Test 3 review

coagulate

thicken; congeal; clot

Which of the following medications dissolves an existing clot?

thrombolytic

leukemia

Cancer of WBC-forming bone marrow

autoimmune disease

Disease resulting from the body's immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens

Know the layers of the heart and what purpose they serve

Endocardium- inner layer of the heart and reduce friction of blood Myocardium- thick middle layer, contraction of muscle to pump blood Epicardium- outer layer protective layer

septicemia

Having bacteria in blood system

urticaria

Hives, skin eruption of pale reddish wheal (circular elevations of skin) with severe itching

Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

Immune function, indicates inflammation and tissue destruction

The fluid of the lymphatic system is called the

Lymph

What does a sphygmomanometer do?

Measures blood pressure

What are the differences between the different types of anemia we covered?

Sickle cell anemia, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, hypo-chromic anemia, iron-deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia

What is contained in red blood cells? What does it do?

The blood cells that carry oxygen. Red cells contain hemoglobin and it is the hemoglobin which permits them to transport oxygen (and carbon dioxide).

Know where the four valves of the heart are located.

The mitral valve and tricuspid valve, which control blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The aortic valve and pulmonary valve, which control blood flow out of the ventricles.

What is the lymph?

a colorless fluid containing white blood cells, that bathes the tissues and drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream

bradycardia

abnormally slow heartbeat

AIDS

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Which of the following is NOT an example of acquired immunity?

antibodies crossing the placenta from the baby to the mother

Which surgical procedure would be used to join together two arteries?

arterial anastomosis

The large, thick-walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are the

arteries

differential diagnosis

attempts to determine which one of several diseases may be producing the symptoms

The lymph nodes located in the underarm region are termed

axillary

The mitral valve is also called the ________ valve.

bicuspid

BP

blood pressure

cardiac enzymes panel

blood test to determine the amount of heart damage

The complete stopping of heart activity is called:

cardiac arrest

angina

chest pain

CBC

complete blood count

In which condition is the heart muscle too weak to pump efficiently?

congestive heart failure

open heart surgery to create a shunt around a blocked vessel

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).

The term ischemia is defined as

deficiency in blood supply an abnormal heart sound

ELISA test

detects anti-HIV antibodies; Western blot given as follow-up Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Monospot test

detects heterophile antibodies in infectious mononucleosis

The lining of the heart is called the:

endocardium

stress test

evaluate heart fitness by having the patient exercise on a treadmill

Which of the following is a pathogen?

foreign material bacteria viruses

myocardial infarction.

heart attack

Which of the following is not a type of leukocyte?

hemocyte

Hgb

hemoglobin

Which type of anemia results from the excessive loss of erythrocytes?

hemolytic anemia

hypertension

high blood pressure

HIV

human immunodeficiency virus

coronary artery disease.

insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle due to obstruction of the coronary artery

auscultation

listening to sounds within the body by using stethoscope

pro-time or PT

measures how quickly your blood clots

MI

myocardial infarction (heart attack)

Which layer of the heart is responsible for contracting in order to pump blood?

myocardium

Which of the following substances is not transported by plasma?

oxygen

angina pectoris

pain around the heart

cardiac catheterization (cath)

passing a thin tube through a blood vessel into the heart to detect abnormalities

inflating a balloon catheter to dilate a narrow vessel

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)

The surge of blood felt in an artery caused by contraction of the heart is the

pulse

electrocardiogram (EKG)

record of the heart's electrical activity

Blood cells are produced in the:

red bone marrow

Which of the following terms means to flow backward?

regurgitation

Which of the following is also known as the pacemaker of the heart?

sinoatrial node

Which circulation loop carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the cells of the body?

systemic circulation

Know what the number in a blood pressure reading indicates

systolic pressure-The highest number in a blood pressure reading as a result of ventricular contraction/systole. diastolic pressure- The lowest number in a blood pressure reading as a result of ventricular relaxation/diastole

What is the differences between the atria and ventricles.

Atria- two upper chamber of heart, left receives blood returning from lungs right receives blood returning from body Ventricle-two lower chambers that pumps blood out. Left pumps blood to body and right pumps blood to lungs

A(n) ________ transfusion consists of blood stored from the patient's own body.

Autologous

What are the two types of blood transfusions we talked about? How are they different?

Autologous transfusion- procedure for collecting and storing a patients own blood several weeks prior to the actual need. Used to replace blood during surgery Homologous transfusion- replacement of blood by transfusion of blood received from another person

What is mono?

Often called mono or kissing disease, an infection with the Epstein-Barr virus.

What is the difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation?

Pulmonary circulation: Pulmonary circulation only occurs between the heart and the lungs Systemic circulation: Systemic circulation occurs between the heart and the entire body.

Know the parts of the blood and what they are responsible for

RBC-carries oxygen and waste WBC-protection against pathogens

What is the difference between an embolus and a clot?

Thrombus/blood clot: a blood clot forming within a blood vessel may partially or completely occlude the blood vessel Embolus: the obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus somewhere else in the body and traveled to the point of obstruction

Which of the following is most active in childhood/adolescence?

Thymus

Which blood type is called the universal donor?

Type O

Which of the following statements is the most important standard precaution?

Wash your hands.