AP Bio Chapter 5 hw

You wash the dishes. When you let the water down the drain, where is the water flowing the fastest? a) At the center of the pipe. b) Along the edge of the pipe. c) It depends on the amount of soap that you used. d) All water in the pipe flows at the same velocity.

a) At the center of the pipe.

Which feature of large biological molecules explains their great diversity? a) The many ways that monomers of each class of biological molecule can be combined into polymers b) The many classes of large biological molecules c) The diversity of elements found in large biological molecules

a) The many ways that monomers of each class of biological molecule can be combined into polymers Biological molecules belong to four main classes, and are constructed from only 40 to 50 common monomers (and a few rare ones) made of only a few of the 92 naturally occurring elements. The diversity of biological molecules is due to differences in the arrangements of the monomers in each molecule.

Which of the following categories includes all others in the list? a) carbohydrate b) starch c) polysaccharide d) disaccharide e) monosaccharide

a) carbohydrate

Which of the following is the best example of a Bingham plastic? a) hair conditioner b) soda c) rubbing alcohol d) shredded cheese

a) hair conditioner

You are the CEO of Johnson and Johnson and are deciding on redesigned hand lotion bottles. Which of the following would allow the consumer to use the most lotion without any change in effort? a) A bottle that is superhydrophilic on the inside. b) A bottle that is superhydrophobic on the inside. c) A bottle that is hydrophilic on the inside. d) A bottle that is hydrophobic on the inside.

b) A bottle that is superhydrophobic on the inside.

Which molecule is a nucleotide? a) Deoxyribose b) ATP c) The amino acid glycine

b) ATP A nucleotide consists of three parts: a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. ATP consists of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a pentose sugar, and three phosphate groups.

Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes? a) The purines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. b) The phosphodiester linkages of the polynucleotide backbone would be broken. c) The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. d) The two strands of the double helix would separate. e) All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.

b) The phosphodiester linkages of the polynucleotide backbone would be broken.

Which level(s) of protein structure may be stabilized by covalent bonds? a) Secondary level of protein structure b) Primary, tertiary and quaternary levels of protein structure c) None of the levels of protein structure is stabilized by covalent bonds.

b) Primary, tertiary and quaternary levels of protein structure

Which level of protein structure is characteristic of some, but not all, proteins? a) Secondary level of protein structure b) Quaternary level of protein structure c) Tertiary level of protein structure

b) Quaternary level of protein structure Quaternary structure results from the aggregation of two or more polypeptide subunits, and not all proteins are composed of more than one polypeptide.

What structural difference accounts for the functional differences between starch and cellulose? a) Starch is a polymer of glucose, whereas cellulose is a polymer of fructose. b) Starch and cellulose differ in the glycosidic linkages between their glucose monomers. c) Starch can be digested by animal enzymes, whereas cellulose cannot.

b) Starch and cellulose differ in the glycosidic linkages between their glucose monomers. Both starch and cellulose are glucose polymers, but the glycosidic linkages in these two polymers differ. Glucose can have two slightly different ring structures. When glucose forms a ring, the hydroxyl group attached to the number 1 carbon is positioned either below (alpha) or above (beta) the plane of the ring. In starch, all the glucose monomers are in the alpha configuration. In cellulose, all the glucose monomers are in the beta configuration. As a result, every other glucose monomer is "upside down" with respect to its neighbors. The differing glycosidic linkages in starch and cellulose give the two molecules distinct three-dimensional shapes, leading to key functional differences.

Which of the following has the highest viscosity? a) milk b) honey c) ice cold water d) hot coffee

b) honey

Which of the following pairs of base sequences could form a short stretch of a normal double helix of DNA? a) 5´-AGCT-3´ with 5´-TCGA-3´ b) All of these pairs are correct. c) 5´-ATGC-3´ with 5´-GCAT-3´ d) 5´-GCGC-3´ with 5´-TATA-3' e) 5´-purine-pyrimidine-purine-pyrimidine-3´ with 3´-purine-pyrimidine-purine-pyrimidine-5´

c) 5´-ATGC-3´ with 5´-GCAT-3´

Which of the following is true? a) A liquid can serve as a lubricant in a container, but a gas cannot. b) A gas can serve as a lubricant in a container, but a liquid cannot. c) A gas and a liquid can both serve as a lubricant in a container. d) Neither a gas nor a liquid can serve as a lubricant in a container.

c) A gas and a liquid can both serve as a lubricant in a container.

The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions? a) C60H120O60 b) C60H100O50 c) C60H102O51 d) C6H12O6 e) C60H111O51

c) C60H102O51

Which statement best explains the connection between the sequence and subcomponents of a protein and its properties? a) A renatured protein will not function properly since proteins cannot regain their original sequence of amino acids after denaturation. b) The unique shape of a protein provides that protein with the ability to carry on several different functions. c) The specific shape of a protein is naturally known to the original sequence of amino acids so the protein will function properly after renaturation. d) A denatured protein will continue to have the same function since only the structure of the protein is affected.

c) The specific shape of a protein is naturally known to the original sequence of amino acids so the protein will function properly after renaturation.

Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is true? a) They have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule. b) They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. c) They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. d) They are more common in animals than in plants. e) They generally solidify at room temperature.

c) They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids.

The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the a) All structural levels are equally affected. b) quaternary level. c) primary level. d) secondary level. e) tertiary level

c) primary level.

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down? a) cellulose and chitin b) glycogen and cellulose c) starch, amylopectin, and cellulose d) glycogen, starch, and amylopectin e) starch and chitin

d) glycogen, starch, and amylopectin