Test 3 review
coagulate
thicken; congeal; clot
Which of the following medications dissolves an existing clot?
thrombolytic
leukemia
Cancer of WBC-forming bone marrow
autoimmune disease
Disease resulting from the body's immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens
Know the layers of the heart and what purpose they serve
Endocardium- inner layer of the heart and reduce friction of blood Myocardium- thick middle layer, contraction of muscle to pump blood Epicardium- outer layer protective layer
septicemia
Having bacteria in blood system
urticaria
Hives, skin eruption of pale reddish wheal (circular elevations of skin) with severe itching
Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Immune function, indicates inflammation and tissue destruction
The fluid of the lymphatic system is called the
Lymph
What does a sphygmomanometer do?
Measures blood pressure
What are the differences between the different types of anemia we covered?
Sickle cell anemia, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, hypo-chromic anemia, iron-deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia
What is contained in red blood cells? What does it do?
The blood cells that carry oxygen. Red cells contain hemoglobin and it is the hemoglobin which permits them to transport oxygen (and carbon dioxide).
Know where the four valves of the heart are located.
The mitral valve and tricuspid valve, which control blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The aortic valve and pulmonary valve, which control blood flow out of the ventricles.
What is the lymph?
a colorless fluid containing white blood cells, that bathes the tissues and drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream
bradycardia
abnormally slow heartbeat
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Which of the following is NOT an example of acquired immunity?
antibodies crossing the placenta from the baby to the mother
Which surgical procedure would be used to join together two arteries?
arterial anastomosis
The large, thick-walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are the
arteries
differential diagnosis
attempts to determine which one of several diseases may be producing the symptoms
The lymph nodes located in the underarm region are termed
axillary
The mitral valve is also called the ________ valve.
bicuspid
BP
blood pressure
cardiac enzymes panel
blood test to determine the amount of heart damage
The complete stopping of heart activity is called:
cardiac arrest
angina
chest pain
CBC
complete blood count
In which condition is the heart muscle too weak to pump efficiently?
congestive heart failure
open heart surgery to create a shunt around a blocked vessel
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).
The term ischemia is defined as
deficiency in blood supply an abnormal heart sound
ELISA test
detects anti-HIV antibodies; Western blot given as follow-up Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Monospot test
detects heterophile antibodies in infectious mononucleosis
The lining of the heart is called the:
endocardium
stress test
evaluate heart fitness by having the patient exercise on a treadmill
Which of the following is a pathogen?
foreign material bacteria viruses
myocardial infarction.
heart attack
Which of the following is not a type of leukocyte?
hemocyte
Hgb
hemoglobin
Which type of anemia results from the excessive loss of erythrocytes?
hemolytic anemia
hypertension
high blood pressure
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
coronary artery disease.
insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle due to obstruction of the coronary artery
auscultation
listening to sounds within the body by using stethoscope
pro-time or PT
measures how quickly your blood clots
MI
myocardial infarction (heart attack)
Which layer of the heart is responsible for contracting in order to pump blood?
myocardium
Which of the following substances is not transported by plasma?
oxygen
angina pectoris
pain around the heart
cardiac catheterization (cath)
passing a thin tube through a blood vessel into the heart to detect abnormalities
inflating a balloon catheter to dilate a narrow vessel
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
The surge of blood felt in an artery caused by contraction of the heart is the
pulse
electrocardiogram (EKG)
record of the heart's electrical activity
Blood cells are produced in the:
red bone marrow
Which of the following terms means to flow backward?
regurgitation
Which of the following is also known as the pacemaker of the heart?
sinoatrial node
Which circulation loop carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the cells of the body?
systemic circulation
Know what the number in a blood pressure reading indicates
systolic pressure-The highest number in a blood pressure reading as a result of ventricular contraction/systole. diastolic pressure- The lowest number in a blood pressure reading as a result of ventricular relaxation/diastole
What is the differences between the atria and ventricles.
Atria- two upper chamber of heart, left receives blood returning from lungs right receives blood returning from body Ventricle-two lower chambers that pumps blood out. Left pumps blood to body and right pumps blood to lungs
A(n) ________ transfusion consists of blood stored from the patient's own body.
Autologous
What are the two types of blood transfusions we talked about? How are they different?
Autologous transfusion- procedure for collecting and storing a patients own blood several weeks prior to the actual need. Used to replace blood during surgery Homologous transfusion- replacement of blood by transfusion of blood received from another person
What is mono?
Often called mono or kissing disease, an infection with the Epstein-Barr virus.
What is the difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation?
Pulmonary circulation: Pulmonary circulation only occurs between the heart and the lungs Systemic circulation: Systemic circulation occurs between the heart and the entire body.
Know the parts of the blood and what they are responsible for
RBC-carries oxygen and waste WBC-protection against pathogens
What is the difference between an embolus and a clot?
Thrombus/blood clot: a blood clot forming within a blood vessel may partially or completely occlude the blood vessel Embolus: the obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus somewhere else in the body and traveled to the point of obstruction
Which of the following is most active in childhood/adolescence?
Thymus
Which blood type is called the universal donor?
Type O
Which of the following statements is the most important standard precaution?
Wash your hands.