ATI Nutrition Dynamic Quiz

A nurse is teaching a client with heart disease about a low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following client statements indicates the teaching was effective?

I should remove the skin from poultry before eating it. The skin contains the greatest amount of fat.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer and reports a metallic taste in the mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse share with the client?

Offer mints. The nurse should encourage the client to suck on mints, which can overcome the metallic taste the client is experiencing as a result of the radiation therapy.

A nurse is providing teaching about food choices to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I should replace white bread with whole grain bread" Clients with diabetes mellitus have the same fiber requirements as the general population. Fiber content can be increased by substituting white bread, which is made with refined grains, with whole-grain bread, which retains the outer layer of the grain that is higher in fiber.

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with AIDS who has stomatitis of the mouth. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth." The nurse should instruct the client to suck on popsicles or ice chips, which can numb the mouth.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client states, "I eat paste every day. I can't imagine giving it up." Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?

"You don't have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat" The American Diabetes Association recommends individualizing carbohydrate restriction for each client. A careful assessment of the client's usual dietary practices and modifications is an important part of teaching clients to manage this disorder.

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a protein deficiency. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

- Mix powdered skim milk into liquid milk - Add a raw egg to fruit smoothies - Add hot honey to hot tea - Mix yogurt into fresh fruit

A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a new prescription for pravastatin to treat hyperlipidemia. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching?

- Pravastatin can be taken with grapefruit juice Pravastatin: lowers "bad" cholesterol and fats (LDL & triglycerides) and increases "good" cholesterol (HDL) in the blood

A nurse is providing teaching about calcium intake to a client who is breast feeding. Which of the following is the recommended daily calcium intake for a client who is breastfeeding?

1,000 mg The nurse should instruct the client that 1,000 mg of calcium is recommended for women aged 19 or older, as well as those who are lactating. This amount of calcium is sufficient to meet the needs of the client and the infant because additional calcium is absorbed from the intestines during this time.

A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. How many of the amino acids must be obtained from dietary intake?

9 Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids, which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Nine amino acids are considered essential for the human body and must be obtained from diet. - Histidine - Isoleucine - Leucine - Lysine - Methionine - Phenylalanine - Threonine - Tryptophan - Valine

A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?

Ask the client to identify the types of foods she prefers. The nurse should apple the nursing process priority-setting framework to plan client care and prioritize nursing actions. Each step of the nursing process builds on the previous step, beginning with an assessment or data collection.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has AIDS and has developed stomatitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Avoid salty foods. Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth, usually with ulcerations. Foods that are spicy, acidic, or salty should be avoided to prevent further irritation and damage to the oral mucosa.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) TPN:method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. A special formula given through a vein provides most of the nutrients the body needs. The method is used when someone can't or shouldn't receive feedings or fluids by mouth.

Check the client's capillary blood glucose level every 4 hours. Check every 4 hours or according to facility policy due to the client's risk of hyperglycemia while receiving TPN. The dextrose concentration in TPN increases the risk of this complication.

A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-aged child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods selected by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Corn tortilla with black beans Celiac disease: Gluten intolerance Gluten is found in wheat, rye, and barley. Selecting products made from corn indicates an understanding of the teaching, as corn and beans are gluten-free foods.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a BMI of 29 and expresses a desire to lose weight. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Determine the client's intention to change current eating habits. When using the nursing process, the nurse should first assess the client's readiness to commit to a change in behavior.

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as the purpose of bile?

Digesting fats Bile is a product of the liver and aids in the digestion of fats.

A nurse is conducting dietary teaching with a client who has a history of renal calculi (kidney stones). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Drink 3.8 L (4 qt) of water throughout the day. The nurse should instruct the client to drink 3.8 L of water per day to keep urine diluted and decrease the risk of kidney stone formation.

A nurse is updating the plan of care for a client who has dumping syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Eat a source of protein with each meal. Protein delays gastric emptying

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Eat yogurt with live cultures (probiotics) Yogurt with live bacterial cultures provides dietary probiotics that help maintain and promote bowel function.

A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a gastrectomy. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include to help prevent dumping syndrome?

Eliminate simple sugars and sugar alcohols from the client's diet. Sugar, honey, and sugar alcohols (e.g., sorbitol and xylitol) increase hypertonicity and propel food through the intestines faster than food without sweeteners.

A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Fats provide energy. Fats serve as a stored energy source for the body, providing 9 cal/g of energy.

A nurse is caring for a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for calcium supplements. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to promote calcium absorption?

Fortified milk Fortified milk provides 2.45 mcg of vitamin D, which promotes calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Adults up to age 70 need 600 international units of vitamin D per day and 800 international units thereafter. Therefore, fortified milk is a good source of vitamin D.

A nurse is reviewing the dietary choices of a client who has chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following food items should the nurse suggest removing from the client's menu for the following day?

Ice cream Client who has chronic pancreatitis should limit their fat intake to no more than 30% to 40% of total calories. Ice cream is high in fat, with 48 g of fat in a 1-cup serving of vanilla ice cream. The client should choose healthier fat-containing options to support a balanced diet, such as avocados and nuts.

A nurse is providing nutritional counseling for a client who is pregnant. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client to increase in her daily diet?

Iron Iron supplements are recommended during pregnancy to promote adequate transfer of iron to the fetus and to support the expansion of the maternal RBC mass.

A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following simple sugars should the nurse identify as the carbohydrates found in milk?

Lactose

A nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as an example of an incomplete protein?

Lentils Incomplete proteins are missing 1 or more of the essential amino acids necessary for the synthesis of protein in the body. Ex: lentils, vegetables, grains, nuts, and seeds.

A nurse is planning an in-service training session for a group of nurses regarding the role of enzymes in digestion. Which of the following enzymes plays a role in the digestion of protein?

Pepsin Pepsin is an enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa that breaks down protein into polypeptides. Other enzymes such as trypsin and aminopeptidase further break down the polypeptides into amino acids, which can be used by the body.

A nurse is teaching a client with chronic kidney disease about predialysis dietary recommendations. The nurse should recommend restricting the intake of which of the following nutrients?

Protein Dietary restrictions for clients who have chronic kidney disease vary based on the degree of kidney function; however, most clients need protein limitations. Predialysis protein restriction can help preserve some kidney function.

A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include?

Protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate. Protein is used as an energy source for the body when carbohydrates and fat stores are unavailable or depleted.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings through an NG tube. The specific gravity of the client's urine is 1.035 which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Provide more water with feedings. The elevation in the client's specific gravity indicates dehydration. The nurse should provide more fluids either by adding free water to feedings or by instilling water between feedings. Another strategy is to request a formula that contains less protein.

A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with the parent of a toddler who states that her child will not sit at the table to eat with the family. She asks the nurse for recommendations for "finger foods" for her child. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest?

Slices of ripe banana Toddlers should have about 8 oz (1 cup) of fruit per day. Bananas are nutritious and as long as they are soft, do not present a choking hazard for young children.

A nurse is caring for a client who has peripheral edema. The nurse should identify that which of the following nutrients regulates extracellular fliud volume?

Sodium Sodium regulates extracellular fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission, avid-base balance, and various other cellular activities.

A nurse is teaching a client who has lactose intolerance about dietary modifications. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?

Soy cheese The nurse should recommend lactose-free food items like oy cheese, soy yogurt, almond milk, and lactose-free milk.

A nurse is caring for a client who has xerostomia (dry mouth) with a lack of saliva. Which of the following nutrients will be affected by the lack of salivary amylase?

Starch Salivary amylase begins the process of digestion in the mouth with the initial breakdown of starches. The majority of starch breakdown occurs in the small intestine with pancreatic amylase.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for mouth cancer and reports dry mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse provide?

Use gravies or sauces to soften food. The nurse should instruct the client to use gravies or sauces to soften foods and make them easier to eat.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of pernicious anemia. The nurse should expect the client's provider to prescribe which of the following medications for this client?

Vitamin B12

A nurse is caring for a client who has scurvy. Which of the following vitamin deficiencies should the nurse identify as the cause of this disease?

Vitamin C Vitamin C deficiency produces symptoms of scurvy such as delayed wound healing and capillary fragility.