U.S. History Module 1

In colonial Massachusetts, what was the official religion? a. Quaker, b. Congregationalism, c.Presbyterianism, d. The Church of England (Anglicanism)

b. Congregationalism

Henry VII a. France, b. England, c. Portugal, d. Spain

b. England

Which of the following is true regarding the traditional study of early American history? a. It has been the same for several decades, so it must be correct, b. It is often understood from a European perspective, c. It is often begun with the first English settlements, d. Relations between Native Americans and Europeans are often portrayed as being solely negative, e. There is nothing new left to learn about this era of history

b. It is often understood from a European perspective, c. It is often begun with the first English settlements, d. Relations between Native Americans and Europeans are often portrayed as being solely negative

In Geneva, ____ ______ expanded Luther's theology and established a theocracy. a. Henry VII, b. John Calvin, c. John Locke, d. Voltaire

b. John Calvin

Under which monarch did the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay leave England? a. King James I, b. King Charles I, c. Queen Mary, d. Queen Elizabeth I

b. King Charles I

Who is credited with starting the Protestant Reformation? a. Henry VII, b. Martin Luther, c. Louis XI, d. John Calvin

b. Martin Luther

Hernando Cortez a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

b. Mexico

The Portuguese designed ships that allowed explorers to travel the open ocean was called ... a. a Schooner, b. a Caravel, c. a ship of the line, d. a Carrack

b. a Caravel

How many of the Plymouth colonists died during the first winter? a. almost two-thirds, b. nearly one-half, c. almost three-fourths, d. nearly one-fourth

b. nearly one-half

The winter of 1609-1610 in Jamestown is known as ... a. the End of Days, b. the Bountiful Harvest, c. the Time of War, d. The Starving Time

d. The Starving Time

Pueblo Tribes

Cliff dwellers who built and lived in adobe homes

Eastern Woodland Tribes

Farmers and hunters who lived in large groups in permanent housing; lived in permanent housing and grew the "Three Sisters"

Bering Straight Hypothesis

A land bridge between Asia and North America allowed for early settlement

Inuit

Live in a harsh, Arctic environment

Why did relations between Europeans and Native Americans became more tense after initial settlement?

Relations between Europeans and Native Americans became more tense after initial settlement because both groups thought that the other would transfer to their own way of living. Neither could figure out how to live with two very distinct cultures, and this caused the two people groups to clash later on.

Intermountain Tribes

Small, nomadic tribes due to harsh mountain climate

Pacific Ocean Hypothesis

Some native peoples may have crossed the Pacific Ocean and reached America

What kinds of issues did England face in the 1580s? [name at least three]

The issues England had to face in the 1580s consisted of navigating political issues with France and Spain, being separated from the rest of Europe because of geographical and religious differences, and being generally weak and behind other European countries in claiming land in the New World.

Kwakiutl

Used wood to make their clothes, homes, and boats

Lakota Tribes

Were dependent on buffalo for most essentials

What did Winthrop mean when he said he wanted the Massachusetts Bay Colony to be a "City on a Hill?"

Withrop meant that he wanted the Massachusetts Bay Colony to be an example of how to live a life of godliness while in a world full of evil, and for the colony to be built on Christian principles as part of their government.

Who was tried and banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the Antinomian Controversy? a. Anne Hutchinson, b. Roger Williams, c. John Cotton, d. Mary Dyer

a. Anne Hutchinson

Pedro Alvarez Cabral a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

a. Brazil

Louis XI a. France, b. England, c. Portugal, d. Spain

a. France

Who wrote that it was "better that ten suspected witches should escape than one innocent person should be condemned"? a. Increase Mather, b. John Cotton, c. William Bradford, d. William Berkeley

a. Increase Mather

Which of the following statements are true of The Church of England? a. It was founded by Henry VII so that he could divorce his wife and be free to remarry, b. While it was officially Protestant, it still maintained many of the rites and rituals of Catholicism, c. It was directly under the authority of the Bishop of Rome, d. The Church of England was the official name given to the Catholic Church's diocese in England

a. It was founded by Henry VII so that he could divorce his wife and be free to remarry, b. While it was officially Protestant, it still maintained many of the rites and rituals of Catholicism

Which of the following is true about Maryland's early government? a. Lord Baltimore rejected most laws passed by the assembly, b. Lord Baltimore gave the governor and the "Lords of the Manor" full legislative authority, c. Lord Baltimore left England to settle governmental problems in Maryland, d. They first met in 1635, e. Lord Baltimore initially had little understanding that the settlers wanted to govern themselves

a. Lord Baltimore rejected most laws passed by the assembly, d. They first met in 1635, e. Lord Baltimore initially had little understanding that the settlers wanted to govern themselves

Maryland colonists who purchased at least 1000 acres from Lord Baltimore were known as ... a. Lords of the Manor, b. Dukes of the Land, c. Knights of the Realm, d. Barons of America

a. Lords of the Manor

Which of the following is NOT true about slavery in the early colonial period? a. Most landowners owned large numbers of slaves, b. Slaves on smaller farms and plantations worked and lived very closely with their masters, c. Some slaves were able to become landowners and purchase their own slaves, d. Some slaves were able to earn enough money to purchase their own freedom

a. Most landowners owned large numbers of slaves

From the "Background to Columbus" video, what Portuguese ruler led the way in the exploration and establishment of colonies on the West African coast? a. Prince Henry "The Navigator", b. Francisco Pizarro, c. Pedro Alvarez Cabral, d. Francisco de Coronado

a. Prince Henry "The Navigator"

Who funded England's first attempt at colonization? a. Private citizens, b. Queen Elizabeth I, c. Parliament, d. Foreign investors

a. Private citizens

What was the issue English monarchs had with the Puritans? a. Puritan teachings threatened the authority of the Church of England and the monarch, b. the Puritans taught that the only God was King, c. the Stuart monarchs were Catholic, not Protestant as the Tudors had been, d. the Puritans were Catholics

a. Puritan teachings threatened the authority of the Church of England and the monarch

Which treaty settled the territorial dispute between Spain and Portugal? a. The Treaty of Tordesillas, b. The Treaty of Rome, c. Vatican I, d. The Treaty of Alcáçovas

a. The Treaty of Tordesillas

In New England, how were farms inherited? a. They were divided equally among siblings, b. They were inherited by the oldest son, c. They were divided among the sons, d. They were given to the oldest living male relative

a. They were divided equally among siblings

Where were the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower supposed to land and settle? a. at the northernmost reaches of the Virginia Company's land grant, b. in Maine, c. near Jamestown, d. at the mouth of the Potomac River

a. at the northernmost reaches of the Virginia Company's land grant

In the 1580s, England was ... a. constantly navigating political issues with France and Spain, b. the most powerful nation on earth, c. a Catholic nation, d. an island nation, separated from Europe politically and religiously

a. constantly navigating political issues with France and Spain, d. an island nation, separated from Europe politically and religiously

What factors "pushed" and "pulled" the Puritans to Massachusetts Bay? a. economic crisis, b. missions, c. religious persecution, d. the desire to start a new nation, e. trade restrictions, f. disease

a. economic crisis, b. missions, c. religious persecution, f. disease

John Smith ... a. established order in Jamestown, b. was royal governor of Virginia, c. died in Jamestown, d. married Pocahontas

a. established order in Jamestown

Which of the following can be attributed to Jacques Cartier? a. exploration of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, b. establishment of Ft. Caroline, c. exploration of the Mississippi River, d. exploration of Narragansett Bay, e. exploration of the St. Lawrence River

a. exploration of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, e. exploration of the St. Lawrence River

What social and governmental system did Lord Baltimore's charter for Maryland resemble? a. feudalism, b. capitalism, c. republicanism, d. despotism

a. feudalism

What was Columbus' goal when he set sail across the Atlantic? a. he wanted to find a trade route to the east, b. to prove the world was round, c. to escape religious persecution, d. to find a source of slaves

a. he wanted to find a trade route to the east

Under Elizabeth I, Puritan exiles ... a. returned to England, b. were happy with the religious settlement granting religious toleration, c. hoped for reform of the Church of England, d. were afraid to return to Catholic England, e. settled the Plymouth Colony

a. returned to England, c. hoped for reform of the Church of England

Which of the following is NOT true about Europe? a. scholars understood what and where the land across the Atlantic was, b. political turmoil distracted the wealthy from pursuing overseas exploration, c. nautical technology prevented distant exploration, d. scholars knew the world was round

a. scholars understood what and where the land across the Atlantic was

What event changed the balance of power from the Native Americans to the colonists? a. the Pequot War, b. Bacon's Rebellion, c. the English Civil War, d. King Philip's War

a. the Pequot War

What European event prevented John White from returning to Roanoke Island for almost two years? a. the attack of the Spanish Armada, b. the Act of Supremacy, c. the French Revolution, d. the death of Elizabeth I

a. the attack of the Spanish Armada

Under Ferdinand and Isabella's rule ... a. the unified kingdom of Spain was controlled by a Christian monarchy for the first time in centuries, b. the Muslims overtook Lisbon and Barcelona, causing the start of the Thirty Years' War, c. Jews and Muslims were allowed to worship freely throughout the country without persecution, d. the Huguenots were persecuted and driven from the Iberian Peninsula

a. the unified kingdom of Spain was controlled by a Christian monarchy for the first time in centuries

What were the goals for the earliest English colonization efforts? a. to evangelize the natives, b. to provide access to New World natural resources, c. to escape English rule, d. to find religious freedom, e. to gain heavenly rewards, f. to provide a base for privateers

a. to evangelize the natives, b. to provide access to New World natural resources, f. to provide a base for privateers

What crop was vital to Maryland's economy? a. tobacco, b. rice, c. wheat, d. cotton

a. tobacco

In the 16th and 17th centuries, ... a. the role of religion in Europe became less important, b. religious persecution drove religious groups to look for a place of sanctuary, c. England fluctuated between Protestantism and Catholicism, d. The Catholic Church declared war on France, e. France became a Protestant nation, f. most of Europe experienced some kind of religious conflict

b. religious persecution drove religious groups to look for a place of sanctuary, c. England fluctuated between Protestantism and Catholicism, f. most of Europe experienced some kind of religious conflict

What was the one guarantee of the Maryland charter? a. right to vote, b. rights as Englishmen, c. freedom of religion, d. freedom of speech

b. rights as Englishmen

Which two groups dominated eastern trade in the 1400s? a. the Mongols, b. the Venetians, c. the Ottomans, d. the French, e. the Spanish, f. the English

b. the Venetians, c. the Ottomans

What was the result of Pocahontas' marriage to John Rolfe? a. increasing intermarriage between English and Native Americans, b. the end of the Anglo-Powhatan War, c. the integration of Indian and English society, d. war between the natives and the Jamestown settlers

b. the end of the Anglo-Powhatan War

Native Americans primarily experienced European influence through ... a. military conquest, b. trade of material goods, c. oral history, d. written communication

b. trade of material goods

Native Americans should be understood as ... a. An interesting side note to American history, b. A hostile force that needed to be conquered, c. An important part of understanding the development of colonial America, d. The victims of the criminal actions founded in European greed

c. An important part of understanding the development of colonial America

What was the purpose for founding Maryland? a. As a trading post, b. As a haven for all religious dissenters, c. As a haven for persecuted Catholics, d. As a buffer zone between Anglican Virginia and a Puritan Massachusetts

c. As a haven for persecuted Catholics

America's first rebellion was ... a. the Pequot War, b. King Philip's War, c. Bacon's Rebellion, d. the Anglo-Powhatan War

c. Bacon's Rebellion

What archaeological site provides some of the oldest evidence of human settlement in North America? a. Cusco, b. Tenochtitlan, c. Cactus Hill, d. Cahokia

c. Cactus Hill

French Huguenots attempted to settle on the Florida peninsula at ... a. Fort Augustine, b. Jamestown, c. Fort Caroline, d. Roanoke Island

c. Fort Caroline

Exploration in the name of France was first undertaken by ... a. Rene Laudonniere, b. Jacques Cartier, c. Giovanni da Varranzano, d. Henry Hudson

c. Giovanni da Varranzano

Under which Virginia governor were the Quakers and Puritans ejected from the colony? a. Governor John Rolfe, b. Governor John Carver, c. Governor William Berkeley, d. Governor William Bradford

c. Governor William Berkeley

The French explorer, _______ _______, explored the St. Lawrence River beginning in 1534. a. Samuel de Champlain, b. Louis Bonaparte, c. Jacques Cartier, d. Jacques Rousseau

c. Jacques Cartier

Francisco Pizarro a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

c. Peru

John II/Manuel I a. France, b. England, c. Portugal, d. Spain

c. Portugal

What text sparked Europeans to explore the Atlantic? a. The Iliad and the Odyssey, b. Guttenberg's Bible, c. Ptolemy's Geographia, d. Columbus' letters

c. Ptolemy's Geographia

In 1584, Queen Elizabeth I granted a monopoly for settlement in America to ... a. Sir Henry Morgan, b. John Smith, c. Sir Walter Raleigh, d. Sir Francis Drake

c. Sir Walter Raleigh

From the beginning of the Virginia colony, what was the recognized official religion? a. Presbyterianism, b. Congregationalism, c. The Church of England (Anglicanism), c. Quakerism

c. The Church of England (Anglicanism)

What was the first legal code in the English colonies? a. the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, b. the Virginia Declaration, c. The Lawes Divine, Morall, and Martiall, d. the Mayflower Compact

c. The Lawes Divine, Morall, and Martiall

How did the Stuart monarchs gain authority to grant land from Virginia Company holdings? a. The Virginia Company was a government holding, b. They purchased the land with public funds and then granted it to court favorites, c. The Virginia Company lost its charter, d. They didn't, but they granted the land anyway

c. The Virginia Company lost its charter

Why did Amerigo Vespucci receive more recognition for the discovery of America than did Columbus? a. Columbus died before he could write everything down and get it published, b. Columbus didn't discover anything worth writing about, c. Vespucci's letters detailing his experiences were widely published, d. Columbus had made powerful enemies in Europe who discredited him

c. Vespucci's letters detailing his experiences were widely published across Europe

Which of the following best describes the reason why we know so little about most Native American tribes? a. All native tribes were the same before Columbus landed, b. Native people are secretive about their history and culture, c. We don't have much written evidence of their history and culture, d. Most evidence of native tribes was destroyed as they were conquered

c. We don't have much written evidence of their history and culture

The Virginia Company of London was ... a. a shipping company, b. a royal exploration company, c. a way for regular people to invest in colonization, d. a bank

c. a way for regular people to invest in colonization

To the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay, economic prosperity was ... a. something they ignored, b. a sign of ungodliness, c. an outward sign of obedience to biblical principles, d. something that only happened to those who ignored most biblical principles

c. an outward sign of obedience to biblical principles

Native Americans have inhabited North America since ... a. the time of Christ, b. the beginning of time, c. at least the time of the Ancient Egyptians, d. the time of the Fall of Rome

c. at least the time of the Ancient Egyptians

Alfred Crobsy's book, The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Culture Consequences of 1492, explained that the most important results of Columbus' discovery of America were ... a. political, b. social, c. biological, d. cultural

c. biological

Placing Maryland's settlements along waterways ... a. gave them a place to drown religious dissenters, b. linked it more closely to Virginia, c. contributed to the high mortality rate of the colony, d. gave Maryland a better hope of survival

c. contributed to the high mortality rate of the colony

Which of the following is NOT true of the harvest celebration in Plymouth? a. it was a feast day, b. the Plymouth colonists were joined by members of the Wampanoag tribe, c. it was officially declared a day of thanksgiving, d. the native Americans who joined the feast brought a contribution

c. it was officially declared a day of thanksgiving

The goal of the Puritans was to ... a. break England away from the Roman Catholic Church, b. eliminate all Catholics from England, c. rid the Church of England from any practice that resembled that of the Roman Catholic Church, d. start a new nation in the Americas

c. rid the Church of England from any practice that resembled that of the Roman Catholic Church

In the Medieval Period, people of Europe became fascinated with ... a. the Norman Conquest, b. astronomy, c. the Far East, d. Africa

c. the Far East

What was the first representative assembly in the Americas? a. the House of Commons, b. the Massachusetts Assembly, c. the Virginia House of Burgesses, d. the governor's Council

c. the Virginia House of Burgesses

The Puritans were ... a. Presbyterians, b. Catholics, c. Anabaptists, d. Calvinists

d. Calvinists

The __________ system allowed the Spanish to receive tribute from the natives in the form of labor. a. Mestizo, b. Slave, c. Creole, d. Encomienda

d. Encomienda

Ponce de Leon a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

d. Florida

Who was the first governor of the Plymouth Colony? a. John Smith, b. William Bradford, c. Isaac Allerton, d. John Carver

d. John Carver

____ ________ led the Massachusetts Bay colonists. a. Thomas Hooker, b. Cotton Mather, c. Jonathan Edwards, d. John Winthrop

d. John Winthrop

The generally accepted beginning of the Protestant Reformation was ... a. October 31, 1066, b. October 31, 1776, c. October 31, 1492, d. October 31, 1517

d. October 31, 1517

The Pilgrims were a division of Puritans who were ... a. Lutherans, b. Anabaptists, c. Presbyterians, c. Separatists

d. Separatists

Ferdinand of Aragon/Isabella of Castile a. France, b. England, c. Portugal, d. Spain

d. Spain

What was the first settlement and first colonial capital of Maryland? a. St. Anne's Parish, b. Annapolis, c. Baltimore, d. St. Mary's City

d. St. Mary's City

Which of the following was a document more fundamental to the American system of government than the Mayflower Compact, outlining a list of provisions that guaranteed certain rights to the people of Massachusetts? a. The Lawes Divine, Morall, and Martiall, b. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, c. A Modell of Christian Charity, d. The Massachusetts Body of Liberties

d. The Massachusetts Body of Liberties

Which of the following is NOT true? a. European Christians saw exploration as a way to counter Islam, b. One of the goals of exploration by both the Catholics and the Protestants was to spread the Gospel, c. The Protestant Reformation was seen not only as a challenge to the Church but also to the state, d. The Protestant Reformation was limited to only England and Germany

d. The Protestant Reformation was limited to only England and Germany

Which of the following is NOT true of Columbus' voyages to the New World? a. They were able to explore the coasts of South and Central America, b. They explored a large part of the Caribbean, c. They were successful in establishing a colony at Hispaniola, d. The first voyage was the most difficult because of a lack of supplies and terrible weather

d. The first voyage was the most difficult because of a lack of supplies and terrible weather

The 1534 Act of Supremacy ... a. gave the French Huguenots the right to worship freely, b. confirmed the pope as the head of the Church, c. gave the English dominion over Scotland, d. made the English monarch the head of the church and state

d. made the English monarch the head of the church and state

In Maryland, each colonist paid a ________ to Lord Baltimore. a. tithe, b. honorarium, c. tax, d. quitrent

d. quitrent

Those accused in the Salem Witch Trials were most often condemned by testimony based on ... eye-witness accounts, b. confessions, c. Biblical reasoning, d. spectral evidence

d. spectral evidence

What was one of the results of Bacon's Rebellion? a. Governor Berkely declared war on local native tribes, b. Bacon gained the position as governor of Virginia, c. former indentured servants gained seats in the House of Burgesses, d. the English colonies gained the attention of the English Crown

d. the English colonies gained the attention of the English Crown

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaco a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

e. Seven Cities of Gold

Hernando de Soto a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

f. Mississippi River

Francisco de Coronado a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

g. Kansas

Jacques Cartier a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

h. St. Lawrence River

Robert de la Salle a. Brazil, b. Mexico, c. Peru, d. Florida, e. Seven Cities of Gold, f. Mississippi River, g. Kansas, h. St. Lawrence River, i. Great Lakes

i. Great Lakes