a patient has throughout an entire range of motion.

flexibility and mobility

•Condition that involves an abnormal growth of the toenail, can be caused by improperly fitted shoes (too small) and has a high risk of developing infection.

ingrown toenail

What do they have in common when it comes to working with athletes?

injury prevention

____________ ankle sprains involve damage to the lateral ligaments

inversion

•What condition is a higher risk with repeated contusions in soft tissue?

myositis ossificans

static flexibility = dynamic flexibility =

passive and active

When an ankle tape is applied "prophylactically" that means it is applied to __________________________ injury.

prevent

core stability provides ________________ for efficiency in both lower and upper extremity power movements

proximal stability

•Mind's attempt to teach the body conscious control of a specific movement​; that Controls muscles and joints to produce coordinated movement is which rehabilitation goal?

re establishing neuromuscular control

•It is imperative to recognize and appropriately manage shin splints (MTSS) to prevent the condition from progressing to:

stress fracture

•Stress fractures are most likely to occur in which type of bones?

weight bearing bones like the leg or foot

orthotic

•Device for correcting biomechanical problems that exist in the foot that can potentially cause an injury​

•Most common acute mechanism of injury for injuries to elbow wrist and hand (and many shoulder injuries as well)

•Fall on outstretch hand (FOOSH)

•True or False? Use if heat should be started after 24 hours of applying ice to any injury.

•False- this is completely dependent upon the presence of inflammation ( 24-72 hours for heat)

•Dislocations should always be considered and treated as a possible:

•Fracture ( more damage 1st time)

•Injury caused by the arm being forced into extension while in an abducted and externally rotated position.

•Glenohumeral dislocation - dislocation

•Condition that could occur from overuse / repetitive movements that cause degeneration or from an acute injury. Patients will typically describe feeling catching / locking or a "clicking" sensation with hip movement in addition to pain.

•Labral tear of the hip

•The patella is most likely to dislocate in the ___________ direction.

•Lateral (direction)

long term vs short term goal

•Long term goal is what needs to be restored before safe return to full activity Short term: reduce swelling, reduce pain, increase ROM)