ABDwall & Diaphragm & Peritoneal Cavity (WB)

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

Which transducer is best suited for a sonographic examination of the superficial abdominal wall?

12 MHz linear curve

Which of the following is an inflammatory response?

Abscess

Which of the following methods is used to divide the abdominalopelvic cavity into nine regions by drawing two vertical and two horizontal lines?

Addison's lines

Which of the following is another name for the rectouterine space?

All of the above: Pouch of Douglas, Posterior cul-de-sac, retrovaginal pouch

Which of the following may be seen in the thoracic cavity in a fetus with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

All the above; liver, spleen, stomach

What two layers are divided by the superficial fascia inferior to the umbilicus?

Camper's (fatty layer w/small vessels and nerves) & Scarpa's (deep membranous layer)

Which of the following potential spaces is commonly referred to as Morrison's pouch?

Hepatorenal space

Which of the following is not a ventral hernia?

Inguinal

Which of the following statements regarding hematomas is FALSE?

Postsurgical hematomas are usually retroperitoneal

Which of the following may be contraindication to sonography-guided aspiration?

Septations within the abscess

What collection of serum that results from a surgical procedure or form the liquefaction of a hematoma and typically appears anechoic to hypoechoic sonographically?

Seroma

What demonstration widening of the hernia and movement of the hernia content?

Valsava maneuver

Which of the following has the primary function of attaching muscles to fixed points?

aponeuroses

Transudative ascites is typically associated with:

congestive heart failure

Which statement regarding the diaphragm is FALSE?

due to diaphragmatic contraction, the IVC dilates during inspiration

Which of the following is an abnormal elevation of the diaphragm due to a development anomaly?

eventration

What ascites has a more complex and echogenic appearance because fluid seeps out from blood vessels and contains a large amount of protein and cellular material

exudative

What is the most common content in an abdominal wall hernia?

fat

What causes abscess to have a "dirty" posterior shadow?

gas/air

4 clinical indications of an inflammatory respones are

heat, redness, pain, and swelling

A large hematoma may be associated with a decrease in which laboratory value?

hematocrit

Blood of focal area or clot, the collection is called:

hematoma

Free blood within the peritoneal cavity is called:

hemoperitoneal

Which of the following is another term for pleural effusion?

hydrothorax

Three main categories of disease that affect the abdominal wall:

inflammatory, traumatic, and neoplasm changes

Which of the following is an anatomical area where vessels can enter and exit the abdominal cavity and is a potential site for hernias?

inguinal canal

Which of the following is a true statement about the right crus of the diaphragm?

it appears anterior tot eh caudate lobe

Which of the following speaces is most likely to contain the pancreatic pseudocyst?

lesser sac

Which of the following is the most common benign tumor of the abdominal wall?

lipoma

Which of the following typically occurs when a nerve is damaged during surgery?

neuroma

Which of the following organs is NOT located within the peritoneal cavity?

pancreas

An interventional procedure performed to remove ascites from the peritoneal cavity is called?

paracentesis

What lines the abdominopelvic cavity and is formed by a single layer of epithelial cells and supporting connective tissue?

parietal peritoneum

What is the largest body cavity?

peritoneal cavity

In order to determine if an abscess is intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal, what structure must the sonographer demonstrate?

peritoneal line

The thin sheet of tissues that divides the abdominal cavity into the peritoneal and retroperitoneal compartments is called the:

peritoneal membrane

What is diagnosed when fluid is visualized superior to the diaphragm?

pleural effusion

Ascites typically collects in all of the following potential spaces EXCEPT:

pleural space

What muscles are the posterior abdominal wall?

psoas major, iliacus, and quadratus lumborum

Which of the following muscles is not part of the anterolateral abdominal wall?

psoas muscle

Which of the following muscles is not a paired muscle?

pyramidalis muscle

Superficial abdominal wall hematomas most commonly occur within the?

rectus sheath

What fibrous compartment that contains the rectus abdominis, pyramidalis muscle, blood, and lymphatic vessels and nerves?

rectus sheath

Over half of infants born with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia die form what medical condition?

respiratory failure

Due to high frequency of appendicitis and duodenal ulcers, the most common potential space for the peritoneal abscess is:

right subphrenic space

The comon sonographic appearance of a lymphocele is:

simple anechoic collection with possible thin septation

All of the following statements regarding omental caking are true EXCEPT:

simple transudative ascites is frequently associated with omental caking

Mesenteric cysts may occur anywhere along the mesentery but are most commonly found originating from

small bowel mesentery

The lesser sac lies immediately posterior to the?

stomach

Two complications that can occur with midline hernia include?

strangulation (blood supply/ischemia & incarceration (sac cannot be pushed back into cavity

The lesser sac contains which of the following organs?

the lesser sac does not contain any organs

What is the ventral cavity separated by the diaphragm?

thoracic and abdominalopelvic cavity

What ascites typically has a simple appearance because it is characterized by a lack of protein and cellular material?

transadative

What is the most common type of the ventral hernia?

umbilical

A fluid collection that contains urine and is associated with a rupture of teh urinary tract is caller?

urinoma

Two main categories of abdominal wall hernias are:

venral and groin

Peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal organs is referred to as?

visceral peritoneum


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